mojtaba najafi

This paper mainly focuses on investigating a stochastic energy management approach to enhance reliability of the networked microgrids within a smart island. In this regard, a networked microgrid is considered in the smart island, which is integrated with a multi-energy hub (multi-EH) system aiming to simultaneously support the electrical, thermal, and water demands of the island, isolated from the main grid. The objective function is organized as the cost of operation and reliability of the networked microgrid and is solved using a modified bat algorithm. The uncertainty of stochastic parameters is modelled using the 2-m point estimate method, which has notable advantages in terms of accuracy and simplicity of implementation. Different scenarios are considered both in critical and normal conditions to evaluate the performance of the studied model. Both GAMS and MATLAB software’s were employed to study the proposed model. The proposed model improved the reliability of the networked microgrid system and results reveal that the proposed cooperative approach could decrease total operation and investment cost of the networked microgrid by 13%.

Language and culture, as well as their soft power, are key factors in the civilizational interactions between Iran and China, leading to mutual influence. Understanding culture is one of the main elements in recognizing the political, economic, and social dynamics of nations. Undoubtedly, ideology plays a significant role in the foreign policy strategies of both the People's Republic of China and the Islamic Republic of Iran. While Marxist ideology has an economic nature and rejects religious and metaphysical matters, the ideology of the Iranian Islamic Revolution, rooted in national and religious culture, incorporates metaphysical and religious dimensions.Iranians and Chinese share many cultural, historical, and civilizational similarities. The Silk Road stands as a pivotal historical point for both nations, significantly enhancing their cooperation. In fact, from ancient times to the present, the influence of Iranian and Chinese civilizations has been felt in various fields. Research and archaeological findings confirm that, alongside Sanskrit, the Persian language has had a profound impact on Chinese culture, especially among the country's Muslim ethnic minority, with traces of this influence still evident today. This article seeks to examine the relationship between these two civilizations and the role of language as a bridge between them, using a library-based research method that draws on archaeological, cultural, and ideological data from the most reliable Chinese texts.

Transmission Expansion planning (TEP) recommends the most beneficial investment to construct/ reinforce the power system. In this short or middle time planning the annual load growth of the power system must be met considering the stability, security and reliability of the network. In the competitive market the planners can include market behavior in the TEP to manage the congestion. Before traditional TEP, the local marginal pricing (LMP) is calculated offline without considering the dependency of the LMP to the network topology. But, the LMP is not constant during the TEP and must be included in the model dynamically. Here, the dynamic dependency of LMP to the transmission system topology is modelled as a single stage mixed-integer linear programming and solved by YALMIP and MOSEK software. The proposed model is more realistic; however, it takes more computation time. The single stage means the simultaneous calculation of LMPs and expansion planning in the model. The model has been applied to Garver 6-bus and the IEEE 24-bus network. The effect of interest rate, the load to generation capacity factor and load growth on the TEP model are analysed. The model considers the contingency of line outages and presents a robust solution to guarantee the system security. It offers flexible solutions with higher cost.

Culture is referred to as soft power in the terminology and the custom of international politics, because soft power is the ability to shape the preferences of others in a persuasive way. Recently, the arena of international relations is heavily influenced by cultural and identity factors. Therefore, gaining international reputation and credibility and influence in public opinion, and in other words, access to soft power, are among the imperative and at the same time unspecified goals of diplomacy of countries in their international policies and highly pursued based on the country’s status, situation, facilities, opportunities and cultural capacities in different ways and mechanisms. But the true sources of law are rooted in human culture, religion, race, language and civilization while formal sources only go through the legislative process. Due to existence of a single sovereignty, the sources of domestic law get regulated according to the social situations. However, in international law, we are facing different governments and sovereignties.In addition, the role of language in Islamic civilization is to create a "civilizational validity realm". This role has been realized both in internal civilization and in relations with the external surrounding areas (especially in international relations in the last two centuries). The functions of the cultural validity scope pf language in creating intersubjective understanding in Islamic civilization while linguistic pluralism exists, facilitating scientific communication within the Islamic Ummah, being at the center of confrontation and competition with Western civilization in the recent century are among the most significant evidence that are examined and reviewed here in this study.In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the position and role of cultural and linguistic influences internationally and its impact on the process of global developments.

