فهرست مطالب na li

Given the rapid development of technologies, virtual community of practice (VCoP) has been employed across various fields, including education. In this context, it is essential to identify the utilization of virtual community of practice in medical education settings in China, particularly its effects on teaching methods and student learning. By understanding the effects of the virtual community of practice on college medical education, we can better evaluate the feasibility of introducing this technology to universities in economically disadvantaged areas. To this end, this study reviewed the literature to identify the potential benefits and challenges of implementing a virtual community of practice in the Chinese context and provide insights into how such an initiative can be effectively designed and implemented.

To identify the effects of the virtual community of practice on teaching and learning in Chinese medical education settings, we searched multiple databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and the University of Manchester Online Library. We focused on peer-reviewed English-language publications on virtual technology and medical education from 2013 to 2023. 

In Chinese medical education, traditional face-to-face teaching remains the primary instructional approach. This is understandable, considering that supplying a costly virtual community of practice to each student might be impractical, particularly for universities in economically disadvantaged areas. Nevertheless, the literature reviewed in this study suggests that if the virtual community of practice are employed appropriately, it can significantly enhance teaching by substantially reducing the budget required for constructing realistic medical scenarios.

To effectively promote the virtual community of practice for universities in economically disadvantaged areas, we advocated for establishing a dedicated medical education volunteer association as a form of the virtual community of practice to support medical education, which is enhanced by the virtual community of practice.

The Graetz-Nusselt problem is addressed with non-Newtonian power-law nanofluid with slip boundary conditions. In the said fluid model, the power-law coefficient m and flow index n depend on the nanoparticles concentration φ. The Al_2 O_3-water nanofluid is considered and results are obtained for typical values of nanoparticle concentration i.e., φ=1%,2%,3%,4% and 5%. First of all, we calculate the analytical solution of fully developed velocity field for power-law nanofluid via Navier linear slip law. Next, the temperature profile is obtained by utilizing the condition of specified surface temperature. The longitudinal conduction (realizable for small Peclet number) is also considered. The graphical results of mean temperature and local Nusselt number are presented for various values of slip length, nanoparticle concentration, power-law index and Peclet number. As expected, the concentration of nanoparticles boosts the heat transfer rate while the slippery boundaries always provide larger flow rates of nanofluid. The analysis reveals that local Nusselt number and mean temperature are enhanced in the presence of nanoparticles concentration. Furthermore, the thermal entry length is considerably enhanced upon raising the nanoparticle concentration and slip length. Moreover, the impact of slip length on local Nusselt number is opposite to the effect of Péclet number.

 To investigate the effectiveness of Rhein on the proliferation, invasion and migration of human hepatoma cell line HepG2 and its possible mechanism.

 Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 was treated with different concentrations of Rhein (Rhein treatment group) and culture in culture medium alone (control group).The proliferation activity of the cells was determined by methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetry.Transwell assay detected the invasion and migration of cells in each group.Cell scratch test was used to detect the migration ability of cells in each group.Excella-phospho-excellar signal-regulated kinase (P-ERK) activity was determined by ELISA after treatment with 50μ mol/L Rhein at different times.Western blot was used to detect ERK protein expression in HepG2 cells treated with 50 μmol/L Rhein.

 Compared with the control group, the proliferation activity, invasion and migration ability of HepG2 cells in the Rhein treatment group were all decreased (P< 0.05), and the p-ERK relative activity of HepG2 cells treated with Rhein was decreased (P < 0.05).

 Rhein inhibits the invasion and migration of HCC cells, possibly by inhibiting the ERK pathway.

As obesity becomes more prevalent, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is also becoming a major worldwide health problem and the most common cause of chronic liver disease. A new obesity classification method based on a composite index which includes both the body mass index (BMI) and the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was recently proposed. However, the usefulness of this approach to assess the risk of NAFLD is unclear.

This is a cross-sectional study of 1,276 adult individuals in Dalian, China. The Mann Whitney U test, χ 2 test and t-test were used to compare differences between groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors. Based on BMI and WHtR tertiles, individuals were divided into five new groups. Spearman correlation and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were performed to compare the NAFLD risk factors among groups based on BMI alone, WHtR alone, or the combination of both indexes.

