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pesplanus is one of the changes that brings about changes in muscle activation patterns. Being aware of muscles activity changes in various standing positions among pesplanus patients provides insights into preventing lower extremity injuries in this population. The aim of this study was to compare leg muscles electromyography during various standing positions in pesplanus and normal subjects.
60 healthy male university students, 30 subjects with pesplanus deformity (with average age 23/54±3/57 year, average height 175/34±7/62 cm, average weight 74/87±10/72 kg ) and 30 normal subjects (with average age 22/97±2/38 year, average height 176/6±5/59 cm, average weight 73/58±8/36 kg ) participated in this comparative study. Deformity of pesplanus was assessed with navicular drop test. Each subject performed single-leg landing dropping from 30cm height onto a force platform where muscles activity was recorded with EMG device. For data analysis, Matlab and Spss softwares were used and independent sample t-test was used to compare the dependent variables at a significance level of P &le 0/05.
Significant differences were observed between the two groups for the activities of the longus peroneus and anterior tibialis muscles ( p&le0/05) while no significant differences were observed in other muscles.
The changes in the normal structure of the foot might affect muscle activities during standing, which can cause changes in the injury patterns. Therefore, it is proposed that focusing on corrective exercises and therapy plan can reduce these risks.

Variations in lower limb structure can cause movement dysfunction and gait impairment. Since, pescavus and planus are common disorders of the foot; we decided to compare the electromyography of the leg muscles of men with pesplanus and pescavus during gait by using forceplate and EMG. In this semi-experimental study, 30 subjects were assigned randomly to pescavus, planus and rectus groups. Five forward walking trials were recorded for each subject (measured by forceplates embedded in the walkway). We used matlab and SPSS software for data analysis. P=0.05 was considered significant. To compare the variables between the groups, we used one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests. EMG activities of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles in stance phase between the 3 groups did not show any significant differences (P>0.05), but the activity of the fibularislongus muscle during the first double stance and second double stance showed significant differences between the groups(P<0.05). Also, we found significant differences between the groups in relation to the activity of the tibialis anterior muscle during the whole stance phase (P<0.05). The changes in the normal structure of the foot might affect the function of the muscles during daily and sport activities that can cause changes in the pattern of injuries. This study can help better organization of the rehabilitation programs and activities for those with abnormal foot types.

Background and Pes cavus and pes planus are common foot abnormalities and posture plays an important role in this concern. The aim of this study was to analyze the dynamic posture in male with pes cavus and pes planus in gait analysis by a force plate and compare that with male with pes rectus. In this semi-practical study, 30 men were divided into three groups including pes cavus, pes planus and pes rectus (n=10 per group). The subjects were recruited based on their availability. The Navicular drop test was used to screen the foot type. The subjects performed five walking trails across two platforms, which were embedded in a 10m walkway. The data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD Post-hoc test was used to investigate the significance of the differences. During second double support, significant differences were found between the subjects in pes planus and pes rectus and pes cavus and pes rectus in anterior-posterior and mediolateral directions (P<0.05). However, the mean position and velocity of the COP position in the first double support and single support in the mentioned directions were not significant (P>0.05). Mal-anatomical changes of foot may change the dynamic posture during daily activities, which can cause different injuries. The data of this study could help in performing better rehabilitation and corrective programs for people with foot abnormalities.