The Iranian Echis Carinatus (IEC) venom is an exclusive natural source of bio-substances for a wide range of purposes in the blood coagulation cascade. The present study for the first time was aimed to assess novel pro-coagulant, anti-coagulant and anti-platelet proteins, named EC1.5 (a), EC5.1 (b) and EC4 (a) from Iranian Echis Carinatus (IEC) venom.These peptides were purified by multi-step chromatography methods. Hematological properties were measured using activated clotting tests, platelet aggregation studies, and hemorrhage assessment. Subsequently, these proteins were identified through both their intact molecular mass and peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Multiple sequence alignments were performed by ClustalW, Bioedit software. Molegro Data Modeller (MDM) 3.0 software was used to predict the putative tertiary structure of proteins.EC1.5 (a), a single-band protein with a molecular mass of 66 and 55 kDa, was observed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a reduced and non-reduced state, respectively. Based on the Mascot results, we considered that EC1.5 (a) is a metalloproteinase of group ΙΙ which exhibited potent pro-coagulant activity. It is predicted that the EC1.5 (a) with hemorrhagic activity, potentially is a metalloproteinase/disintegrin region that constitutes the disintegrin-like domains. Our findings demonstrate that the disintegrin domain of EC1.5 (a) lacks platelet aggregation inhibitory activity. On the contrary, this factor shows the property of a platelet aggregation inducer. Also, the EC5.1 (b) was observed as a single-band protein with a molecular mass of 7.5 kDa. EC5.1 (b) showed both anti-coagulant and anti-platelet properties. Additionally, the structure of the EC5.1 (b) fraction is expected to be similar to that of phospholipase A2, while EC4 (a) structure is potentially very similar to that of Echistatin with 5 kDa molecular mass. We introduce the predicted structure of P-II snake venom metalloproteinase/ disintegrin domains, phospholipase A2 and Echistatin-like fractions. Further research is therefore needed to determine the complete structure of these novel fractions and elucidate their mechanism of action and future therapeutic applications of cardiovascular and homeostasis disorders.

Myostatin gene is an inhibitor of skeletal muscle developmentmutations in its coding regionpromotesmuscle growth in some breeds, mutation of the myostatin gene has a significant effect on the increase of the body weight and carcass traits. This study was aimed to investigate the polymorphisms in exon 3 of the myostatin gene and evaluate investigation of body weights and carcass traits measured by ultrasound in Kurdi sheep.

In this study, back fat thickness and loin muscel area traits were measured by ultrasound instrument. Blood samples were collected randomly from 139 Kurdi sheep and following DNA extraction, a 388 bp fragment from exon 3 of myostatin gene was amplified. For genotyping of myostatin gene, PCR-SSCP, PCR-RFLP, and direct sequencing techniques were used. To determine the fixed effects of gender, birth type and birth year on the studied traits, GLM procdure of SAS software was used. Least square means comparison of different fixed effects subclasses was carried out by Tukey-Kramer test at 5% probability level. To measure the relationships between tarits, pearson correlation was used.

In PCR-RFLP technique, after enzymatic digestion of all samples, only one genotype was observed and this locus was monomorphic. PCR-SSCP analysis showed two band patterns A and B, which were very similar in shape. Therefore, to determine the actual genotype, some samples with different band patterns were evaluated by direct sequencing technique. The results showed that there is no polymorphism among samples. The mean ultrasonic fat thickness and loin muscle area in this study were 0.46 cm and 7.78 cm2, respectively, with an average body weight of 43.42 kg at the time of ultrasonography. The correlation between the two ultrasound carcass traits (UBF and UMA) was positive (r=0.84, P<0.0001). The lowest correlation coefficient of carcass fat thickness and ocular muscle area with the studied traits were 0.02 and 0.3, for birth weight and weaning traits, respectively. The highest correlation coefficient of the studied traits with carcass fat thickness and loin muscle area were 0.82 and 0.87 for body weight at the time of ultrasonography and middle tail width, respectively (P=0.001).

