به جمع مشترکان مگیران بپیوندید!

تنها با پرداخت 70 هزارتومان حق اشتراک سالانه به متن مقالات دسترسی داشته باشید و 100 مقاله را بدون هزینه دیگری دریافت کنید.

برای پرداخت حق اشتراک اگر عضو هستید وارد شوید در غیر این صورت حساب کاربری جدید ایجاد کنید

عضویت
فهرست مطالب نویسنده:

mohsen shariati

  • Elham Yusefi *, Mahdi Kaffash, Mohsen Shariati

    Among the natural phenomena, flood can be the biggest cause of damage, which always endangers the lives and properties of people. One of the management measures which can play a significant role in reducing the damages is flood risk zoning. In this research, flood risk zoning has been done in the Tabas watershed. In general, the steps and this research were done in four steps the effective criteria in creating the risk of flooding were identified, and the relevant layers were prepared. In the next step, rasterization and standardization were done using fuzzy membership functions, then weighting of parameters was done using the ahp, and finally overlapping of the layers was done using fuzzy operators. The criteria of distance from river, slope, land use, rainfall, soil, dem and ndvi were respectively assigned the highest weight. Also, all fuzzy superposition operators have been used for flood risk zoning.Among these operators, the 0.9 gamma operator shows the best and most reasonable result, so this map was chosen as the final flood risk zoning. In the final map, the total area of high-risk areas is 15432.13 ha. According to the final map obtained, areas with very high flood risk are located in the eastern part of the studied area. Areas with low risk are mostly located in the plains, valleys and depressions with less slope. The method used in this study can be used in other studies such as zoning of earthquake risk potential, development zoning and spatial analysis of disease distribution.

    Keywords: Zoning, Hierarchical Method, Tabas, Fuzzy
  • محسن شریعتی کمال ابادی، رضا اسماعیلی*، سید ناصر حجازی
    هدف از این پژوهش بررسی عوامل فرهنگی (توافق ارزشی، توافق هنجاری، توافق دینداری، سرمایه فرهنگی) موثر بر پایداری ازدواج های دانشجویی و ارایه مدل ساختاری مطلوب در دانشگاه های شهر اصفهان بود. طرح پژوهش پس رویدادی و از نوع مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانشجویان دانشگاه های شهر اصفهان شامل دانشگاه دولتی اصفهان، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، دانشگاه آزاد خوراسگان و دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان بود که در فاصله سال های1395 الی1397بصورت دانشجویی ازدواج کرده بودند. از بین این افراد، نمونه شامل 687 نفر بصورت نمونه گیری هدفمند در دسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزار سنجش شامل پرسشنامه محقق ساخته عوامل فرهنگی و پایداری ازدواج (Shariati, 2019)  بود. داده ها با استفاده از مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری تحلیل و آزمون شدند. یافته ها نشان داد که بین توافق ارزشی، توافق هنجاری، توافق دینداری و سرمایه فرهنگی با پایداری ازدواج تاثیرات مثبت معناداری وجود دارد (01/0>P). یافته های مربوط به مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری نشان دادند که مدل پایداری ازدواج ارایه شده بر اساس عوامل فرهنگی، از برازش بسیار مناسبی برخوردار است و از هر حیث مورد تایید می باشد.
    کلید واژگان: عوامل فرهنگی, پایداری ازدواج, ازدواج دانشجویی
    Mohsen Shariati, Reza Esmaili *, Seed Naser Hejazi
    The purpose of this study was investigating the cultural factors (value agreement, normative agreement, religious agreement, cultural capital) affecting marital stability in student marriage and presenting a favorable structural model in Isfahan universities. The research design was a post-event and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all of Isfahan universities’ students, including University of Isfahan, Isfahan University of Technology, Khorasgan Azad University and Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, who were married as students between 2016 and 2018. from these individuals, a sample of 687 people was selected by purposive convenience sampling. The assessment tool included a researcher-made questionnaire on Cultural factors and Marital Stability (Shariati, 2019). Data were analyzed and tested using structural equation modeling. Findings showed that there is a significant positive effects between value agreement, normative agreement, religious agreement and cultural capital with marital stability (P <0.01). Findings of structural equation modeling showed that the proposed model of marriage stability based on cultural factors has a very good fit and is approved in every way.
    Keywords: Cultural Factors, Marital Stability, Student marriage
  • Abdullah Kaviani Rad, Mohsen Shariati, Armin Naghipour
    Introduction

