naeeni

Recently pianokey weirs become important in hydraulic structures. In this paper effect of the number of cycles on the flow of pianokey sideweir has been investigated experimentally. 45 experiments on single, two, four, six cycles pianokey and sharp crest linear weir on different heads (H/P = 0.3, 0.5, 0.65, 0.85 and 1) has been conducted. The input flow rate to the main channel was applied in such a way that the flow in this channel became subcritical. Experiments are conducted for different heads in order to determine the surface water profile and discharge coefficient. At the beginning of the opening, the height of water decrease significantly and as the number of cycles increases, this decrease further so that in 6 cycle water reduction is 5 percent more than 1 cycle. Discharge coefficient of the weir decreases with increasing the number of cycles in a constant effective length of the weir from 5 to 21 percentages. The ratio of discharge coefficient of the TPKWs to the rectangular sharp crest weir, was between 1.15 and 1.75. Experimental results show that the discharge coefficient of inertial weirs are larger than inverted ones but this difference is not significant.

A one-pot and simple method for the solvent-free synthesis of chalcones and dibenzylidene alkanones, catalyzed by heterogeneous and nanoporous MCM-41-SO3H catalyst is reported. The products were afforded in most cases with excellent yields.

In this study we will review potential and gravity gradient changes due to Sumatra’s 9.2-magnitude earthquake on 26th Dec 2004 using data collected from GRACE Satellite. The gravity gradients clearly show the variations of mass distributions in the ground. The previous studies have shown that filters and softening algorithms were used to elimination of stripe error of GRACE observations. In this study we find the application of gravity gradient in removing stripe error of observation of GRACE satellite and we see that with these gradients in direction, gradient tensor components such as and cause eliminate GRACE observations strip errors however with these gradients in direction, gradient tensor components such as and would cause fluctuations to intensify in northsouth direction. Also we find the maximum and minimum value of gravity gradient changes (1.5mE and -1.2mE) will be earned in direction.

Activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in various malignancies, including colorectal cancer, is established. This pathway mediates the degradation of damaged proteins and regulates growth and stress response. The novel human gene, UBE2Q2, with a putative ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme activity, is reported to be overexpressed in some malignancies. We sought to investigate the expression levels of the UBE2Q2 gene in colorectal cell lines as well as in cancerous and normal tissues from patients with colorectal cancer. Levels of UBE2Q2 mRNA in cell lines were assessed by Real-Time PCR. Western blotting was employed to investigate the levels of the UBE2Q2 protein in 8 colorectal cell lines and 43 colorectal tumor samples. Expression of UBE2Q2 was observed at the level of both mRNA and protein in colorectal cell lines, HT29/219, LS180, SW742, Caco2, HTC116, SW48, SW480, and SW1116. Increased levels of UBE2Q2 immunoreactivity was observed in the 65.11% (28 out of 43) of the colorectal carcinoma tissues when compared with their corresponding normal tissues. Difference between the mean intensities of UBE2Q2 bands from cancerous and normal tissues was statistically significant at P<0.001 (paired t test). We showed the expression pattern of the novel human gene, UBE2Q2, in 8 colorectal cell lines. Overexpression of UBE2Q2 in the majority of the colorectal carcinoma samples denotes that it may have implications for the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.

CRP (C-reactive protein) is one of the known inflammatory markers in the body. Studies claim that the level of this marker in patients with migraine is higher than normal peoples. Despite the result of various studies, even the relation between serum CRP and migraine is not detected thoroughly and is in a halo of ambiguity, therefore in this study, we intended to assess the relation between migraine and serum CRP levels. The present study was performed as a case-control on 47 migraine suffers that presented Besat hospital on year 2011, at intervals between their attacks and 50 normal individuals. Serum CRP level was measured at interval between attacks or at least 72 hour after the completion of the last attack and was compared with obtained results from normal population. The comparison of CRP level in two groups, indicated that the median CRP at case group was 16.40 mg/dl and at control group 9.76 mg/dl (p≤0.05). The comparison of CRP median between the sufferers of classic migraine, migraine without aura and individuals without migraine, indicated that the CRP median difference at without aura migraine sufferers and normal population was not meaningful, but classic migraine suffers had higher serum CRP level than the other two groups. Finally, we should stay that the present study demonstrate that CRP inflammatory marker was higher at migraine suffers in comparison with normal general population and could explained the role of inflammation in creation and progression of this type of headache.