In this study, using PCR-SSCP, PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing, only one genotype was detected in the myostatin gene. Considering that various studies have introduced the mutated allele of the myostatin gene as an effective allele on the double muscling for breeding and improving the quality and quantity of meat, the studied herd did not have the allele. Considering the relatively suitable diversity observed in the studied traits, especially the carcass traits measured by ultrasound, there will be a possiblity to improve the traits through selection.

Tourism, especially cultural tourism, has attracted the attention of policymakers as an influential phenomenon in the development of countries and advancing infrastructure through job creation and export earnings. On one hand, since cultural tourism is a type of tourism activity in which the visitor's essential motivation is to learn, discover, experience and consume attractions, tangible and intangible cultural products in a tourist destination, and these attractions and products relate to a set of distinct material, intellectual, spiritual and emotional features of a society, value systems, beliefs and traditions which include art and architecture, historical and cultural heritage, literature, music, creative industries and living cultures with their lifestyles, special attention to this field is essential to introduce Society and soft cultural influence in other societies.
On the other hand, today mass media have a big influence on citizens and societies, and as a result, they have a lot to affect different fields. Politics is the field where power conflicts manifest, and diplomacy is the main tool of foreign policy and represents broader goals and strategies that leads a government's interactions with the other parties in the world. By linking these two concepts, the issue of the use of media by leaders and diplomats in order to analyze and promote diplomacy and foreign policy is formed, which is referred to as media diplomacy.
Taking the capacities of this new tool in developing and implementing the adopted policies, especially in the field of cultural tourism, which is the subject matter of this article, as well as some decisions in determining the policies of policy makers and correcting mistakes in execution, can be very helpful. This research has been done through a library study using the most authentic sources and based on case study method.

In mystical works, resurrection has five types and levels, and among them, minor and major resurrection has been mentioned as two types of mystical resurrection. But the resurrection of the soul is realized in the form of voluntary death and the appearance of purgatory truths for the seeker before complete annihilation and attainment of God. The study of this type of resurrection in the teachings of Ahl al-Bayt (PBUH) and including Imam Sadegh (PBUH) is the concern of this research. Because the retrieval of mystical claims in the Qur'an and Sunnah both increases the validity of these claims and reveals these facts as the main origin of Islamic mysticism. The data of the research show that in the statements of that Imam, both the explicit value of attaining the status of "voluntary death" and "Wakbar's average jihad" and then "Wakbar's average death" as a necessary prelude to achieve this Therefore, as stated in this study, part of the teachings of Imam Sadegh (as) deals with the issue of minor resurrection or voluntary death, and in some of these narrations explicitly ordered to try to achieve voluntary death and achieve its effects and perfection. Has been.

With the expansion of renewable energy resources and the reduction of the power system total inertia, the problem of providing the primary frequency response (PFR) has been raised. Other methods were welcomed. The issue of generation/transmission expansion planning must also adapt to these methods. Therefore, in this paper, a model of generation/transmission expansion planning is presented in which each of the renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power plants has virtual inertia. So, they can participate in the primary frequency response. Moreover, Frequency security margin constraints are also included in the issue. Frequency security margin is the maximum allowable and tolerable unbalance between the generation and consumption power of the network which can lead to more accurate expansion planning than other PFR-based method, if considered. Compared to the traditional method, the network's tolerance to sudden events has increased, which has certainly can be achieved at a higher cost than the traditional one. The IEEE-RTS96 network was used to verify the proposed model. The results show a percentage increase in cost compared to the traditional method, and an increase in network frequency security margin. The combination of YALMIP and MOSEK software has been used to solve the mixed integer linear programming model, which have shown its superiority in solving these models.

In the present study, Micro-capsulated fish oil omega-3 fatty acids and Lactobacillus Plantarum produced by electrostatic interaction coacervation was investigated in three biopolymer formulations.

Three biopolymer formulations of fish gelatin-gum Arabic, fish gelatin–chitosan, and gum Arabic-gelatin were used to study the effect of wall materials. Also, we investigated the effect of wall-to-core materials ratio at 2: 1, 3: 1, and 4: 1 and homogenizer speeds of 3500 and 7000 rpm.

