nafiseh salahi-moghaddam

Pro-environmental modeling of rural people based on the theory of Value-Belief-Norm was the main objective of this survey study. The statistical population of the research consisted all of the rural household heads of Sojasroud district of Khodabandeh County in Zanjan Province (N= 2354) of which a sample size of 259 individuals was selected by a proportional stratified sampling method. Data was collected using standard questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts and the construct validity and reliability were confirmed through validity and reliability were confirmed through examining of model fit in three levels of measurement model, structural model and total model. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) multivariate technique (Partial Least Squares) was used to analyze data. So Smart PLS2.0 software was applied. The results indicated that components of values, ecological ideology, awareness of consequences, responsibility and personal norms had positive and significant effects on dependent variable of villagers’ pro-environmental behavior explaining about 68.6 percent of its variances.

The main purpose of this descriptive- correlative study was an analysis of the effect of emotional intelligence on entrepreneurial spirit among agricultural students in Tarbiat Modares University. The population of this research consisted of graduate students in agricultural faculty of Tarbiat Modares University (N=764). Sample size was determined by Krejcie and Morgan table (n=280). Sampling method was stratified random sampling. (n=256). Research instrument was questionnaire. Face and content validity verified by faculty members of agricultural extension and education in Tarbiat Modarres University. For determining reliability of instrument, pilot test is done then mean of Chronbach’s alpha calculated for emotional intelligence 0.72 and entrepreneurial spirit 0.85. Discriminant validity and the composite reliability of the research instrument were tested by estimating the measurement model and they were satisfied after making necessary corrections. For analysis of data, variance and covariance technique is used by structural equation modeling. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the emotional intelligence had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial spirit of students. Thus, this explained about 55 percent of the variations of entrepreneurial spirit among students. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that reinforcing the emotional intelligence directly results in improvement of entrepreneurship students of Tarbiat Modares University.