فهرست مطالب nasrin maleki

This research aimed to evaluate Iranian and Malaysian senior high school chemistry textbooks in terms of their correspondence with entrepreneurship components. The study employed descriptive method of content analysis type. The statistical population included 10th, 11th, and 12th-grade Iranian senior high school chemistry textbooks in the academic year of 2022-2023, and Malaysian grade 10 and grade 11 (4th and 5th levels) chemistry textbooks in the academic year of 2020-2021. Due to the nature of the study, complete enumeration sampling method was employed, and all content of the books, including text, images, questions, and activities, has been analyzed using Shannon's entropy method. Data were collected using a researcher-developed content analysis checklist, which was validated through expert opinion, and its reliability was confirmed through retesting (91% agreement). Findings revealed 191 and 172 references to entrepreneurship components in Iranian and Malaysian textbooks, respectively. Data analysis showed that in both countries, from among the five components of ‘creativity and innovation,’ ‘progress motivation,’ ‘internal control,’ ‘risk-taking,’ and ‘futurism,’ greater focus was on ‘futurism’ as well as ‘creativity and innovation.’ The least attention in Iranian chemistry textbooks was related to ‘progress motivation,’ while in Malaysian chemistry textbooks, it was related to ‘risk-taking.’ Shannon's entropy results indicated that in Iranian textbook, ‘internal significance’ received higher attention while in Malaysian textbooks, ‘creativity and innovation’ as well as ‘futurism,’’ were the focus of higher attention.

This article investigated the contents of secondary high school chemistry textbooks in Iran and Malaysia regarding occupational readiness components. The method was comparative qualitative using George Bereday's approach. The data was collected by the documentary method. The research sources included primary sources (Iranian secondary chemistry textbooks in grades 10, 11, and 12 and Malaysian supplementary secondary chemistry textbooks in Forms 4 and 5) and secondary sources. Data analysis was performed using content analysis and included the review of text, images, questions, and activities in primary sources. The findings showed that the textbooks of the two countries have similarities. In both countries, the attention to recognizing and discovering occupational opportunities was more than other components. Both countries were almost the same regarding performing manual and physical skills. The concepts discussed in the chemistry textbooks of Malaysia and Iran was similar. Also, the results showed some differences between the chemistry textbooks of the two countries. Pictures and texts related to career preparation in Malaysian textbooks provided better guidance to students about choosing a career. The attention to acquiring occupational skills presentable in the labor market in Iranian chemistry textbooks was less than other components while manual and physical skills had the least attention in Malaysian chemistry textbooks. An interesting point in the Malaysian books was the inclusion of a section namely “the Career Kiosk”, which provides information on chemistry-related careers. According to the findings, it is suggested that more content related to occupational readiness is included in chemistry textbooks of Iran secondary high schools, especially in the field of acquiring occupational skills presentable in the labor market and manual and physical skills. Appropriate pictures and activities could be used to guide students' future careers.

The aim of this research was comparison the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy on social and mental dimensions of quality of life in distressed couples. Present study was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and with experimental and control groups. The research population was all distressed couples referring to counseling centers in Tehran city in 2015 year. To select sample 45 couple through available sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups (each group 15 couple). The experimental groups trained 12 sessions of 90 minutes by cognitive behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy methods. Groups responded to the questionnaire of quality of life (World Health Organization, 2004) in the pre-test and post-test stages. Data was analyzed with multivariate analysis of covariance method. The results showed the methods of cognitive behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy in comparison with the control group significantly led to increase the social and mental dimensions of quality of life in distressed couples. Also, there was a no significant difference between the two groups of couple therapy in improving the social and mental dimensions of quality of life (P<0/05). Therefore, the results indicated the effectiveness of the two methods of cognitive behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy on the social and mental dimensions of quality of life distressed couples. As a result, counselors and therapists can use the mentioned methods to improve the quality of life in distressed couples.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of cognitive behavior couple therapy (CBCT) and the approach of Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on psychological well-being, marriage intimacy and quality of life of chaotic couples. In order to achieve this goal, the quasi-experimental design including pre-test and post-test with control group as the main method was used.
Findings: The population of this study included 14 couples who referred to counselling centers in Tehran in 1394 due to chaotic problems in their marriage relationships. The purposive sampling was also used in this study. The instruments of this study included marital adjustment test, psychological well-being questionnaire by Reef, intimacy scale by Walker and Thompson (1983) and quality of life. The results showed that cognitive-behavioral couple therapy has been effective (p