    Air quality improvement was an unparalleled environmental consequence of the Covid-19 global crisis in many regions. Numerous researches have been conducted on the influence of national quarantines on air pollution and the relationship between the abundance of infected cases and mortality caused by this pandemic with air pollutants; however, these investigations are limited in Iran. The present study aims to investigate the correlation between Covid-19 cases and air pollution from a statistical viewpoint in order to evaluate the performance of multiple national lockdowns from February 2020 to August 2021 through measuring changes in air pollutants in the 31 provinces of Iran.

    Materials and methods

    We applied a remote sensing method by employing Sentinel-5P satellite data to analyze changes in PM2.5, CO, and O3 during the three public quarantine periods and their two months earlier.

    Results

    We recognized a considerable positive correlation between PM2.5 and the infected cases (r=0.63, p=0.001) and victims (r=0.41, p=0.001). Moreover, we compared the efficiency of lockdowns and supposed lockdown 2 (November-December 2020) as an only effective quarantine due to a dramatic reduction in PM2.5 (21.2%), CO (0.8%), the infected cases (48.7%), and victims (66.9%) in comparison to the average of its next two months.

    Conclusion

    Governments should handle the outbreak of Covid-19 by implementing efficient quarantines, as well as environmental conservation strategies.

    Keywords: Air pollution, Covid-19, Lockdown, Remote sensing, Sentinel-5
  • Mahsa Jahangiri-Rad*, Mohsen Shariati, Mahdieh Yaaghoubi, Ali Haghmoradkhani, Abbas Akbarzadeh
    Introduction

    Inappropriate management of mining activities may bring about water pollution and pose a heavy complication on aquatic ecosystem and humans. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Qorveh gold mining activities on the quality of nearby groundwater.

    Materials and Methods

    The concentration of seven eco-toxic metals along with some general hydrochemical parameters were investigated for 27 sampling stations in the study area using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and conventional hydrochemical methods. The analysis results were further applied to compute pollution indices, namely heavy metal pollution index (HPI) for irrigation purposes.

    Results

    The main elements were within the World Health Organization (WHO) and Iranian National Water Standards (INWS) for irrigation water quality, except for NH4+ in some sampling points. The concentration of heavy metals followed the order Cu > Zn > Pb > Hg > Cd > As. The contents of Hg, As, Cd, and Cu in most sites were higher than the recommended values. Except for two stations, the value of HPI based on the mean concentration was found to be far beyond the critical pollution index value of 100, suggesting that the area is highly polluted with some heavy metals.

    Conclusion

    Elevated concentration of trace elements found in groundwater of this area represented the release of harmful elements from gold mining activities on surrounding environment.

    Keywords: Metals, Heavy, Hydrochemistry, Groundwater, Qorveh City
  • Abdullah Kaviani Rad, Mohsen Shariati *, Mehdi Zarei
    Introduction

    Air pollution is one of the biggest environmental problems that has gradually spread since the industrial revolution with the consumption of fossil fuels. This situation is more visible in the capitals of industrialized and densely populated countries and towns. In late 2019, with the outbreak of the Coronavirus from China around the world, governments imposed strict restrictions on traffic and transportation to combat the epidemic. With the reduction of consumption of petroleum products in the industry and transportation system, air pollution has decreased in many cities in the world.

    Materials and methods

    In this study, air pollution in the provinces of Iran has been collected and analyzed more than 4500 data. Data on 40 days of quarantine from 1 March to 9 April 2020 were examined.

