narges amrollahi bioki

Aquatic organisms respond to environmental stresses through physiological and morphological adaptations. Accordingly, benthic fish such as the Mudskippers are often referred as bioindicators or sentinel species of aquatic ecosystems such as mangrove forests and mudflats. In the present study, during sampling from three coastal areas of Bandar Abbas (Khorabi, Khajeh Ata and Soro estuary), three species of mudskippers, Periophthalmous waltoni, Boleophthalmus dussumeri and Scartelaos tenuis were identified. Histological studies in mudskippers have focused on the epidermis of the skin by using general staining (hematoxylin-eosin method) and specific staining (periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-Alcian Blue (AB))‌ approach. The results showed that the thick epidermis is a common feature of the epidermis in all three species of mudskippers and is generally due to layers of the voluminous swollen cells of the skin, development of blood capillary within the epithelium and dermal bulges (except P. waltoni). Mucosal cells were only observed in B. dussumeri and S. tenuis. In P. waltoni, which lived mainly in semi-arid supratidal zone, except for the fins, the whole body is covered with scales, but in the subtidal species of B. dussumeri, the scales are limited to the upper and dorsal, thoracic and caudal stems, and on the skin surface of the intertidal species of S. tenuis, no scales were observed. The results showed species-specific patterns of mudskippers tidal habitat differentiation, based on the epidermal scales as histological ecological indicator.

Sea urchins contain high values of antioxidant substances such as polyphenols.
In the present study, the antioxidant activities, α-amylase inhibition, anti-inflammatory activity and the amounts of phenols and flavonoids of purple sea urchin Echinometra mathaei tissues obtained from Persian Gulf were examined.
In December 2012, the purple sea urchin E. mathaei used for this study was harvested in the intertidal zone of Qeshm Island, Hormozgan Province, Iran. In the experimental design, extract isolation of different tissues of sea urchin such as spines, shells, gonads and Aristotle’s lantern was performed with the application of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol solvents. Antioxidant properties of the samples were evaluated using different antioxidant tests such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reducing power. The anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of samples were examined by inhibition of α-amylase and retardation of serum albumin denaturation, respectively.
With respect to antioxidant properties, the methanol extract of shell containing 40 μg/mL concentration possessed the maximum reducing power (OD = 0.475 ± 0.0049 and, ethyl acetate extract of Aristotle’s lantern at 1 mg/mL concentration presented the highest TAC (OD = 0.439 ± 0.0018). The n-hexane extract of gonad at a concentration of 1 mg/mL revealed the highest α-amylase inhibition (84.7 ± 2.92%). The ethyl acetate extract of Aristotle’s lantern at 20 μg/mL concentration possessed the highest anti-inflammatory property (69.78 ± 1.61 μg/mL). In biochemical analysis, the methanol extract of spine and ethyl acetate extract of Aristotle’ lantern had the highest phenolic (0.33 ± 0.017 mg/g) and flavonoid compounds (24.6 ± 0.72 mg/g), respectively.
The obtained results revealed that sea urchin extracts could be used in pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, its application in food industries as a supplementary food can be of great value.

sea urchins belonging to phylum echinoderms of marine invertebrates them found to possess excellent. Inflammation can be considered a set of complex processes that many body systems including the immune and nervous system are involved. The aim of the present research was undertaken to study the anti- inflammatory activity of different extracts, coelomic fluid and pigments shells and spines of sea urchin of Echinodermata mathaei. Isolation of different tissues extracts (spine, shell, gonad and aristotol lantern) sea urchin by three solvents (n- hexan, ethyl acetate, methanol). Isolation coelomic fluid by buffered mode and pigments shell and spine by HCl of sea urchin evaluation antioxidant (DPPH radical scavenging) and anti- inflammatory activity investigated through inhibition albumin serum denaturation.Resuts: According to the results of the study, the spine- methanoli and coelomic fluid (CF) had the highest activity in the DPPH radical scavenging and aristotol lantern- ethyl acetate and pigment shell highest activity in the anti- inflammatory methods. Significant differences were observed at P<0.05. The result of this research indicated that sea urchin of E.mathaei due to the high antioxidant activity, have anti- inflammatory activities too.

sea urchins belonging to phylum echinoderms of marine invertebrates them found to possess excellent. Diabetes mellitus, metabolic diseases most prevalent in the world with a group of metabolic disorders characterized by different degrees is the first increase in blood glucose levels. The aim of the present research was undertaken to study the anti- diabetes activity of different extracts, coelomic fluid and pigments shells and spines of sea urchin of Echinodermata mathaei.
Isolation of different tissues extracts (spine, shell, gonad and aristotol lantern) sea urchin by three solvents (n- hexan, ethyl acetate, and methanol). Isolation coelomic fluid by buffered mode and pigments shell and spine by HCl of sea urchin anti-diabetes activity investigated through inhibition α- Amylase enzyme.
According to the results of the study, coelomic fluid (CF), coelomocyte lysate and shell pigment of sea urchin highest activity in the anti-diabetes methods. Significant differences were observed at P The result of this research indicated that sea urchin of E. mathaei due to the high antioxidant activity, as well as, flavonoid compounds, have anti- diabetes activities too.