فهرست مطالب parviz saeidi

The current research was conducted to present a financial synergy model. The current research method has an exploratory-fundamental nature and has used the grounded theory approach. This research was conducted after conducting 15 semi-structured interviews (theoretical saturation) of experts in banking and university faculty members using non-probability purposeful sampling by snowball sampling method. To analyze the data from the interviews and coding, MAXQDA 2020 software was used in three stages open coding, central coding, and selective coding after extracting 308 open codes, 63 concepts, and 15 categories, and based on that, a qualitative model of the research was also presented. The results showed that the causal conditions of financial synergy include the necessity of financial synergy in integration, financial partnership synergy, financial innovation synergy, and financial capability synergy, and background conditions include financial technology synergy, organizational synergy, and market synergy. Also, intervening conditions include managerial synergy and growth synergy. The main phenomenon of financial synergy is sustainable competition. Also, the strategies include financial synergy strategy in the integration process, human resources synergy, and developmental synergy leading to the presentation of a mental image based on the importance of the financial synergy process and distinguishing this process from other aspects of the value of synergy as a result of integration which causes integration. Finally, the expected consequences of financial synergies include operational and performance synergies and profit synergies.

Ethical entrepreneurship is one of the most important effective factors in promoting productivity and progress in industries. The purpose of this study is to design a model of ethical entrepreneurship from the perspective of Islamic values. This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. To identify the dimensions and components of the ethical model, the background and theoretical foundations of the research were first reviewed and then the dimensions and components of the ethical entrepreneurship model were identified using the fuzzy Delphi method. The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire has been confirmed by experts and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaires is 79 percent, which shows a good level of reliability. The experts of this study consisted of 20 experts who were selected using snowball method. The model designed in this study includes four dimensions: individual level (cognitive processes, responsibility, individual commitment of entrepreneurs and individualism), organizational level (dynamic ability of the organization and competitive market), macro business environment (positive attitude towards service, positive attitude towards vendor, positive attitude towards the brand and positive attitude towards goods) and business ethics in Prophets' tradition and the Hadiths (Elements in accordance with the Holy Qur'an, and Hadiths). The results of qualitative content analysis and quantitative analysis show that whereas the dimensions of business ethics in Prophets’ tradition and hadiths with mean rank of 2.63 are the first priority, the dimensions of organizational level with an average rank of 2.55, the dimensions of the macro business environment with an average rank of 2.43 and the individual dimensions with an average rank 2.40 are the next priorities.

Religious tourism is one of the most prosperous and diverse types of tourism in the world. And according to the cultural-religious situations, the accessibility of this type of tourism in Iran sets the stage for growth and development among Islamic countries and the world. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-survey execution method and correlational type, which was carried out by mixed exploratory method. In the qualitative phase, the research team consists of 30 experts and university professors who have been selected using a targeted method and snowball technique. Also, in the quantitative stage, the statistical population consists of tourism experts , whose number is 2948 people, and 341 people were selected by simple random sampling to determine the sample size based on the Karjesi and Morgan table. The tools of data collection are interviews, documents and questionnaires, and the fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify and rank the dimensions and components. Also, the exploratory factor analysis method was used to fit the model. Based on the data analysis, the research findings showed. Ten main dimensions: accommodation, transportation, visiting centers, reception centers, stores, environment and energy, travel agencies and tours, security and safety, management and economy, information and communication, are the most important factors affecting the supply chain in Iran's religious tourism industry.

Intuitions are non-voluntarily created emotional opinions that are stimulated through unconscious cooperation, which can play an important role in the growth and development of small and medium-sized businesses of entrepreneurs in unfavorable economic conditions. In this regard, it was done with the aim of identifying the components of entrepreneurial intuition in small and medium-sized businesses in conditions of economic uncertainty. This research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of Grounded Theory method, which is based on database method. A semi-structured interview tool was used to collect data. Based on this, 15 university faculty members with specialized fields of management and entrepreneurship and 5 experts in small and medium businesses in Golestan province were interviewed using the method of judgmental purposeful sampling until theoretical saturation was reached. Then, the extracted concepts were coded using the Grounded Theory method. Based on the obtained results, 27 categories with 60 concepts and 154 codes were designed in the axial coding phase of the final paradigm model. The results showed the factors of intuitive judgment, creative intuition, problem solving intuition, strategic opportunity intuition, intuitive insight, moral intuition, experimental intuition, social intuition, informational intuition, intuitive thinking as causal factors that create entrepreneurial intuition in small and medium businesses in conditions of uncertainty. Economic factors were found to be the most important factors influencing the use of entrepreneurial intuition in small and medium businesses. suggestions were made in order to realize the success of entrepreneurs' businesses in the conditions of economic uncertainty.

