فهرست مطالب nasrin jafari varjoshani

 A health-promoting lifestyle and optimal health literacy are among the determining health promotion and maintenance sources.

 The current study was conducted to determine the status of health-promoting lifestyle and its relationship with health literacy of employees of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2020.

 This cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 308 administrative employees of faculties, hospitals, and health centers in Zanjan. The participants were included in the study using a stratified random sampling method. Three questionnaires, including the demographic information questionnaire, the standard Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLPII) questionnaire, and the Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) questionnaire, were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson’s correlation and stepwise regression) in SPSS 24.

 The mean age of the employees was 36.51(7.29) years, and most of the participants were female (53.2%), married (80.8%), and had a bachelor’s degree or higher (89.3%). The participants’ health literacy score was at an adequate level 75.85 (12.23) and their lifestyle score was at a desirable level 137.22 (21.15). The relationship between health literacy dimensions and the lifestyle total score was positive and significant (p>0.05).

 According to the findings of the current study and the presence of a relationship between health literacy and lifestyle, particularly the predictive role of decision-making dimensions and accessibility of health literacy with the lifestyle of employees, it is suggested that programs be developed and implemented to empower the health literacy of employees.

The epidemic of respiratory diseases and their complications and mortalities have always been considered one of the health threats to humans.

This study aimed to identify the predictors of Covid-19 prevention behaviors based on the health belief model among the students of the Nursing and Midwifery Faculty of Zanjan City in 2021.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 294 nursing students recruited using the convenience sampling method. A three-part questionnaire addressing demographic characteristics, the health belief model, and preventive behaviors were used. The questionnaire was provided to the participants via sharing on social media. For statistical analysis, the independent t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and regression were conducted in SPSS v.22 software.

The mean (SD) of preventive behaviors and health belief scores were 42.36 (3.23) and 113.11 (10.07), respectively. The highest and lowest scores were related to the constructs of perceived benefits (3.82 from 5) and perceived barriers (3.003 from 5), respectively. According to Pearson’s correlation coefficient, preventive behaviors had a direct and statistically significant correlation with the perceived sensitivity, perceived intensity, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and action guide constructs (P<0.05). The constructs of perceived sensitivity, perceived intensity, self-efficacy, and action guide predicted 13%, 9.7%, 22%, and 19.4% of the variance in preventive behaviors, respectively.

Based on the findings of the present study, self-efficacy was the most prominent construct predicting COVID-19 prevention behaviors among students. Therefore, methods that enhance self-efficacy, such as boosting awareness and empowerment strategies, can be employed to manage the preventive behaviors of students during infectious emerging diseases.

Background :

 Cancer can affect patients' family functioning. Family performance evaluation is essential for patients before planning family-based interventions. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the family performance of patients with gastric cancer and its related factors in Zanjan in 2018.

This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The research samples were 108 patients with gastric cancer hospitalized in oncology wards and outpatients referred to the clinic of Valiasr Medical Center in Zanjan who were studied by census method in 1397. Data collection tools were demographic information questionnaire and standard family performance measurement questionnaire (FAD). To obtain the validity of the family performance questionnaire, face validity method was used. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (87%).

The mean age of patients was 51.92. 8.779 years. Patients participating in this study reported their family functioning in all dimensions was relatively good and within the normal range. Among the dimensions of family functioning, overall performance (mean 74.22 2. 2.742) was the weakest and emotional companionship (mean 2.763 ± 57.75) was the best dimension. Emotional dimension with gender, age, duration of marriage, number of children, number of family members, duration of diagnosis, number of hospitalizations, guardianship,place of residence, level of education, job, monthly income of patients, Had a statistically significant relationship.

According to the findings of the study, it is recommended to provide a door method with educational services and counseling and comprehensive support from various support systems in the community, including the health care system to improve the performance of patients' families.

Breast cancer is still a major health concern, causing stress not only for the patients but also for their caregivers.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of virtual training on the care burden of caregivers to patients with breast cancer.