The results of the microencapsulation efficiency of omega-3 fatty acids showed that treatment 12 had the highest yield (96.26 ± 0.19). It contained a biopolymer mixture containing gelatin-chitosan which surrounded a high percentage of omega-3, while the amount of omega-3 on the surface of the capsule was very low. Also, treatment 6 containing gelatin wall materials and gum Arabic had a high ability to surround bacteria and compared to free bacteria, the bacterial mortality rate was lower when exposed to simulated gastric conditions. In addition, after being in the simulated intestinal condition, the number of bacteria increased after 120 minutes that shows the capsule has released its compounds in alkaline conditions of the intestine.

This study showed that using the combined coacervation technique using fish gelatin biopolymers, chitosan, and gum Arabic as wall materials, can produce omega-3 capsules and Lactobacillus Plantarum in micrometer sizes. They can play a protective role in preventing the oxidation of probiotic and omega-3 bacteria.

Islamic civilization has had a great and different impact on the world. If it were not for Islamic sciences, the evolution of science in the world would be very different from what it is now, and this is especially important through Persian culture and language. This article, while examining Islamic civilization, deals with the issue of whether the Persian language culture, which according to the Supreme Leader of the Revolution "our national identity is our language and script" has been influential in different nations, has been researched by many researchers; Many have changed the Persian language culture as a souvenir of the West and in some articles have condemned the Persian language for mixing and trading with other languages. The certainty of the production of science in Islamic civilization proves that Muslims combined the pure achievements of previous civilizations with Islamic teachings and, while making significant scientific advances, became the basis for the creation of European and Western civilization. In this article, the author expresses the influence of Persian culture and language in different nations by using library resources and by studying the works of researchers.

The venom of Echis carinatus contains both procoagulant and anticoagulant components that can either promote or block the blood coagulation cascade, and some of these components affect platelet function in different ways.

The present study focuses on setting up a procedure for the purification of crude venom and designing appropriate clotting tests in order to characterize the procoagulant and anticoagulant fractions of E. carinatus venom.

Chromatographic methods, including gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), were applied for purifying these fractions. Coagulant activity testing, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were used to determine procoagulant and anticoagulant properties. For measuring molecular weight, 15% SDS-PAGE electrophoresis with a molecular weight standard ranging from 6.5 to 200 kDa was used.

We obtained five fractions named F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5. The F1 and F2 fractions showed procoagulant activity, and the F5 fraction had anticoagulant activity. The molecular weight of F2.4.2 from fraction F2 and F5.1 from fraction F5 were analyzed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis under the reducing condition. These factors were identified as a single protein band at the end of purification. The molecular weights of these purified fractions were estimated to be 7.5 kDa and 38 kDa for F5.1(b) and F2.4.2(b), respectively.

Our findings suggest an efficient and suitable procedure for the identification and purification of the procoagulant and anticoagulant factors of the venom of Iranian E. carinatus using the PT and APTT assays.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on power demand has been studied in some countries. In this study, we investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on power demand in Tehran, Iran. Hence, power demand variations between 2016 and 2020 are investigated in this research. Results indicate that the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on power demand vary from month to month and day to day, depending on various factors such as government limitations and the COVID-19 mortality. It is observed that power demand annual growth is changed during both the COVID-19 pandemic and financial crisis. For instance, the average power demand growth in 2020 is 1.03%, while was 4.96% in 2019. Also, most power demand forecasting algorithms have been developed for the normal situation; therefore, we introduce two forecasting algorithms to forecast power demand. The first algorithm is developed based on the principal component regression (PCR), and the second is developed based on the twin support vector machine and quantile regression (TWSVQR). The PCR is selected due to its simplicity and high performance. The proposed PCR model considers daily, annual, and biennial power demand variation rates. The advantage of the TWSVQR method is that it is so accurate, requires a small training dataset, considers various factors for forecasting power demand, and is robust against outlier data. Finally, we investigate our proposed algorithms to forecast power demand in Tehran. Results illustrate proposed algorithms can predict power demand

