فهرست مطالب mojtaba rezaee

Applying organic production measures and methods at the orchard level requires changing the behavior of farmers. The purpose of the present study was to explain the behavioral intention of organic pistachio production at the level of 4831 pistachio workers in the central part of Ardakan county of Yazd province by using the developed theory of planned behavior and technology acceptance by adding the variable of knowledge of organic cultivation. This research is practical in terms of purpose and quantitative research in terms of research design. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula of 356 people and using stratified sampling method with proportional assignment, people were selected and studied. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS22 and SmartPLS2 software. The validity of the questionnaire was determined through face validity by a panel of experts as well as diagnostic validity. Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability were used to calculate the reliability of the research tool, which was obtained above 0.7. The research results showed that the subjective norm variable (β=0.265) is the only factor in the behavioral intention to use organic pistachio production methods. The highest frequency of organic production knowledge variable is good (45.5 percent), behavioral intention variable is poor (83.7 percent), perceived behavior control variables (41.3 percent), attitude (40.4 percent) and mental norm. (37.4 percent) was medium level. Based on the findings of this research, it was suggested that in order to reduce the gap between knowledge and behavioral intention, the extension unit should design organic pistachio production training courses in such a way as to facilitate the application of these types of methods and its management at the garden level to be noticed by pistachio farmers.

Drought stress is a limiting factor for growth in crops. Water and nitrogen relationships in the crop change in drought stress. The role of nitrogen in plant response during drought stress depends on the stress intensity and fertilizer level. Plants with relatively high nitrogen availability show better growth compared to plants with low nitrogen in drought stress. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to investigate the effect of drought stress and different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on morphological and physiological traits in two rice cultivars.

The present study was conducted in Rasht in 2017 and 2018. The experimental design was split plot plot arrangement in randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental factors were drought stress (main factor) at three levels (continuous submergence, 7 and 14 days irrigation interval), N fertilizer (sub factor) in three levels (50, 75 and 100 kg ha-1) and sub sub factor in two levels (cv. Hashemi, Gilaneh). The size of the experimental units was 9 m-2 (plot dimensions 3 × 3). To control weeds, butachlor herbicide (3 L ha-1) was used after planting and manual weeding. To calculate the maximum leaf area index, 10 days after transplanting, 7 sampling steps were performed every 10 days until the harvest stage and in each sampling, four mounds from each floor plot and total leaf area were determined. To determine the dry matter, sampling was done in the complete ripening stage after removing the margins from the middle rows of plots and all one square meter plants were harvested. The samples were placed separately in an oven at 75 ° C for 72 hours and then weighed and recorded.

Results showed that the impact of year and on shoot height, flag leaf length and width, RWC, SPAD and k were not significant but on LAImax, total dry matter were significant. Impact of drought stress × N fertilizer × cultivar on RWC, SPAD and k were significant. Impact of year × drought stress × N fertilizer × cultivar on LAImax and total dry matter were significant (p<0.01). Shoot height, LAImax, total dry matter, flag leaf length and width, RWC, SPAD were decreased by drought stress and were improved by increase of N fertilizer consumption under the three condition of drought stress. The lowest k (0.14) was obtained in continuous submergence and consumption of 100 kg ha-1 N fertilizer, which was same in two cultivars. The highest total dry matter accumulation (803.3 g m-2 in 2017 and 760.7 g m-2 in 2018) was obtained in Gilaneh with consumption of 100 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer in continuous submergence. The highest number of SPAD in flooding with 51.8 with 100 kg of pure nitrogen per hectare in Gilaneh cultivar and the lowest with 50 kg of nitrogen fertilizer per hectare in 14 days irrigation cycle and in Gilaneh cultivar (27.65) was obtained. Hashemi cultivar showed the highest plant height (131.1 cm) in flood irrigation and the lowest plant height in 14 day irrigation (131.6 cm). Gilaneh cultivar, similar to Hashemi cultivar, showed the highest height (110.5 cm) in flood irrigation and the lowest height (100.6 cm) in 14 day irrigation.

Drought stress showed adverse effects on morphological and physiological traits, while the application of 100 kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer compared to the other levels improve these traits in both cultivars stress and not-stress, and produce more dry matter in both years of study. Therefore, when there is not enough water for irrigation, it is possible to moderate the effects of water stress by using the optimal amount of nitrogen fertilizer. It can help to produce more dry matter and achieve higher yield.

The occurrence of abnormal incidents, such as accidents, fires, landslides, falling structures, etc., hascaused a lot of life and financial losses due to different reasons and lack of planning in a timely manner. In themeantime, schools are considered as educational places and environments for the development of the country’s futuretalent, and due to high population density, they are considered to be places of high importance. Safety and disastermanagement is one of the key issues in risk management and human resource and material resources, according towhich the managers of the organization should try to keep the environment of their forces out of any danger. The occurrenceof bad disasters in the country’s schools shows that safety and related issues are not being actively pursuedand a review of the existing safety management approach for schools is an essential requirement. There is some weaknessin the incident command system (ICS) for schools which must to be surveyed. The aim of this research is analysisthe weakness and complexity system of making decision in schools incident command system. A quantitative contentanalysis is use to extract the influence factors for failures in incident command system. Then, try to determine thespecific causes of the failures in such introduced systems by a fault tree analysis method. It is concluded that a nativeconceptual model might be considered as sustainable development model in such system.

Electrostatic micro-sensors as a part of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) play an important role in modern technology. So, precise modeling and suitable solutions for solving the governing mechanical and vibrational equations of them are of great importance. Due to the nonlinear nature of the electrostatic excitation, numerical methods are used to solve the governing equations. This paper presents a comparison between two Galerkin-based approaches to solve them. In the first approach, as used by many researchers in the literature, both sides of the equations are multiplied with the denominator of the electrical force term and then the Galerkin method is applied, whereas in the second approach, we apply direct Galerkin method to solve the equation. As a case study the nonlocal elasticity theory has been used to obtain the governing equation. The results show that for a given beam, although the both approaches predict same pull-in voltage in most cases, but the first approach cannot predict the pull-in instability in some cases and also misses some fixed points. So, the bifurcation diagrams and phase portraits have different quality in the two approaches. Also, the results show that the singular point which is the position of the substrate plate, acts as a strong attractor in the phase diagrams which the first approach is unable to predict it.

The aim of this study is to assess the consequences of coincidence of water and salinity stress on yield of a popular local rice variety. A factorial pot experiment using a randomized complete blocks design with three replications was carried out at the Rice Research Institute of Iran, Rasht. Five different levels of water salinity and five irrigation regimes were considered in this study i.e. water salinity treatment: fresh water (1 dS/m, as control), 2, 4, 6 and 8 dS/m and irrigation regimes: full irrigation, AWD (Alternative Wetting and Drying), and irrigation at 100, 90 and 80 percent of field capacity (FC). Yield and yield components were determined at the end of the season. The result showed that salinity stress has a severe effect on rice yield and yield components. The results showed that when the irrigation water salinity is lower than 1 dS/m, intermittent irrigation is relevant.