    Results

    The results of this study show that the concentrations of pollutants CO, NO2, PM10, and PM2.5 decreased by 11, 15, 10, and 6%, respectively, during the lockdown period; but, the SO2 and O3 concentration increased by 15 and 12%. The highest decrease in air pollution is related to Gilan province (-66) and the highest increase in pollution is related to Isfahan province (+37) percent. Calculations show that the AQI has decreased by 6%, but in the second wave of the disease decreased by 75% compared to the lockdown period.

    Conclusion

    The Coronavirus crisis has shown that air pollution can be addressed through the proper implementation of environmental policies

    Keywords: Air pollution, COVID-19, Coronavirus, Lockdown period, Air Quality Index (AQI)
  • Mohsen Shariati *, Mahsa Jahangiri Rad, Fatima Mahmud Muhammad, Jafar Shariati
    Background

    Iran detected its first COVID-19 case in February 2020 in Qom province, which rapidly spread to other cities in the country. Iran, as one of those countries with the highest number of infected people, has officially reported 1812 deaths from a total number of 23049 confirmed infected cases that we used in the analysis.

    Materials and Methods

    Geographic distribution by the map of calculated incidence rates for COVID -19 in Iran within the period was prepared by GIS 10.6 Spatial autocorrelation (Global Moran’s I) and hot spot analysis were used to assess COVID -19 spatial patterns. The ordinary least square method was used to estimate the relationship between COVID -19 and the risk factors. The next step was to explore Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models that might better explain the variation in COVID -19 cases based on the environmental and socio-demographic factors.

    Results

    The spatial autocorrelation (Global Moran’s I) result showed that COVID-19 cases in the studied area were in clustered patterns. For statistically significant positive z-scores, the larger the z-score is, the more intense the clustering of high values (hot spot), such as Semnan, Qom, Isfahan, Mazandaran, Alborz, and Tehran. Hot spot analysis detected clustering of a hot spot with confidence level 99% for Semnan, Qom, Isfahan, Mazandaran, Alborz, and Tehran, as well. The risk factors were removed from the model step by step. Finally, just the distance from the epicenter was adopted in the model. GWR efforts increased the explanatory value of risk factor with better special precision (adjusted R-squared=0.44)

    Conclusion

    The highest CIR was concentrated around Qom. Also, the greater the distance from the center of prevalence (Qom), the fewer the patients. Hot spot analysis also implies that the neighboring provinces of prevalence centers exhibited hot spots with a 99% confidence level. Furthermore, the results of OLS analysis showed the significant correlation of CIR is with the distance from epicenter (Qom). The GWR can result in the spatial granularity providing an opportunity to well understand the relationship between environmental spatial heterogeneity and COVID-19 risk as entailed by the infection of CIR with COVID-19, which would make it possible to better plan managerial policies for public health.

    Keywords: Spatial analysis, hot spot, COVID-19, OLS, GWR, Iran
  • محسن شریعتی

    مقاله پیش رو به بازتاب باورداشت مهدویت در شکل گیری انقلاب اسلامی ایران می پردازد. مفروض این پژوهش آن است که انقلاب اسلامی تحت تاثیر اندیشه مهدویت بوده و نمونه بارز انقلاب هایی است که با توجه و عنایت به بعد موعودگرایی و انتظار، رخ داده است به ویژه با رویکرد و قرایتی که از سال 1342 شمسی توسط امام خمینی(ره) از مهدویت ارایه شد، این باورداشت رسما به عنوان عاملی قوی و محرکی بزرگ در عرصه سیاسی و انقلابی مردم ایران نمودار گشت. روش تحقیق در این مسئله توصیفی – تحلیلی می باشد و بر پایه مطالعات جامعه شناسی استوار است. یافته های این مقاله در چهار حوزه دسته بندی می شود. باورداشت مهدویت در مرحله نخست در حوزه بینشی و تغییر در جهان بینی مردم ایران، تاثیرگذار بود و بعد از ایجاد جهان بینی، در حوزه ارزشها مفید ثمر بوده و در واقع ایجاد ارزشهای مهدوی در راستای انقلاب نمود. باورداشت مهدویت در حوزه هنجارهای رفتاری هم تاثیر بر انقلاب گذاشت یعنی مهدویت ایجاد ارزشهایی نمود که در راستای انقلاب اثر گذاشت و در نهایت در حوزه نمادها و سمبل های مهدوی، برای تسریع در امر انقلاب ایران ظهور و بروز نمود.