Al-Mustafa International University, as one of the most basic Shia centers, the hub of disseminating Islamic culture around the world, and as a cradle for students who work as preachers and educators of the high teachings of Islam in different countries after they are graduated, runs its special educational system. To achieve its goals and based upon the daily needs, it’s imperative for this educational center to train more and more students who are well-educated and able to answer the questions raised by those interested in Islamic studies worldwide; therefore, it is inevitable to produce Islamic resources in foreign languages. Having centers in different countries, Al-Mustafa is one of the most pivotal centers of the Islamic Education which according to the decrees of the “second step of the revolution declaration” and its emphasis on the role of the seminary, has a heavy mission in implementing the teachings of the supreme leader. Hence, in addition to improving domestic seminaries and Islamic and human sciences, it must strive to promote dissemination of Islamic aspirations and teachings in the global arena. One of the problems of the courses that MIU students face is the elongated study time, as a result of which is a decrease in quality of education. Providing a solution that on the one hand pays attention to raising the scientific level of courses and optimizing the transfer of concepts, and on the other hand reduces the study time and promotes students scientifically, will help in acceptance of these courses and promotes scientific level of students. Therefore, in the forthcoming research, a proposal is offered which is based on knowing educational styles and their suitability with abilities and capabilities of the students. It concludes that classification of the individuals based on individual similarities and applying special educational methods proportionate to identical personality types, in addition to reducing study time, will be a new gift in seminary education.

Transmission network development is one of the most important parts of the power system that determines the optimal configuration for the network based on load demand. Expansion of transmission lines is not always cost effective; For this reason, with the growth of demand and shortage of energy resources, Planning of Demand Response has received special attention. In this paper, the role of microgrids as an alternative solution for transmission network development is investigated and a proposed method for modeling microgrids in the capacity market is presented as a solution to the transmission network development planning problem. The results show that the addition of microgrids causes reduction in transmission network development costs. In addition, the addition of microgrids causes a slight increase in the profitability of selling capacity to consumers. These results prove that by continuing to grow the number and capacity of microgrids in each area, it is possible to ultimately eliminate the need for transmission network development and reduce the market cost of capacity to zero.

The purpose of the economic load distribution problem is to find a suitable design for the output of power plants in order to supply the consumption load in a certain time horizon, so that it ensures that the proposed design will meet the load demand at an acceptable level of reliability. With the advent of energy management and power consumption methods, the load growth trend has decreased, but there is still a need to optimize the issues of optimal operation in the production, transmission and distribution networks to supply and transfer power from producers to consumers. Therefore, solving the problem of economic load distribution in an optimal way and at an acceptable level of reliability is essential. The main purpose of this issue is to reduce operating costs. Operating costs include the cost of operating power plants and maintaining the network. In addition to cost, there are other goals such as network reliability that have not been carefully and seriously examined, so this article examines these goals. In this paper, a safe multi-objective optimization framework for dispatching power plants is presented. Cost minimization, redistributed energy were considered as optimization objective functions.

The emergency demand response program (EDRP) is a type of program that can be utilized as a tool for controlling the price of electricity when there is a lack of reliability in the distribution system. In this study, a formulation is proposed for determining the optimum amount of demands in the EDRP according to the viewpoints of the regional market manager (RMM) aimed at reducing the EDRP costs and smoothening the load curve based on the logarithmic model and the matrix of demand elasticity. The probability that the aggregators should present their available reserves to the RMM in response to the received incentives has also been included in the proposed formulations. The market manager then prioritizes the available reserves using the reserve-margin factor (RMF). Three algorithms including co-evolutionary particle swarm optimization (C-PSO), co-evolutionary teaching learning-based optimization (C-TLBO) and co-evolutionary improved teaching learning-based optimization (C-ITLBO) are used for reducing the EDRP costs. The results show that the proposed formulations are effective in improving the economic performance of the regional market and the load curve. Furthermore, the results indicate the superiority of the C-ITLBO algorithm in terms of the total cost, incentive rate and peak shaving in comparison with C-PSO and C-TLBO algorithms.