This clinical trial was conducted on 80 caregivers of patients with breast cancer referred to the Mehraneh Clinic of Zanjan, Iran, in 2022. The participants were chosen by convenience sampling and randomly divided into the experimental and control groups using the block randomization method. A demographic information questionnaire along with the Zarit care burden questionnaire were used to collect data. The care burden of caregivers was determined before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention. The data were analyzed in SPSS 26 software using descriptive and inferential statistics (the independent t-test, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, Fisher’s exact test, and a marginal model for longitudinal data).

According to the results, the mean (SD) age of the caregivers was 42.20 (11.54) years, of whom 60% were male. Based on the longitudinal marginal model, no significant difference in care burden was observed between the two groups immediately after the intervention (P=0.077); however, this difference was statistically significant one month after the intervention (P<0.001).

According to the findings, the virtual training intervention reduced the care burden of caregivers of patients with breast cancer in the long term. Therefore, providing training related to care burden reduction through cyberspace and social media can be suggested as a suitable and available method.

Instructors’ caring behaviors are regarded as one of the most impressive factors in the process of clinical training which is significant to promote the students’ self-efficacy and self-confidence. Thus, it is of great importance to identify and promote the instructors’ caring behaviors.

This study was performed aiming to determine the students’ perception of instructors’ caring behaviors in Zanjan province.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in 2021 on 235 nursing students of bachelor degree from the 4th semesters onwards in Zanjan province who were included in the study by stratified random sampling. To collect data, the questionnaires of demographic information and “Nursing Students Perception of Instructor Caring” were used. Statistical analysis was performed by independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS software version 25.

The mean±Sd of instructors' caring behaviors was 126.37±14.70. The highest and lowest mean scores were related to the dimensions of respectful sharing (5.08) and control versus flexibility (3.26) respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between creating a supportive learning climate and students’ marital status (t=-1/9, p=0.05) and also between the appreciation of life's meaning and control versus flexibility with students' semesters (p<0.05).

From the perspective of nursing students, the instructor’s caring behavior was in average level. Therefore, it is recommended to take action in order to improve the instructors’ caring behavior through training workshops.

Holistic care is provided by the ability to communicate effectively with patients from different cultures. In this respect, multicultural sensitivity helps communicate effectively with the patient. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the multicultural sensitivity of nursing students and the factors affecting it during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This cross-sectional correlation study was conducted on 245 nursing students of the Zanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Data were collected using two questionnaires of demographic information and multicultural sensitivity. The multicultural questionnaire scored multicultural sensitivity on a Likert scale in the range of 1 to 5. Scores ≤ 3 were unfavorable multicultural sensitivities > 3 were desirable cultural sensitivities. Data analysis was performed using an independent t-test, analysis of variance, and logistic regression in the SPSS statistical software.

The mean total score of multicultural sensitivity was 3.64 ± 0.48. Also, the mean of multicultural sensitivity based on gender, residence, religion, bilingualism, semester, and field of study did not show a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The logistic regression model showed that gender and field of study could predict 3 to 6% of changes in multicultural sensitivity.

The findings of this study showed that the multicultural sensitivity of students is favorable, despite their distance from the university environment. However, it is recommended to conduct training to make them more familiar with the cultural habits and health of Iranian ethnic groups.

Accidents are among the most important causes of preventable death in young children, so it is of paramount importance to pay attention to safety principles in kindergartens.

This study was conducted to assess the non-structural safety of kindergartens in Tehran in 2020.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 175 kindergartens in Tehran-Iran during the autumn of 2020, which were selected by two-step cluster sampling. Data collection tools included checklists for manpower information and construction specifications, as well as a revised safety checklist designed by the Ministry of Health. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 16 software applying descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test.

The safety of 65.1% and 34.9% of the kindergartens was very good and good, respectively. Based on the findings of this study, the non-structural safety of the kindergartens was significantly associated with neither manpower information nor construction specifications (P>0.05).

Tehran’s kindergartens were in good condition in terms of non-structural safety. As the safety status of toys was lower compared to other areas, it is suggested to pay special attention to improving the safety of toys.

Cancer can affect the quality of life of patients. Family support is essential in this disease.

This study aimed to determine the relationship between family functioning and quality of life in patients with gastric cancer.

