فهرست مطالب n. gheshlaghi

Covid- 19 pandemic has caused challenges in Health higher education system. In order to manage these challenges, policies have been recommended, which most of those can be applied in the post- Covid- 19 era. The purpose of this study is to investigate challenges, approaches and achievements in Health higher education system, due to Covid- 19 pandemic.

The method of this study is ”Narrative review” of literature.In this manner, databases (SID, Google Scholar, ERIC, Cochrane collaboration, PubMed) were searched, using the determined key words. After studying sixty- five selected articles, challenges, policies and achievements in Health higher education, due to Covid- 19 pandemic were determined.

Obtained results indicate that the Covid- 19 pandemic has caused challenges related to students, curriculum, research and economical supports in Health higher education system. Accordingly, eight approaches related to students, nine approaches in curriculum field, four approaches in research, and five approaches related to economical system have been recommended, in order to continuation of educational, evaluation and research programs. Thirteen of these approaches can be considered as the achievements in post Covid- 19 era.

In addition to identification of challenges and managerial policies in dealing with crisis, consideration of opportunities due to crisis can lead to new era toward major changes in health higher education in post Covid- 19 era.

Educational spaces, which take up a large part of students' daily time, are not created merely to meet educational needs, but should include the various aspects of student interaction and the physical environment that give rise to a sense of belonging to the school. This feeling will connect the person with the place. Students who are studying in these educational environments can understand the meaning of it, they can communicate better with that environment. Today, the study of the sense of belonging in schools has received less attention and mostly the educational needs of students have been taken into account. Addressing this special issue and examining it among high school students is very important because of their awared behavior. At the present, the relationship between students and the school environment is very important; therefore, the purpose of this article is understanding the effective components of the environment. It seems that one of the factors influencing this relationship is the meaning of the environment.

The data collection was don based on a survey method, using both questionnaires and direct observation and mapping observations. The research method according to open-ended questions is a combination of consecutive ones. The analysis stage also relies on the results of the questionnaire to identify their relationship with the characteristics of space.

Data collection was done through survey and open and closed questionnaires and direct students’ behavior observation. The questionnaire was developed and analyzed in 6 qualitative sections.

The results of the research indicate that the effect of form-spatial school features on student's belongingness is higher than other environmental factors, due to semantic capabilities. In other words, in various levels of environment’s meanings, the fourth and fifth levels of meaning, which are considered to be the symbolic meaning, are more important than other levels of meaning for students, and its cause is largely rooted in the value and emotional meanings of space. In fact, there is, a completely direct relationship between the semantic levels of changed function of non-profit school space and the ideal situation of students in educational spaces. In other words, the emotional and perceptual components of the school environment can better communicate with the student's mental state if they use the symbolic levels of meaning in space.