Away to decrease the costs of generation and improve the performance of the grid generator, solving the problem of OPF based on line congestion management. As the power flow equation is nonlinear, this paper has performed the PSO algorithm to solve the OPF problem. By considering two technique this paper has performed the PSO algorithm for improving the performance. The first technique is to use a chaos generator to prevent PSO particles from sticking to local minimum points and the second is to consider the GSF in the WPSO algorithm structure so that the power passing through network lines can be simultaneously calculated and real power flow. Finally, the result of  WPSO-GSF algorithm which includes the bus voltage values, line losses, injection power to b buses, power passing through lines, total generation cost, setting electricity prices in two ways, UMP or LMP, depending on filling line capacity and calculating generatorschr('39') profits has carried out .and also, to check the accuracy of the algorithm, the proposed method has been tested on IEEE 14-BUS, 30-BUS, 57-BUS standard networks, the results which indicate an increase in the speed and accuracy of the WPSO-GSF algorithm compared to other methods in improving the OPF problem.

In this paper, a method is presented to maximize the revenue from price difference due to the presence of storage systems in the power system with a high penetration level of wind resources. To account for price changes due to the profitability of price differences, a two-level model is presented that maximizes the earnings from price differences and has been carried out at a low level of market-clearing procedure. The high level uses low-level production prices and adjusts the storage outputs that affect the low-level price. Conversion techniques have been used for single-line programming with respect to system balance constraints. In order to check the performance, the proposed method will be implemented on the IEEE 118 bus test network. Analyzing the results revealed that the proposed method has improved significantly compared with the traditional method and has been able to achieve higher arbitrage income. By applying a two-level model can soften clearly the marginal price by lowering the price at peak times and raising it at non-peak times and the storage’s charging power of the traditional model is much lower than that of the two-level model at low marginal hours. The results show that proposed algorithms can increase revenue from traditional to two-level models from $ 43280 to $ 65700, respectively.

There is an increasing trend in consideration of the electricity-supply quality in modern power systems. One of the quality-related aspects is the desired level of reliability at the points of electrical-energy consumption or load points. In this regard, the system operator needs to evaluate the impact of system components on the reliability at the considered load points. “Reliability importance” is a quantitative index in order to measure this impact. The reliability importance measure in most of the conventional methods is on the basis of the risk sensitivity analysis. Such an analysis imposes prohibitive computational burden in large power systems. Considering these points, this paper proposes an approach to evaluate the reliability importance which is not suffered from the immense computational burden. The proposed method determines reliability importance of the electrical-energy producers or generators from the consumers or load points perspective in a selected area of the power system. In order to do so, generators are ranked according to their impact on the mentioned area. This impact is measured on the basis of the effect of generators on power-flows in the lines which cross boundary of the selected area. Capacity and unavailability of the generators are also considered in the ranking calculations. Applicability and computational efficiency of the proposed method is validated through studies conducted on two test systems.

In this paper, a multidisciplinary Security-Constrained Unit Commitment on a linear AC power flow model using Transmission Switching and Dynamic Line Rating (DLR). Today SCUC is one of the most important issues in the optimal and safe operation of modern electricity markets. This paper presents an improved linear AC power flow model using Transmission Switches (TS) and considering it as a network security constraint with a multi-objective framework for simultaneously applying two objective functions, including minimizing the total operating cost and Minimizing emission of pollutants is provided. Dynamics Thermal Line Rating (DTLR) (with climatic conditions) into the Security-Constrained Unit Commitment using Transmission Switching system, in addition to reducing the Switching and extending the life of the circuit-breaker reduces the cost of operation significantly. In this way, the cost of operating in the DTLR mode is significantly reduced compared to the SLR mode. In order to demonstrate the performance of this model, the proposed method is implemented on the 6- IEEE Bus system using the Gams software.