    کلید واژگان: مهدویت, انقلاب ایران, بینش, ارزش, هنجار, نماد
    Mohsen Shariati

    The current paper reflects on the belief of Mahdism in the formation of the Islamic Revolution of Iran. It is assumed that the Islamic Revolution was influenced by the idea of Mahdism and is a prominent example of the revolutions that have taken place with attention to the messianic and awaiting aspect, especially with the approach and the reading presented by Imam Khomeini about Mahdism since 1342 (Solar Year). This belief officially appeared in the political and revolutionary arena of the Iranian people as a powerful and major driving force. The research method in this regard is a descriptive-analytic one and is based on the sociological studies. The findings of this paper are categorized into four areas. The belief of Mahdism in the first place has influenced the area of perception and change in the world-view of the people, and after establishing a world-view, it is beneficial in the realm of values and in fact, it has created Mahdavi values in line with the revolution. Mahdism belief has had an impact on the Revolution in the realm of behavioral norms, that is, Mahdism created values which affected the Revolution in line with it and finally, in the realm of symbols and Mahdism symbols, it has emerged to accelerate the Iranian Revolution.

    Keywords: Mahdism, Revolution of Iran, view point, value, norm, symbol
  • مهدی رضایی، محسن شریعتی
    نظام مالیاتی هرقدر در توسعه و عمران کشور و توزیع عادلانه ثروت در جامعه مهم باشد؛ به همان میزان، جایگاه مراجع مالیاتی و کارمندان اداره مالیات و ممیزان مالیاتی اهمیت بیشتری پیدا می کند. بی تردید، ضرورت نظارت بر ماموران مالیاتی و چگونگی این نظارت از اهداف اساسی این مقاله می باشد؛ چرا که در صورت عدم نظارت بر ماموران مالیاتی ایجاد فرصت فساد برای ماموران خاطی که بنا به دلایل ناهنجاری های اجتماعی و اقتصادی اقدام به این عمل می نمایند، بیشتر می شود و این فساد در درجه اول باعث کاهش درآمدهای واقعی مالیاتی دولت و در درجه دوم، باعث از بین رفتن اعتماد مالیات دهندگان نسبت به حاکمیت و تغییر نگرش و در نهایت توزیع نامناسب ثروت و ایجاد فقر می گردد. از همین رو، بحث نظارت بر رفتار ماموران مالیاتی از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. مقاله حاضر، سعی بر بررسی این امر دارد و آنچه که تاکنون پس از اصلاح قانون مالیات های مستقیم سال 1394 از این فرایند به دست آمده بر دو وجه نظارتی تکیه دارد که بدلیل نو بودن آن در حال حاضر از منظر اصول دادرسی مالیاتی دارای نواقصی در فرایند دادرسی و اصل تخصصی بودن دارد.
    کلید واژگان: مالیات, مامور مالیاتی, نظارت انتظامی, تخلفات, دادرسی مالیاتی
    Mehdi Rezaei, Mohsen Shariati
    As the tax system is important in the development of the country and the fair distribution of wealth in the community, the status of tax authorities and employees of the tax office and tax auditors will be as important as it is. Undoubtedly, the need to oversee tax officials and how these oversight are the main objectives of this article is because in the absence of oversight of tax officials, the possibility of corruption for defenders who are doing so for the reasons of social and economic anomalies increases and this corruption First, it reduces the real tax revenues of the government and, secondly, leads to a loss of taxpayer's trust in governance and a change in attitudes and ultimately in poor distribution of wealth and poverty. As a result, the issue of monitoring the behavior of tax officials is of great importance. The present paper tries to investigate this issue and what has already been relied on two aspects of regulatory control since the reform of the direct tax law of 1394, due to the fact that it now has a defect in the process of prosecution in the context of the tax laws. Principle of specialty.
