n. farsi

Despite the advantages of the plastic limit analysis of structures, this robust method suffers from some drawbacks such as intense computational cost. Through two recent decades, metaheuristic algorithms have improved the performance of plastic limit analysis, especially in structural problems. Additionally, graph theoretical algorithms have decreased the computational time of the process impressively. However, the iterative procedure and its relative computational memory and time have remained a challenge, up to now. In this paper, a metaheuristic-based artificial neural network (ANN), which is categorized as a supervised machine learning technique, has been employed to determine the collapse load factors of two-dimensional frames in an absolutely fast manner. The numerical examples indicate that the proposed method's performance and accuracy are satisfactory.

Pigmented Bowens disease is an in situ squamous cell carcinoma, which is seldom reported in white patients. Herein we report a 20-year-old woman with type III skin, who had this lesion on the fourth finger of her right hand, similar to superficial malignant melanoma, clinically. Although dermoscopic evaluation could be helpful, correct diagnosis of non-melanotic origin is done by histological examination. In spite of its rarity, pigmented Bowens disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of malignant melanoma.