فهرست مطالب mohammad-hosein torabi-nejad

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among preterm infants. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of prophylactic parenteral paracetamol dosage to decrease rate of ductus patency in preterm infants.
The study was a randomized double-masked clinical trial that was conducted at Afzalipour tertiary medical center (Kerman, Iran) between Novembers 2015 and 2016, recruiting 160 neonates with gestational age less than 34 weeks who were equally divided into case and control arms. The neonates of case group received parenteral paracetamol with the loading dose of 20 mg/kg and maintenance dose of 7.5 mg/kg every 6 hours during first three postnatal days and the neonates of control group received nothing. Thereafter, echocardiography was done at the day 4 to detect any ductus patency.
Among the included infants and after intervention, 12 (15%) in case group and 57 (71.25%) in control group had PDA. Ductus patency incidence among the neonates of case group was significantly lower than in control group. Means of assisted ventilation requirement, cardiac shortening fraction and mortality rate were not significantly different comparing the two groups.
This study showed that the prophylactic dosage of parenteral paracetamol can prevent ductus patency and accounts as a trustworthy alternative to the traditional drugs e.g. Ibuprofen or Indomethacin.

Oral hygiene in children and parental awareness have an important role in prevention of infective endocarditis. The aim of this study was to determine oral and dental health in children with congenital heart disease in comparison with a control group and its relation with knowledge، attitude and performance of parents. In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study carried out in 2012، 60 children، aged 3‒12 years، with congenital heart disease، referring to a private pediatric cardiology clinic and 60 healthy children، selected randomly، were evaluated. Then DMFT/dmft، plaque index and gingival index were recorded and a questionnaire was completed by parents for evaluating their knowledge، attitude and performance. Data were analyzed with SPSS 16 by descriptive statistics، 2-sample t-test، and chi-squared and regression tests (α=0. 05). The means of DMFT/dmft، PI and GI in children with CHD were significantly higher compared to healthy children (p value = 0. 001). Parents’ knowledge and attitude had no significant relationship with children’s mean PI، GI and DMFT/dmft (p value > 0. 05); however، parents’ performance and mean DMFT/dmft were significantly related (p value = 0. 01)، with no significant relationship with PI and GI (p value > 0. 05). There were no significant differences in knowledge and performance between the two groups (p value > 0. 05); however، parents’ attitudes in the patient group were significantly more positive that the healthy group (p value = 0. 004). Children with CHD had lower oral health than healthy children. Parental knowledge and performance about heart disease and the importance of oral health was low. However، the attitude of parents of children with CHD was more positive than other group، indicating the role of education in improving attitude.