    Keywords: Tax, Tax Officer, Law Enforcement, Violations, Tax Hearing
  • علی محمد فلاح زاده، امیرحسین رستگارمقدم، محسن شریعتی
    آمبودزمان، نهادی مستقل، بی طرف و دارای پشتوانه قانونی می باشد که با هدف حفاظت از حقوق مردم در برابر اقتدار دولت و مقابله با رفتارهای نادرست و سوء جریان ها در ادارات، ایجاد شده است. این نهاد در کشورهای مختلف با توجه به شرایط و وضعیت حکومت و جامعه، دارای ساختار و صلاحیت های متفاوت است. در همین راستا، بعضی از کشورها دارای موفقیت هایی در زمینه نظارت آمبودزمانی بوده اند که استفاده از تجربیات این کشورها جز از طریق مطالعات تطبیقی، ممکن نیست. در این نوشتار، کشورهای ترکیه و پاکستان که هم به لحاظ قابلیت انطباق و بومی سازی مطالعات، مشابه کشورمان هستند و هم در چند سال اخیر در زمینه آمبودزمان عملکرد موفقی داشته اند، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته اند.
    کلید واژگان: آمبودزمان, ساختار, صلاحیت, ترکیه, پاکستان
    Alimohammad Fallahzadeh, Amirhosein Rastegar Moghadam, Mohsen Shariati
    Ombudsman is independent and impartial that has legal backing. The purpose of its’ establishment is to protecting peoples’ rights against the state and incorrect behavior of government department. This institution has different structures and qualifications in different countries. Turkey and Pakistan have been successful in this type of supervision. In this article structure and competence of the ombudsman in these two countries which has similarities to our country have been studied.
    Keywords: ombudsman, structure, competence, Turkey, Pakistan.
  • محسن شریعتی*
    تجربیات عصر جهانی شدن، حکایت از آن دارد که عدم مشارکت مردم در فرایند تصمیم گیری و تصمیم سازی، جامعه را متضرر می نماید؛ از این رو، جوامع به سمت بهره گیری بیشتر از مشارکت مردمی سوق پیدا کرده اند. این تغییر، منجر به خلق افق های جدیدی در اداره امور ملی و محلی گردیده است؛ ازجمله راه های جلب این گونه مشارکت ها، ایجاد و توسعه فعالیت های سازمان های محلی می باشد. در این نوشتار نشان داده می شود که چطور تجربیات منبعث از جهانی شدن، پیچیدگی های روزافزون جامعه امروز ایران، کاهش هزینه های دولت و چابکی آن، جلوگیری از اتلاف وقت و هزینه مردم، منطقه ای شدن امور و تسریع آنها و نیز لزوم بهره گیری از مشارکت مردم، سبب شده است تا شوراهای اسلامی در ایران نقش پررنگ تری را در حیات سیاسی و اجتماعی پس از انقلاب ایفا کنند. در این میان، بررسی شوراها از منظر قانون اساسی در این نوشتار مورد تاکید بیشتری قرار دارد. با توجه به قانون اساسی، این نهاد یکی از پایه های مردم سالاری در کشور شناخته می شود که با ایفای کارکردهای مختلف و متنوع، تاثیرگذاری مردم در مدیریت و اجرای امور محلی را عینیت می بخشد؛ با این حال، فعالیت شوراها از حیث درون شورایی و برون شورایی، با چالش های فراوانی مواجه است که مستلزم توجه می باشد. اما به طورکلی می توان گفت توجه قانونگذار به شوراها نشان می دهد که اولا: این نهاد به لحاظ کارکرد، از اهمیت به سزایی برخوردار است و ثانیا: ظرفیت های بالقوه ای دارد که در صورت تحقق می تواند به پیشرفت منطقه ای و محلی در وهله نخست و پیشرفت و آبادانی کشور در وهله بعد منجر شود. این نوشتار درصدد است تا پس از بررسی ابعاد نظری، به تاریخچه پیدایش، ویژگی ها، شوون قانونی و کارکردهای این نهاد بپردازد و در نهایت، چالش ها و آسیب های آن را مورد مداقه قرار دهد.
    کلید واژگان: جهانی شدن, مردم سالاری, شوراها, کارکرد شوراها, قانون اساسی
    Mohsen Shariati *
    The experiences of the period of globalization, demonstrate that Nonparticipation of people on the process of decision making, detriments the society. Therefore, societies oriented towards utilization of people participation. This alteration, lead to creation of new horizons of management of national or local affairs. Among different methods of absorbing these participations, is to create and to develop the activities of local organizations.In this article, it is shown that how the experiences of globalization, the increasing complexities of the contemporary society of