TLR-4 activates a number of inflammatory signaling pathways. Also, AMPK could be involved in anti-inflammatory signaling. The aim of this study was to identify whether stimulation of AMPK could inhibit LPS-induced Tlr-4 gene expression in mice hearts.
Heart AMPK activity and/or Tlr-4 expression was stimulated in different mice groups, using respectively IP injection of A-769662 (10 mg/kg) and LPS (2 mg/kg) or a combination of both agents. Moreover, compound-C (20 mg/kg), as an AMPK antagonist, was intraperitoneally co-administrated with both A-769662 and LPS in another group to investigate the role of AMPK activity on Tlr-4 regulation. After 8 hr, in addition to peripheral neutrophil cell count, myocardial p-AMPK, p-ACC as well as MyD88 protein contents and Tlr-4 expression was assessed by Western blotting and real-time qRT-PCR, respectively. TNF-α and IL-6 expression levels were also determined by ELISA.
LPS induced heart Tlr-4 expression (P This study demonstrated that activation of AMPK, by A-769662 agent, could inhibit Tlr-4 expression and activity, suggesting a link between AMPK and Tlr-4 in heart tissue.

Myocardial dysfunction is one of the major complications in patients with sepsis where there is a relationship between the blood level of cytokines and the onset of myocardial depression. In many cases of sepsis, the presence of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been established. LPS Binding Protein (LBP) bound endotoxin is recognized by CD14/toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) complexes in innate immune cells which stimulates TNF-α release. To investigate whether isolated rat heart is capable of producing TNF α locally through TLR4 activation by LPS. Using langendorff method, LPS in 120 mL of the modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer solution (KHBS) at final concentration of 1 μg/mL was perfused at recycling mode. The effect of LPS on cardiac function was evaluated. To assess the TLR4 activity and TNF-α release, western blotting, real time PCR, and ELISA were used. Compared with control, coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) as well as left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximum and minimum rates of the left ventricular developed pressure (dP/dtmax; dP/dtmin; p<0.001) were depressed to a maximum level after 180 minutes recycling with LPS. This myocardial depression was associated with a significant increase in TLR4 expression (p<0.01), MyD88 activity (p<0.01) and TNF-α (p<0.05) concentration in the heart tissue. The results of this study show that heart is capable of producing TNF-α through TLR4 and MyD88 activation independent of classic immune system and suggest a local immune response.

A growing body of preclinical data indicates that statins may possess antineoplastic properties; however, some studies have raised the possibility that statins may also have carcinogenic potential. An air pouch model was used for angiogenesis. Single or multiple applications of croton oil on the back of Swiss albino mice with or without initiation by dimethylbenz(a)antheracene (DMBA) were used to evaluate the skin tumorgenesis, ultrastructural and histological alterations. Atorvastatin (orally, 10 mg/kg/day) produced a significant (P<0.05) reduction in angiogenesis. Concurrent administration of mevalonate reversed the anti-angiogenic effect of atorvastatin. However, local injection of atorvastatin (200 µg) into the pouches induced a significant (P<0.5) increase in angiogenesis that was not reversed by co-administration of mevalonate. The disturbance of cell polarity, inflammatory response, thickness of epidermal layer, and mitotic index induced by croton oil were inhibited markedly and dose-dependently (P<0.001) by pre-treatment with atorvastatin. In spite of the strong anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects of atorvastatin on epidermal cell proliferation, it was identified that the same doses of atorvastatin in DMBA-initiated and croton oil-promoted skin tumorgenesis in mice increased the incidence of tumors and their conversion into malignant carcinoma. The reasons for these discrepancies remain unclear, and could be related to ambivalent effects of atorvastatin on angiogenesis or to specific differences in the experimental conditions. It is suggested that the pro-angiogenic effect of the drug, which could be responsible for promotion of skin tumors, is independent of the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibition that can be mediated directly by atorvastatin.

