mohsen mollabashi

Patrick Baert believes that although there are many capabilities in field of philosophy of social sciences, pragmatism has not come to its proper place yet due to lack of enough attention on behalf of philosophers. He believes that pragmatism can be used properly in this field and new prospects in social sciences may be discovered by its assistance. In his Philosophy of the Social Sciences: Towards Pragmatism and due to his criticisms on social sciences and philosophy of social sciences,Baert claims that one of his purposes in the book is to develop a new approach in philosophy of social sciences employing pragmatism. This article is going to explore his claim; before discussing on the content, it has scanned all the chapters and analyzed Persian structure and translation of the book. At last and through content review and scrutiny of author’s claim it is concluded the book achievement is far from author’s assertion and his suggestions have no meaningful difference with expressions of hermeneutics, interpreters, instrumentalists and followers of critical school and Baert has innovated nothing new and commenced no novel path for social sciences.

"The reasons for the decline of the Islamic Civilization" is a topic which has attracted many intellectuals and a lot of theorists have asserted various views to elaborate the subject. Morteza Motahari, one of the Iranian thinkers, had been preoccupied with the issue for years and had depicted a thorough roadmap to study the subject. He believed that reforming an attitude is prior to reforming an action, hence to improve the function of people in society, it is essential to transform their attitudes. Furthermore, the beginning of this reformation depends on people, because any reformation originates from the public and then moves towards the ruling class and the elites. Accordingly, Motahari wrote Dastan Rastan[1] to address the youth to the reformation of their views. The present study, through the method of qualitative-content analysis is seeking to extract the concepts that the philosopher was conveying to his young audience. Moreover, this study is trying to scrutinize the amount of conformity between the mentioned concepts of the work and the idea of the roadmap which Motahari illustrated for the revival of the Islamic Civilization. The findings of this study prove the issues achieved by the content analysis of the book are intensely in agreement with the philosopher's theory about the reasons of the decline of the Islamic Civilization.

Michel Foucault was a contemporary philosopher with a global influence. He proposed serious critiques to the earlier intellectuals and was also influenced by many of them. The present study will only examine the epistemic principles of his genealogy through answering questions such as “how did Foucault define the truth? What path did he take to get to the truth? Was Foucault a relativist? In what domain was he a relativist and what was the basis of his relativism?” The analysis of the epistemic principles of genealogy showed that Foucault remained loyal to the theory of Coherentism in defining the truth through both stages. Moreover, in genealogy had nominalistic approaches and Foucault's choice of the varieties of relativism was ontological relativism and epistemological relativism. Loyal to Nietzsche and his ontological-relativist approaches, he extended the relativism maintained in genealogy and emphasized that, during every period in history, power determines the truth or falsehood of premises through discourse.