Iran, decreasing of the government’s costs and its flexibility,prevention of the waste of people’s time and cost, being regional of affairs and acceleration of them and also the utilization of people participation, caused that Islamic councils in Iran play a very important role on social and political life after the revolution. Here, analysis of Islamic councils from the viewpoint of constitutional law has been emphasized. Based on constitutional law, councils are known as one of the bases of democracy in the country which by playing different roles, identify the influence of people in the management of local affairs; Yet, the activities of councils from insight or outsight aspect, is encountered with several difficults which makes it necessary to pay more attention towards them. It can be said that the attention of the lawgiver towards councils show that: Firstly, this entity from the functional point of view, has an important value. Secondly, it has potential capacities that in the case of realization, it can first lead to the reginal and local development and then, can eventuate to the development of the whole country. This article is about to, first analyze the theoretical aspects of the councils and then to study their history of appearance, characteristics, functions. Eventualy it wants to scrutinize their difficults and weaknesses.
    Keywords: Globalization, democracy, councils, functions of councils, constitutional law
  • Razieh Boroujerdi, Mohsen Shariati, Hosein Naddafnia, Hojatolah Rezaei*
    Deficiency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) is a rare inborn error of purine metabolism and is characterized by uric acid overproduction along with a variety of neurological manifestations that depend on a degree of the enzymatic deficiency. Inheritance of HPRT deficiency is X-linked recessive; thus, males are generally more affected and heterozygous females are carriers (usually asymptomatic). Human HPRT is encoded by a single structural gene on the long arm of the X chromosome at Xq26. More than 300 mutations in the HPRT1 gene have been detected. Diagnosis can be based on clinical and biochemical findings as well as enzymatic and molecular testing. Molecular diagnosis is the best way as it allows for faster and more accurate carrier and prenatal diagnosis. In this report, a new small duplication in the HPRT1 gene was found by sequencing, which has yet to be reported.
    Keywords: Lesch, Nyhan syndrome, HPRT gene, Purine metabolism, Prenatal diagnosis
  • Vahid Ghafouri, Akbar Ebrahimzad, Mohsen Shariati
    Synthesis of ZnO nanostructures was achieved on glass substrate by the resistive evaporation of metallic zinc granules followed by dry oxidation process at 350, 450 and 550 °C. Characterization of the products with FESEM and TEM revealed that the structures obtained at 450 °C are mostly nanorods with diameters between 40 and 105 nm and lengths from 1 to 5 μm. One dimensional ZnO nanostructures such as ultra thin nanobelts, nanowires and nanorods were successfully synthesized at 550 °C, with lengths up to several micrometers. XRD patterns indicated that the structures are crystalline and that ZnO nanostructures grown at 550 °C are fully oxidized and are crystalline with wurtzite hexagonal structure. PL measurements were carried out at room temperature and they revealed that there are three band emissions; one sharp strong peak in the UV region and two weaker peaks in the visible region. A strong UV emission was observed in the spectra of the ZnO nanorods and nanowires which confirms the good optical properties of products. The PL spectra also exhibited a considerable shift toward the shorter wavelength in the UV region. It is clear that after the second annealing step photoluminescence of the 1D nanostructures, fabricated at 550 °C, have improved, especially in the UV region.