Ba ckground The only curative therapy for end-stage liver disease is transplantation but due to a shortage of available donor livers the waiting list mortality is high. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome and characteristics of patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation in Shiraz, southern Iran during the period from April 2004 to March 2007. Methods Medical records of all chronic liver disease patients ≥14 years that were on the waiting list for liver transplantation at the Nemazee Hospital Organ Transplant Center during April 2004 to March 2007 were reviewed. Hospital records were used to retrieve demographic, clinical and laboratory data. Records of the referring gastroenterologists provided information about the etiology and complications of liver disease. The patients were followed at the end of the study period by clinic visits or telephone contact. R esults There were 646 patients on the waiting list for liver transplant during April 2004 to March 2007. Hepatitis B was the most common etiology of liver disease (31.2%). Of those on the waiting list, 144 patients 22.3%) underwent liver transplant and 166 (25.7%) died while waiting for a transplant. The mean waiting period for transplant was 6.6 months. Receiving a transplant was correlated with the etiology of liver disease and Rh blood group (p<0.05) but had no significant association with gender or ABO blood type. Among non-transplanted patients, survival was lower in those who had a history of encephalopathy, SBP or uncontrolled ascites and in patients with a Child-Turcotte-Puph (CTP) class C and/or a Model of End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score≥15. C onclusion Hepatitis B virus is the most common cause of end-stage chronic liver disease amongst patients on the waiting list for liver transplant in Shiraz, southern Iran. Patients with a MELD score≥15 particularly those with a history of SBP, hepatic encephalopathy or uncontrolled ascites are recommended for waiting list enrollment.

In this study, the effect of the casting conditions such as; pre-heating temperature and rotation velocity on the mechanical properties and micro structure of the as-centrifugal cast sample were investigated and then compared with gravity cast samples.Low weight small Si blades with small dimensions move to the inside of the sample because of segregation during casting. On the other hand, a few number of bigger Si blades with larger weight come to the surface of the sample that lead to the increasing of hardness from the outside to the inside of the sample. The segregation decreases with increasing of the rotation velocity and leads to the homogeneity of microstructure. The higher pre-heating temperature and lower rotation speed lead to the increasing of Si amount in the matrix of the samples. The aluminum concentration in the matrix of all samples is approximately equal, but it decreases in the Si blades and precipitated particles from outside to the inside of them. Fe concentration in the precipitation grains is more than other areas. Owing to segregation, precipitations with higher Fe concentration move to the outside of sample. Fe amount of the ascentrifuged sample in the near- surface is larger than that of the as-gravity cast samples.

The US national security strategy published every four years is a major plan determining the foreign policies of this country. This plan includes the estimation of threats and opportunities¡ challenges the US government may face¡ and a collection of strategies and strategic recommendations for the US president. The post-cold-war and particularly the 2002 and 2006 versions of this plan incorporate some special features. This article examines the software approach in threat estimation and the 2006 version of the US national security strategy. The first part of the article looks into the theoretical issues influencing the development of the US national security strategies and doctrines and the background leading to the formulation of their national security documentation in different periods. Next¡ we examine the post 11/9 incident world atmosphere from the viewpoint of Americans especially neoconservatives and we also examine the threats from the viewpoint of new American administrators. Finally¡ the content of the 2006 version of the US national security documentation is analyzed. It needs to be mentioned that the US national security strategy is only published to familiarize researchers with the general outlook of this country. It is evident that the publication of boastful and lofty ideas about this country corresponds to this fact.

The Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) as a constituent of the identity of the Islamic Revolution to guard and defend the objectives¡ achievements¡ and the major constituting elements of the Islamic Revolution is of a special standing. This sacred institution was established through the thoughtful acumen of Imam Khomeini(rah.)¡ the founding father of the Islamic Republic¡ and stepped into different scenes of defending the Islamic Revolution following religious¡ revolutionary¡ and popular course of action. Hence¡ the IRGC''s mission and structure are flexible and far-reaching and it has a wide operational range to guard the constituting elements of the Islamic Revolution. Accordingly¡ the IRGC has defined its mission and operational range according to the changes in the enemy''s approaches and policies¡ environmental conditions¡ and the threats the Islamic Republic faces. Behavioral and perspective changes in society and the extensive cultural-political assault of the enemies targeting the religious¡ intellectual fundamentals and behavioral patterns in society have made the IRGC''s missions for confronting the enemy''s soft threats more serious at present. Examination of the principles of the IRGC''s mission for confronting soft threats can help attain a common approach toward that mission. In this article¡ an attempt has been made to examine the fundamentals of the IRGC''s missions for confronting soft threats¡ particularly cultural threats within IRGC¡ using the policies and statements of Imam Khomeini(rah.) and the supreme leader¡ the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran¡ the approved missions and perspective of the IRGC¡ and the enemy''s soft war doctrine.

The human face is a very important feature as it contains vital elements like the eyes, nose, lips, and eyelids. Numerous factors can damage soft tissue in the face causing functional and cosmetic defects. One of the common causes of disfiguring facial scars is burns. There are different methods of reconstruction each with their own merits and demerits. Herein, we describe a method for the facial reconstruction of an extensive unilateral burn scar using an expanded pedicled flap from the cervical area, with special attention to the hair line of the face.

The strain index (SI) is a substantial advancement and has been devised to analyze ergonomic risks for distal upper extremity (DUE) disorders. This semi-quantitative tool allows for the measurement of hazards and does not require unduly lengthy training to begin to use it accurately. Uses of the strain index include analysis of a current job to assess whether it is safe or hazardous, quantification of the risks, and assistance in the initial design of a job or in the redesign of a job. The aim of this study was to assess and analyze risk of developing DUE disorders in different jobs as well as hazard classification in an assembling electronic industry through SI method. Also, DUE disorders prevalence, work-related absenteeism and turnover extracted from SI results were compared and assessed by those obtained by Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ). The findings of this study showed that more than 50% of investigated jobs are categorized as "hazardous" and there is a significant difference between SI mean in hazardous and safe jobs (P < 0.0001). In addition, significant difference was found between prevalence of DUE disorders in "safe" and "hazardous" jobs (P < 0.049). But, no significant difference (P = 0.3) was obtained between mean absenteeism in "safe" and hazardous jobs. Also, no significant difference statistically was found between turnover in "safe" and hazardous jobs (X2 = 0.133, P = 1) and high prevalence of DUE disorders is due to low turnover rate of workers.

Statement of Problem: In the treatment of edentulous patients with implant supported fixed partial dentures several factors such as implant numbers, implant position, superstructure pattern and cantilever length must be considered. Mandibular flexture in function exerts forces in peri-implant bone, however this phenomenon has received little attention. The goal of this finite element analysis (FEA) study was to evaluate the effect of mandibular dimensional changes on peri-implant bone stress in different prosthesis and implant treatment plans. In this experimental study, three dimensional finite element computer model of mandible was simulated according to data from CT-Scan in 0.5 mm sections. The model of 4.110 mm ITI implant, measured by profile projector, was simulated in solid works 2003 software. Implant models were inserted, in two different patterns, on mandible and three different superstructures were placed on implants. Two clenching tasks were modeled (incisal clench and right molar clench). Analysis of Von Misses stress for peri-implant bone revealed the lowest stress values in three-piece superstructure. According to this study, additional placement of implants in order to fabricate independent prostheses and to achieve the freedom of mandibular flexture are recommended.