فهرست مطالب mohammad sadeqi

International economic law has a transformational role in developing the economy, where the transformation leads to economic prosperity and growth, including changing several aspects of progression, especially social and political progress.  One of the unknown aspects of development, specifically in developing societies, is the impact of international economic law on the political development of children's rights. Like other aspects of social law, children's rights have an economic-political aspect whose study needs comprehensive research. Implementing international economic law is linked with different aspects of domestic development, and the question is raised of what impact international economic law has on developing an area such as children's rights. On the other hand, can developments in international economic law in political development help strengthen children's rights? The article is written in a library research format and seeks to answer the question of the basis of the connection between international economic law and political development.  In addition, how does the connection help to realize children's rights? On the one hand, international economic law strengthens political law and contributes to children's rights in both legal and social aspects, and on the other hand, strengthening the free market may pose a threat for implementing children's rights and its use; therefore, supervision of international economic law on the commitment of the benefiting states is one of the advantages of this type of economic system and a guarantee for the rights of the vulnerable groups of society, such as children.

Children are so vulnerable in armed conflicts. They are international targets of violence, victims of indiscriminate violence, and traumatized witnesses of violence against others.  They are disproportionately affected by war, being at greater risk of malnutrition and disease and highly vulnerable to abuse and exploitation. Despite the emerging acceptance to embrace the responsibility to protect (R2P) doctrine, the use and abuse of children by armed groups, State and non-State, has continued. The Responsibility to Protect claims to offer a solution to one of the gravest issues in world politics – mass atrocities. Ten years after the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) detailed the concept, and five years after it was endorsed by the United Nations, we are presented an opportune moment to critically explore fundamental questions as to whether R2P has, or is able to, deliver on its promise. The article discusses the lack of discourse associated with the child soldier problem and how this relates to responsibility to protect.

Security and tourism, the parameters of an equation that are directly and closely related to each other. Basically, the safety does not hold, the trip was not speaking of tourism, will be in vain. Security as the most important factor in tourism development strategies It results in the world. In this study, tourism security in the autumn and winter of 1391 from the perspective of tourists who had traveled to Iran, Yazd was measured. The purpose of this study was to understand the sense of safety of tourists in Iran. The research was descriptive - analytical and data collection in the form of library studies and field research (observation, questionnaires and interviews) is. The population of foreign tourists in Yazd, random sampling method and sample size of 150 was calculated using the Cochrane approach.and their propaganda was confirmed.and gives tourists a sense of insecurity because they feel they virgin atmosphere of safety and the police. No significant relationship between safety and high tax incentive travel to Iran again there was that tourists feel safer MyKrdnd were more willing to visit Iran again. Given that tourism is two-way communication as well as its role in the dissemination of facts confirmed at the global levelsituation and 55% of the security situation in Iran's tourism MyDanstnd bad. The cynicism and lack of true understanding of the role of the Western tourists Analysis and quantitative data using statistical models were spss software environment. The results indicated that before entering Iranian tourists had no true understanding of the security situation and 55% of the security situation in Iran's tourism MyDanstnd bad. The cynicism and lack of true understanding of the role of the Western media and their propaganda was confirmed.and gives tourists a sense of insecurity because they feel they virgin atmosphere of safety and the police. No significant relationship between safety and high tax incentive travel to Iran again there was that tourists feel safer MyKrdnd were more willing to visit Iran again. Given that tourism is two-way communication as well as its role in the dissemination of facts confirmed at the global level

The Treasury is a source of blood money in Muslim countries. There are many Islamic traditions about the true meaning of the Treasury, but here, it specifically stands for the Treasury in Muslim countries, or Beit-ul-Maal. The Islamic punitive code has specified certain instances in which blood money can be paid through the Treasury. They include cases when murderer has not been identified either through oath-taking ceremony, or when in an oath-taking ceremony, an accused murderer has been acquitted; in cases when the next of kin is not sane; when the murderer has escaped and has no close relatives; when an officer of law or judge has made a mistake; when there are two different confessions and so forth. This study discusses legal and judicial documents and the method used to adapt legal cases with viewpoints of Muslim jurists in every one of the above cases while offering proposals for the completion or correction of the law. There are also cases in which the Islamic jurisprudence considers the Treasury responsible for the payment of blood money, which have not been mentioned in the law. Some of these cases include administration of the Islamic punishment (hadd), when a crime has been committed by People of the Book, and when an aggressor is killed by a person in defense, where the viewpoints of Muslim jurists and evidence in favor of such cases are discussed. Some of these cases are of difference among jurists as they have been poorly documented (for example with regard to death of a person due to administration of the Islamic punishment), some of them can be only proven according to a specific principle, and some are against the viewpoints of most jurists (like killing an insane attacker by a person in self-defense). Obviously, it has been right not to include these cases in the state law. The only case which is strongly documented and is based on the viewpoints of most jurists is when People of the Book commit a crime in which case the author of Jawahir has a clear decree. It is proposed that this case should be included in the law.

Messyar marriage is a kind of marriage which has become popular in recent years in some Islamic countries and many Arab men and women have welcomed it. Since the Sunnites know temporary marriage, as common among the Shiites, illegitimate, to answer the needs of some young men and women proposed Messyar marriage. Messyar is a type of constant marriage contract in which it is specified that the woman has no right to alimony and to going to bed with the man unless he is willing, and the man is free to visit the woman whenever he wants to. The woman is also free and the man cannot enforce his mastery over her. The important point is that in this type of marriage there is no balance between the rights and the duties of the couples and women suffer from more indetermination. This paper evaluates the conditions of Messyar marriage contract and the arguments Sunnite jurisprudents bring for and against it.