  • Vahid Ghafouri, Mohsen Shariati, Akbar Ebrahimzad
    ZnO nanowires with a diameter of 70 nm and nanorods with a diameter in the range of 100-150 nm and two micrometer in length were grown on glass substrates by resistive evaporation method and applying a two step oxidation process at low temperatures, without using any catalyst, template or buffer layer. XRD pattern of these nanostructures indicated a good crystallinity property with wurtzite hexagonal structure. Photoluminescence measurement revealed three band emissions; one sharp strong peak in the UV region and two weaker peaks in the visible region, indicate good optical properties of nanorods synthesized by this method. Heat treatment in oxygen-rich atmosphere results to decrease of deep-level emission intensity in the PL spectra. The relatively high intensity of UV emission implies that this approach is a simple and promising method for fabricating ZnO nanorods in order to be used in optoelectronic devices especially in the UV range of the spectrum.
    Keywords: ZnO Nanowires, Nanorod, Resistive Evaporation, Oxidation, Photoluminescence
  • محسن شریعتی، مهراب صادق نیا
    «امید»، از مسائل مهم و اساسی در عرصه فرد و اجتماع است و برای بسیاری از مسائل اجتماعی نقشی محوری دارد؛ و محرک ذاتی و اصلی زندگی و عامل پویایی روان انسان است.
    بدیهی است، موضوع امید در ادیان، مخصوصا ادیان ابراهیمی که داعیه اصلاح فرد و اجتماع را دارند، به نحو ویژه ای مطرح گردد، این امید در ادیان ابراهیمی در سه مقوله اصلی: امید به آینده، امید به آخرالزمان، و امید به آمدن منجی، قابل دسته بندی است. به عبارت دیگر، آموزه های دینی مرتبط با موضوع امید در ادیان ابراهیمی در جهت ایجاد امید در این سه محور می باشد:1٫ امید به آینده: این آموزه ها در صدد ایجاد روحیه امید به آینده و عدم یاس از وضعیت موجود است.
    2٫ امید به آخرالزمان: این دوره میعادگاه امید بشر و از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار است. در بخش اول آن، تاریکی و خطر و آسیب و در بخش دوم، سراسر نور و زیبایی و عدالت است.
    3٫ امید به آمدن منجی: این امید، بر آمدن فردی الاهی از نسل پاکان منطبق و متصور می گردد و نسبت به دو امید قبل از جایگاه ویژه ای برخوردار است؛ چون از طرفی مکمل مقوله امید است و از طرفی مهم ترین مصداق برای امید به آینده و آخرالزمان می باشد. امید به منجی است که پویایی و نشاط و معنابخشی در جامعه ایجاد می شود و پناهگاهی معنوی برای مردم و زمینه ساز رشد و تعالی بشر و محرکی برای نبرد با ظلم و ستم و انقلاب می گردد و تسکین دهنده ای قوی برای مصائب و مشکلات می باشد و طبعا از عوامل مهم انسجام اجتماعی به شمار می رود.
    بدیهی است هر کدام از ادیان که تصور واضح تری نسبت به امید و منجی ارائه کند، در رسیدن به کارکردهای فردی و اجتماعی موعود باوری، توفیق بیش تری (هم از لحاظ کمی و هم از لحاظ کیفی) می یابد. در این بین، مذهب شیعه، نسبت به مقوله امید نگرشی خاص و ویژه ارائه می کند که از همه ادیان و مذاهب متمایز است. این امید به آینده و آخرالزمان و منجی، در نگرش شیعی، در بسیاری از مسائل فردی و اجتماعی نقش محوری و کلیدی به خود گرفته است.
    کلید واژگان: امید, منجی, ادیان ابراهیمی, آخرالزمان, آینده, مسیحیت, یهودیت
    Mohsen Shariati, Mehr, Aacute, Aacute, Deqhniy, Aacute
    “Hope” is one important and key issue in the realm of individual and society and plays a central role in many social issues, and is the human’s innate and primary motive and the dynamics of human psyche. Obviously, the issue of hope in religions, especially Abrahamic religions which claim they reform individuals and society, is raised in a special way. Hope in Abrahamic religions is divided into three categories: hope to the future, hope to the Occultation period, and hope to the Savior to come. In other words, religious teachings related to the topic of hope in the Abrahamic religions along with thecreation of hope fall into three axes: 1. Hope to the future: these teachings seek to create a spirit of hope to the future and lack of despair from the present situation. 