This cross-sectional study was performed on patients with gastric cancer at the Valiasr Medical Center in Zanjan, Iran, in 2018 using the census method. A specific standard questionnaire for the quality of life of cancer patients and a McMaster family assessment device were used to collect information. The descriptive analysis and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used to analyze data by SPSS software version16.

In total, 108 patients were assessed. The family functioning of the patients was assessed in the normal range and was partially good in all dimensions. The mean of general function (2.97 of 4) and affective responsiveness dimensions (2.31 of 4) was the weakest and the best, respectively. The overall quality of life, symptoms, and function [42.20 (2.65), 69.77 (7.23), 43.43 (7.38)] were at an unfavorable level. There was a significant inverse relationship (P<0.001) between the overall quality of life and the dimensions of family functioning: problem solving (r=-0.623), communication (r=-0.74), roles (r=-0.588), and behavior control (r=-0.718). A significant inverse relationship was also found between the overall quality of life and general family function (r=-0.577) (P<0.001).

The study showed the association between quality of life and family function in patients with cancer. Improving family function in these patients using different methods is recommended.

Adolescence is a very important and sensitive period of life and paying attention to the health of this period is of particular importance. Therefore, paying attention to the health of female adolescents, as future mothers, is doubly important.

This study was performed aiming to determine the physical health needs of female adolescents and related factors in the city of Tabriz, Iran.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 435 high school female adolescents in the city of Tabriz using two-stage sampling method, in 2020. A demographic information form and the Female Adolescents Health Needs Questionnaire (FAHNQ; Shah Hosseini et al.) as a native questionnaire (validity=0.92, reliability=0.90) were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed by one-sample t-test, independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Duncan’s post hoc test using SPSS software version 16.

According to the findings, 90.34% and 9.66% of the samples attended public and non-public schools, respectively. The field of study of 53.79% of the participants was experimental sciences and 43.45% were studying in tenth grade. The level of physical health needs of female adolescents in Tabriz was high. The physical health needs of the study samples in public schools were higher than non-public schools, with twelfth-grade students more than other grades (P<0.05). By increasing grade point average (GPA), family income, and consequently more access to the Internet and cell phones, adolescents’ physical health needs decreased (P<0.05).

According to the results, the physical health needs of female adolescents were high and one of the most relevant factors was the economic status. Therefore, it is recommended to plan and take measures to meet adolescents’ health needs through the participation of parents, education officials, and other institutions.

A health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) can affect a person’s quality of life (QOL) and prevent many diseases.

The QOL and HPL of teachers and nurses are of great importance because of their influence on the community health and education of the new generation. The present study aimed to determine and compare the HPL and QOL of nurses and teachers in Zanjan, Iran in 2018.

This descriptive, comparative, cross-sectional study was performed on 395 teachers of governmental schools, who were selected by cluster sampling, and 182 nurses, who were selected by census sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP II) questionnaire, and 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted in SPSS version 16 by measuring descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene’s test, and independent t-test).

The results showed that most of the teachers were male (62.5%) and married (63.8%) with a bachelor’s degree (70.1%), while the majority of nurses were female (83%) and married (87.4%) with a bachelor’s degree (100%). Based on the findings, the HPL of nurses and teachers was rated as moderate (40.5% and 48.1%, respectively). Also, the QOL of nurses and teachers was at a moderate level (44.6% and 52.4%, respectively). Finally, the mean QOL and HPL were lower in nurses as compared to teachers (P<0.01).

The present results revealed that having knowledge is not necessarily associated with good performance. The QOL and HPL were moderate in both teachers and nurses, even nurses had a lower QOL and HPL than teachers. Overall, awareness of the importance of healthy behaviors does not always lead to improved self-care. Therefore, it is suggested to pay more attention to the improvement of occupational conditions, besides QOL and HPL of these two groups, especially nurses

Respect for patientschr('39') privacy is especially important in the emergency department. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between the moral intelligence of emergency personnel with the level of respect for patient privacy in the emergency departments of hospitals affiliated to Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

In this cross-sectional study, 154 patients and 77 emergency department staff participated by convenience sampling method. Demographic, moral intelligence and patient privacy questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were analyses by SPSS software version 16.