Air pouch is a well-established inflammatory model in which fluid extravasations; leukocyte migration, angiogenesis and other parameters involved in the inflammatory response can be measured. In this study, the influence of gender on inflammatory parameters has been examined in the air pouch model. To induce air pouch, adult male and female Wistar rats were anesthetized, then 20 ml and 10 ml of sterile air were injected subcutaneously on the back on day 0 and day 3, respectively. On day 6, inflammation was induced by injection of 1 ml of carrageenan 1% into pouches. After 6 and 72 hr, the rats were sacrificed, pouch fluid was collected in order to determine exudates volume and the accumulated cells were counted using a hemocytometer. Pouches were dissected out and weighed. Angiogenesis of granulomatous tissue was assayed using hemoglobin kit. Analysis of our data demonstrated a sexually dimorphic pattern in inflammation parameters both in acute and chronic forms (P<0.05). The value of angiogenesis in the air pouch model in male rat was higher than that female rats (P<0.001). The degree of inflammation and angiogenesis induced in Wistar rat air pouch model is gender-dependent, suggesting that gender may be a key consideration in the design of inflammation experiments.

Recently a potent anti-inflammatory effect of hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of the sterile stems of Stachys inflata has been reported. This study examined whether hydroalcoholic extract isolated from aerial parts of non-flowering stems of Stachys inflata (standardized to contain 4.5% caffeic acid derivatives) reduce myocardial infarct size arising from coronary artery occlusion (30min) and reperfusion (2 h) in anaesthetized rats. In addition, the extract was also tested on the incidence and severity of ischaemic arrhythmias. Infusion of the extract (1.35 mg/kg/min) 5 min before coronary artery ligation and for the duration of the ischaemic (30 min) and reperfusion (2 h) periods resulted in a marked (p<0.001) decrease in infarct size (from 48.2 1% in control to 29.3 2.7% in treated rats). However, an infarct size of 46.7 3.4% was seen with the higher dose of the extract (2.70 mg/kg/min). The extract had no effect either on the severity and incidence of ischaemic arrhythmias or on the blood pressure. These results suggest that the hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of Stachys inflata attenuates the infarct size following ischaemia and reperfusion without any effect on the cardiovascular system. Anti-inflammatory actions of the extract may play a major role in reducing the infarct size.

Recently a potent anti-inflammatory effect of hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of the sterile stems of Stachys inflata has been reported. This study examined whether hydroalcoholic extract isolated from aerial parts of non-flowering stems of Stachys inflata (standardized to contain 4.5% caffeic acid derivatives) reduce myocardial infarct size arising from coronary artery occlusion (30min) and reperfusion (2 h) in anaesthetized rats. In addition, the extract was also tested on the incidence and severity of ischaemic arrhythmias. Infusion of the extract (1.35 mg/kg/min) 5 min before coronary artery ligation and for the duration of the ischaemic (30 min) and reperfusion (2 h) periods resulted in a marked (p<0.001) decrease in infarct size (from 48.2 1% in control to 29.3 2.7% in treated rats). However, an infarct size of 46.7 3.4% was seen with the higher dose of the extract (2.70 mg/kg/min). The extract had no effect either on the severity and incidence of ischaemic arrhythmias or on the blood pressure. These results suggest that the hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of Stachys inflata attenuates the infarct size following ischaemia and reperfusion without any effect on the cardiovascular system. Anti-inflammatory actions of the extract may play a major role in reducing the infarct size.