parisa janmohammadi

Bariatric surgery is considered the most effective treatment for morbid obesity. Despite the successful weight loss, as result of bariatric surgery, patients are susceptible to protein deficiency. Change in food intake after surgery can cause some nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to determine the status of protein before and after bariatric surgery

The systematic search was performed in April 2021. Cochrane, PubMed, and google scholar databases were used for our literature search by searching these keywords: body composition, fat free mass, bariatric surgery, protein malnutrition and protein intake.

Our studies showed few evaluation of protein has been done before surgery in candidates for surgery. Obesity surgery reduces muscle mass and serum protein so evaluation of these factors is necessary. Bariatric surgery method exposes people to protein malnutrition and changes in body composition therefore more attention to their protein intake needs to be done.

Based on our results dietary intake can affect the outcome of surgery, so, we recommended evaluating protein status and lean body mass before and following the bariatric surgery. Also, the effect of different types of protein supplementation to improve body composition can be assessed in further studies.

Klinefelter syndrome is a disorder of chromosomes in which common karyotype is (47XXY). Hypogonadism, gynecomastia and azoospermia could be detected in this syndrome. Decreased basal metabolic rate and interest in activities, loss of muscle mass, weight gain, the deficiency of sex hormone and mood changes cause obesity which cause morb obese in this case.
A 34-year-old morbid obese (BMI = 60.40) male was come to the Laporoscopy research center of Iran University of Medical science at 26 January 2016. He was diagnosed as Klinefelter syndrome by genetic testing (47XXY karyotype). He reported suffering from knee cellulitis, headache, low back pain and varices. His nutrition habits was fast eating, Sweet eating and Snack eating. The beginning of his obesity was in his childhood. The best treatment for his obesity and its side-effects is altering in his life style, low calorie diet. Finally, if these methodes fail to lose weigth, bariatric surgery is suggested.
In morbid obese patients apporopriate diet, change in calorie intake and life style should be considered as a first line of treatment and finally, surgery may be an option to treat obesity. These two methodes can often help reduce the risk of other diseases (e.g., diabetes, heart disease, and sleep apnea) that are associated with severe obesity.