The mean age of employees was 34.04±7.6 years (range 24-54 years old), and the mean age of patients was 38.8±13.4 years (range of 18-76 years old). Employeeschr('39') moral intelligence was 76.96±8.42 and was in a good category. Also, the level of respect for patient privacy in the emergency departments was 85.63±13.88 and was in the moderate category. There was a significant and inverse relationship between employees’ moral intelligence with patientschr('39') physical privacy (r=-0.226) (p=0.048).

Considering the moderate level of respect to patient privacy in the emergency departments in the present study, it seems that in addition to the lack of staff information in this regard, the factors affecting it needs to be studied and paid special attention.

Renal failure is a chronic disease getting more prevalent nowadays.

Since caring for the patients is expected to result in family functioning disorders, this study was done in Zanjan Province in 2019 to determine the extent of the hemodialysis patients’ family function.

This is a descriptive study. 199 patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment were selected through the stratified random sampling method. Data collection tools included demographic information questionnaire and McMaster Family Functioning Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, descriptive statistics, independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient in the SPSS software version 25.

About half of the participants were male (52.3%), married (76.4%), the family caretaker (56.3%) and urban dwellers (70.4%), having insufficient income per month (75.4%). 52.7% of the patients under study were more than 60 years old. The age group 20-29 (six percent) had the lowest frequency in the population of the hemodialysis patients under study. Furthermore, 15.1% of the participants had no health insurance coverage and there was no social support system backing 67.3% of the participants. All dimensions of family functioning, under this study, fell within the normal range. The mean scores of family functioning dimensions were lower in terms of problem solving dimension than in other dimensions (The problem solving dimension score equaled 1.88 within the range of 0–4) and families functioned better in this respect. Furthermore, the results proved significant statistical relationship between number of family members, sufficient family income, and the distance from the hemodialysis centers and being covered by the social support system on the one hand and some dimensions of family functioning on the other hand (p<0.05).

Regarding the study results, the healthcare system is suggested to provide social support for the patients and their families; furthermore, education of families is recommended in order to promote favorable performance.

Although nurses are legally and morally responsible for the quality of patient care, patients also have the right to receive high-quality and decent nursing care.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of education-based empowerment program on the nursing care quality in the dialysis ward.

The present semi-experimental clinical trial study was performed as pre-test and post-test, before and after the intervention, in two stages. All hospitalized patients (150 subjects) in the dialysis center of Valiasr Hospital in Zanjan were enrolled by the census method. At the end of the study, the number of subjects was 125. Before the intervention, the SERVQUAL questionnaire was completed by the patients. Afterwards, nurse empowerment sessions were held. Finally, after the intervention, the SERVQUAL questionnaire was filled by the patients. To analyze the collected data, paired t-test, independent t-test, and variance analysis were performed using SPSS V22 software.

The findings of the study showed significant differences between the patients’ expectations and  perceptions of services, before and after intervention, in terms of tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, and overall dimensions (P<0.0001).

The results of the present research indicated that education-based empowerment program affected nursing care quality in different dimensions. Hence, it is recommended paying more attention to education-based empowerment program to improve nursing care quality

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common illness causing neurological inabilities in young adults. Ability of the ill person to use coping skills is an important factor that can help to reduce stress and to manage the increasing challenges caused by this debilitating illness. The present study focuses on comparing the amount of coping skills used by MS sufferers who are and are not the members of a peer support group.
Method of the study: method of the study was descriptive-analytical. The study was conducted in Multiple Sclerosis Society of Zanjan City during the year 2016. Simple random sampling without replacement was conducted on 30 MS sufferers who were the members and 90 others who were not the members of peer support group. Data gathering tool included demographic questionnaire and Jalowiec coping skills questionnaire. Fisher’s exact test and t-test were used to analyze the data.
Findings: comparison on the amounts of coping skills used by the member and non-member patients in the peer support group revealed that they differed insignificantly (0.735) in terms of excitement-oriented, and significantly in terms of problem-oriented coping skills. Furthermore, the member patients used more problem-oriented coping skills than the non-member patients (0.009).

peer support has an increasing effect on the use of problem-oriented coping skills. Thus, it will be helpful to encourage patients to be a member of the peer support group.