2. Hope to Apocalypse: this period is the tryst of human’s hope and has a special importance. In the first part, there is darkness, danger and harm and in the second section isthe light, beauty and justice. 3. Hope to the advent of the Savior: this hope is conformed and imagined with the advent of a Godly person and has a special place in comparison to the previous hopes, because at one hand, it is a supplement to the issue of hope and on the other hand is the most important instance of hope to the future and Apocalypse. It is the hope to the Savior which causes dynamism, vitality and meaningfulness in society and becomes a spiritual safe place for people and paves the ground for human growth and excellence and is the motive to fight oppression and revolution and is a powerful and strong soothing for the hardships and problems and is considered as one of the important factors in social cohesion. It is clear that each of the religions which offer a more clear image of hope and Savior is more successful in achieving individual and social functionalities of believing savior, both in terms of quality and quantity. Meanwhile, the Shia religion offers a special attitude toward hope which makes it distinct from all religions. The hope to the future, Apocalypse and the savior, in Shia point of view, has taken a key and central role in many of individual and social problems.
    Keywords: hope, Saviorm Abrahamic religions, Apocalypse, future, Christianity, Jewish
  • بیتا بزرگمهر، محسن شریعتی، واله هادوی، محمدحسن کریمی نژاد
    بیماری دیگو-ملکیور-کلاوزن یک دیسپلازی اسپوندیلواپی متافیزیال نادر با توارث اتوزوم مغلوب است. علائم این بیماری شامل عقب افتادگی ذهنی، کوتاهی قد، و کوتاهی قفسه سینه و اندام ها است. مطالعات پرتوشناختی در این بیماری درگیری ستون فقرات، اپی فیزها و متافیزها را نشان می دهد. جهش در ژن DMC مسؤول این بیماری است. در این گزارش، پسر 15 ساله ای با علائم کوتاهی قد، کوتاهی قفسه سینه، ناهنجاری های شاخص استخوانی و عقب افتادگی ذهنی معرفی می شود که فرزند دوم پدر و مادری خویشاوند و سالم است. سه دایی بیمار نیز دارای همین علایم بودند. بر اساس یافته های بالینی و پرتوشناختی بیماری دیگو-ملکیور-کلاوزن برای وی مطرح شد.
    کلید واژگان: کوتاهی قد, عقب افتادگی ذهنی, ناهنجاری های استخوانی, بیماری دیگو, ملکیور, کلاوزن
    Bita Bozorgmehr, Mohsen Shariati, Valeh Hadavi, Mohammad Hassan Kariminejad
    Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen (DMC) disease is a rare autosomal recessive spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia. The main features are short trunk dwarfism, short limbs, and mental retardation. Radiographs show characteristic abnormalities of the spine, epiphyses and metaphyses. Mutation in DMC gene has been found. A 15 year old boy referred to our genetic center with short trunk dwarfism, short limbs, characteristic radiographic findings and mental retardation. His parents are first cousin. He has three affected uncle with same features. We believe our patient is a new xase of Dyggve-Melchrior-Clausen disease.
بدانید!
  • در این صفحه نام مورد نظر در اسامی نویسندگان مقالات جستجو می‌شود. ممکن است نتایج شامل مطالب نویسندگان هم نام و حتی در رشته‌های مختلف باشد.
  • همه مقالات ترجمه فارسی یا انگلیسی ندارند پس ممکن است مقالاتی باشند که نام نویسنده مورد نظر شما به صورت معادل فارسی یا انگلیسی آن درج شده باشد. در صفحه جستجوی پیشرفته می‌توانید همزمان نام فارسی و انگلیسی نویسنده را درج نمایید.
  • در صورتی که می‌خواهید جستجو را با شرایط متفاوت تکرار کنید به صفحه جستجوی پیشرفته مطالب نشریات مراجعه کنید.
درخواست پشتیبانی - گزارش اشکال