mojtaba rahmanian

In the works of philosophers, the existing division of beings into immaterial and material ones has been done based on different criteria. Peripatetic scholars consider material beings ascribed to prime matter. Although some philosophers, like Sheikh Ishraq, who deny the existence of prime matter, believe in both immaterial and material beings, they maintain that the criterion of this division is not the prime matter but other things such as impotentiality and potentiality, denying and acceptance of sensible indication, and absence and presence. Mulla Sadra has also used these criteria in the division of beings into immaterial and material. In this research, by descriptive-analytical method, we have shown the inefficiency of these criteria, and, relying on Mulla Sadra's views and principles, we have shown equality of existence with the immateriality based on the principles of transcendent wisdom.

The discussion of the philosophical first and secondary intelligibles place in issues about science but it has been raised more as ontological point of view among Muslim scholars and they had the concern of determining of how these terms were applied. Almost all the philosophers before Mulla Sadra made the external fulfilment of these concepts impossible and believed that when one of these concepts is applied to an external thing, there is actually a relationship between a mental and an external matter, but Mulla Sadra believes that the connection between the mental and the external matter is impossible and both sides of the connection must be realized in the realm of the realization of connection and qualification. If the qualification is in the mind, the sides must be in mind and if the qualification is in outside, the sides must be outside.