This paper presents the optimal and intelligent design of photovoltaic-wind-hydrogen system with the aim of minimizing the overall cost of the system and considering the reliability constraints based on annual radiation and wind speed data in Bushehr city. The hydrogen storage system includes an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank and a fuel cell. Overall costs of hybrid systems include initial investment costs, maintenance and operation and replacement of components, and reliability constraint indicate deficit load demand probability (DLDP). In this study, the decision variables were optimized system capacity including number of solar panels, wind turbine, electrolyzer power capacity, mass of hydrogen storage tank, fuel cell capacity and power transfered with inverter by Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm that has high convergence speed and accuracy. System design is presented in different scenarios of hybrid system combinations. To verify the proposed method, the results are compared with the results of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The simulation results show that the GWO method performs better in design of optimization with lower overall cost and better DLDP than the PSO in different combinations. The results show that photovoltaic -hydrogen storage due to the low wind speed potential in Bushehr city is the optimal combination based on cost and reliability for load supply based on renewable resources hybrid systems. In addition, the results show that the use of higher efficiency inverters reduces energy production costs and improves load reliability. In addition, the results indicate that the outage of renewable units in the design problem has a significant effect on system cost and reliability.

In this paper, in order to fault locate in the transmission network, a discrete wavelet transform is used to extract the fault characteristics from the zero sequence current, in order to train the artificial neural network. Initially, Fortescue transform, the zero-sequence current seen from both terminals is calculated. By the wavelet transform of the high-frequency information stored in the horizontal component of zero-sequence current from both terminals, and finally by calculating the stored energy in the horizontal components, as well as extracting the maximum scale of horizontal component, we can identify certain features of fault that are suitable for training the neural network. The simulation results show that the horizontal components maximum scale as well as the energy stored in these components strongly depend on the fault resistance, type of fault and fault location. Therefore, educational data should be selected to make these changes well so that the neural network does not suffer from its diagnosis. Finally, the proposed method is implemented on the test grid whose results show the performance of the method with overall accuracy of 98.6% and maximum estimation error of 0.1666%.

Lipopolysaccharide is a component of outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria involved in the pathogenic process leading to mastitis and metritis in dairy cattle. Additionally, LPS could be caused endometrium inflammation and implantation failure in many animal species. Based on economic importance of these diseases in dairy cattle industry, analysis of differential gene expression (DGE) and also detection of related pathways in LPS challenge using transcriptome analysis is essential in understanding the mechanism of process. In the present study, after separation of endometrial epithelial cells, and expose them with different doses of LPS (0, 2 and 8 mg/ml), total RNA was extracted and was used for transcriptome libraries preparation. In general, 12 samples (four samples per cow) were sequenced by high throughput technology from three Swedish Red breed cows. The DGE and also biological pathways were identified. The results of present study showed that 2035 genes differentially were expressed between control and treated groups which 752 genes involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis pathway. Additionally, the results of counted epithelial cells have shown that LPS could be significantly increased cell proliferation. Biological pathway analysis showed that some signaling pathways related to immune system such as Toll-like receptor, T cell receptor, MAPK signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathways, endometrial cancer pathway and also apoptosis and cell proliferation signaling pathways involved in this challenge. According to our knowledge, this study is the first research that has been done in bovine endometrial epithelial cells which can increase our understanding related to the mechanisms of inflammations caused by uterine infections in dairy cattle.

Background and Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, impaired insulin secretion or peripheral insulin resistance. Today, many herbal medicines are used in treatment of diabetes. Recently anti-diabetic properties of resveratrol are reported in some studies, but none have evaluated its anti-neuropathy properties and it's effect on Sirt1 gene expression. The aim of this research was to investigate the anti-diabetic and anti-neuropathy properties of resveratrol in mice.
BALB/c mice were divided into 6 groups (n=6 per group). A single dose of 200mg/kg subcutaneous injection of STZ was used to induce diabetes in all groups, except in negative controls which received normal saline. Treatment groups received metformin 300mg/kg and resveratrol 200mg/kg orally by gavage for 21 days. Then, their weight and blood sugar levels were determined and neuropathy test was conducted by hot plate apparatus. After killing and removing their livers and RNA extraction, Sirt1 gene expression was assayed by Real-time PCR.
According to the findings, resveratrol significantly reduced blood sugar level and improved peripheral neuropathy which were comparable with metformin (P Based on these results, resveratrol could be used alongside other treatments of diabetes to decrease the degree of insulin resistance and neuropathy.