BMI, waistline circumference (WC), WHtR, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), weight, triglycerides (TG), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), serum uric acid (SUA), red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin levels (HGB), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were identified as high risk factors for NAFLD (all AUC > 0.7). Logistic regression analysis suggested that BMI and WHtR were independent predictors of the appearance of NAFLD (the ORs for BMI and WHtR were 1.595 and 4.060E-11, respectively; all P < 0.001). The combination of BMI and WHtR tertiles significantly improved the correlation coefficient and Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for NAFLD risk factors in subjects classified as overweight or obese when compared with either BMI or WHtR alone.

BMI, WC, WHtR, ALT, weight, TG, GGT, SUA, RBC, HGB, FBG, AST were high risk factors for NAFLD. The composite BMI and WHtR index improved body fat classification and the ability to detect individuals with NAFLD risk, offering a more precise method for the early identification of high- and low-risk NAFLD patients

This attempt executes the combined heat mass transport features in steady MHD viscoelastic fluid flow through stretching walls of channel. The channel walls are considered to be porous. The analysis of heat transport is made by help Cattaneo-Christov heat diffusion formula while generalized Fick’s theory is developed for study of mass transport. The system of partial differential expressions is changed into set of ordinary differential by introducing suitable variables. The homotopic scheme is introduced for solving the resultant equations and then validity of results are verified by various graphs. An extensive analysis has been performed for the influence of involved constraints on liquid velocity, concentration and temperature profiles. It is noted that the normal component of velocity decreases by increasing Reynolds number while retards for increasing viscoelastic constraint. Both temperature and concentration profiles enhanced by increasing combined parameter and Reynolds number. The presence of thermal relaxation number and concentration relaxation number declines both temperature and concentration profiles, respectively.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of anti-Fas ribozyme on the apoptosis of T lymphocytes (T cells) in mice model with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Male 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were used to establish the COPD model by exposure to cigarette smoke. The COPD mice were sacrificed for spleen dissection and T cell isolation. T cells were randomly divided into four groups (n=10 per group). Group A was used as the control. B, C, and D groups were transfected with empty lentivirus, anti-Fas ribozyme, and an anti-Fas ribozyme mutant, respectively. The expression of Fas mRNA and protein in the T cells were evaluated using qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the apoptosis of CD4＋T cells and calculate the ratio of CD4 to CD8 T cells (CD4＋/CD8＋).
Anti-Fas ribozyme significantly inhibited the expression of Fas in the T cells of COPD mice. In addition, the number of apoptotic CD4＋ T cells and CD4＋/CD8＋of the C and D groups were significantly lower and higher than those of group A, respectively (P Anti-Fas ribozyme significantly inhibited the expression of Fas, increased CD4 CD8, and inhibited the apoptosis of T cells in COPD mice.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) are the most frequently used thermal ablation methods for the treatment of liver cancer. Liver abscess is a common and severe complication of thermal ablation treatment.
The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of liver abscess formation after thermal ablation of liver cancer.
The clinical data of 423 patients who underwent 691 thermal ablation procedures for liver cancer were collected in order to retrospectively analyze the basic characteristics, incidence, and risk factors associated with liver abscess formation. Patients with multiple risk factors for liver abscess formation were enrolled in a risk factor group, and patients with no risk factors were enrolled in a control group. The chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between the occurrence of liver abscesses and potential risk factors.
Two hundred and eight patients underwent 385 RFA procedures, and 185 patients underwent 306 MWA procedures. The total incidence of liver abscesses was 1.7%, while the rates in the RFA group (1.8%) and MWA groups (1.6%) were similar (P > 0.05). The rates of liver abscesses in patients who had child-pugh class B and class C cirrhosis (P = 0.0486), biliary tract disease (P = 0.0305), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.0344), and porta hepatis tumors (P = 0.0123) were 4.0%, 6.7%, 6.5%, and 13.0%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between these four groups and the control group (all P The incidence of liver abscesses after liver cancer thermal ablation is low. Child-Pugh Class B and Class C cirrhosis, biliary tract disease, diabetes mellitus, and porta hepatis tumors are four significant risk factors. Combined ablation and PEI reduces the rate of liver abscesses.