Entrepreneurial strategic renewal causes extensive changes in the organization and the adaptability of the organization to the various needs of the stakeholders. The purpose of the present study was, therefore, to present a model of entrepreneurial strategic renewal with an emphasis on green brand value in the transportation deputy of Tehran Municipality. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation based on the adopted method. In the first step, the effective factors on entrepreneurial strategic renewal were identified with an emphasis on green brand value based on semi-structured interviews with 15 academic and organizational experts using the Delphi method in three rounds. The output of this stage was 36 components in the form of 9 dimensions (innovation and creativity, resources and capabilities of the organization, learning and changing the mental models of managers, empowerment and freedom of action, service dynamics, strategy, redefinition of marketing mix strategies, extraorganizational factors and intra-organizational factors). Then, in the second step, interpretive structural modeling method was used to present the model. The results showed that the dimension of learning and changing mental models of managers in the first level and dimensions (innovation and services, redefining mixed strategies, resources and capabilities of the organization, extra-organizational factors and strategy) in the second level and dimensions (empowerment and freedom of action, dynamics of services and intra-organizational factors) are on the third level and the dimensions (innovation and creativity, resources and capabilities of the organization, strategy, redefinition of marketing mix strategies and extra-organizational factors) are in the linked cluster and dimensions (empowerment and freedom of action, service dynamics and intra-organizational factors) in the independent cluster and the dimension of learning and changing mental models of managers were placed in the dependent cluster. Finally, it can be said that the basis of the entrepreneurial strategic renewal model with an emphasis on green brand value are the dimensions (intraorganizational factors, empowerment and freedom of action, and service dynamics).

 Based on the life cycle theory, companies adopt particular economic policies in accordance with each stage of their economic life. That is to say that, they choose from among the available strategies, the one that could enhance their capital productivity. In this research, capital productivity has been investigated regarding the theory of life cycle. In this research, capital efficiency is studied using the ROIC index according to the theory of life cycle. The statistical population included those companies accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Through systematic elimination, a sample of 118 companies has been selected for the purpose of this study during 2011-2021.Findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the stages of growth and maturity with capital productivity. Also it was found that there is a negative and significant relationship between the stage of decline and the capital productivity is. It was witnessed that these relationships were moderated in various industries.

At present, the ability of companies in the field of financial interactions is important in terms of its broad relationship with their productivity. Based on this, the current research was conducted with the aim of presenting a model of financial empowerment in government, cooperative, and private small and medium-sized enterprises in two qualitative and quantitative stages.

This research was conducted with a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach. A grounded theory approach was used in the qualitative phase. In order to collect data in the qualitative phase, a semi-structured interview was used, and the sample size in the qualitative phase of this research was based on a purposeful and snowball method, including 17 experts in the fields of management, accounting, and ufinance, as well as experts with experience on the topic. The sample size in the quantitative section was estimated to be 384 people using the Cochran formula, who were selected using cluster sampling among all employees working in government, cooperative, and private small and medium-sized enterprises in Semnan province. Structural equation modeling technique was used to analyze quantitative data.Findings and conclusions. The data set obtained after the continuous process of open, axial and selective coding was organized in the form of 458 open codes, 63 sub-categories, 8 main categories and 6 categories. The results of the quantitative phase showed that all the assumptions of the qualitative phase were confirmed and statistically significant.

The present study provides a deep insight for managers by providing a .

The current research was conducted with the aim of providing a model of international strategic business renewal in the country's pharmaceutical industry in a combined manner in two qualitative and quantitative phases. In the first phase, the research data was obtained from in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 18 subject matter experts, including entrepreneurs, managers, and senior experts in the pharmaceutical industry in Tehran province, which was based on purposeful sampling dependent on the selection criteria and until reaching the theoretical saturation of this process continued. The validity of the research data was checked and confirmed by going back to the participants and external auditors. Data analysis was done based on the Strauss and Corbin model in the form of open, axial, and selective coding in the Atlas TI8 software. The results of the research showed that entrepreneurial, organizational, managerial, environmental, marketing, international strategy, lean supply chain, social component, organizational performance, and financial performance components are important in designing the international strategic renewal model of pharmaceutical industry businesses. In the second phase of the research, according to the managers and experts of the Ministry of Privacy, there were 681 elites of the Ministry of Privacy, of which 248 research samples were identified using Morgan's sample size table; The tool for collecting information in this section was a researcher-made questionnaire in a five-point Likert spectrum; In order to estimate the validity of the questionnaire, content validity was used using the CVR method and confirmatory factor analysis; Also, the reliability of the tool was estimated to be higher than 0.7 through Cronbach's alpha. The results showed that causal conditions with (0.39), contextual conditions with (0.55), and intervening conditions with (0.34) have an effect on strategies, and strategies have an effect on outcomes with (0.85).

The main objective of this research is to compare the status of Islamic banking in Iran with selected countries in the Islamic world. The present study is considered as an applied research in terms of its research objective, and a retrospective study in terms of its temporal dimension. The data collection was descriptive and correlational in nature, utilizing quantitative research methods to test hypotheses. Linear regression model was employed to test the hypotheses, and panel data econometrics using statistical software Eviews was utilized for data analysis.In this research, the statistical population consists of Islamic banks in the Islamic world, and the sample includes banks from Iran, Malaysia, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Bahrain, within the time frame of 2017 to 2021. To compare the status of Islamic banking in Iran with selected countries, the collected data is derived from statistics provided by the Securities and Exchange Organization for Iran, and data from the International Bank (Bank Scope) for the selected banks in Malaysia, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Bahrain.The appropriate research method employed in this study is a descriptive research method. It falls under the category of quantitative and descriptive research in the field of finance in terms of its purpose and applicability. Furthermore, considering that historical information has been used in testing its hypotheses, it can be regarded as past-oriented in terms of the temporal dimension. Additionally, in terms of data collection methods, it can be classified as a retrospective research.

The current research aims to investigate the qualitative components affecting the ethical decision-making of certified accountants under the conditions of restrictions on the right to choose and control the expected feeling of regret. Therefore, in this research, we are looking for an answer to this basic question: What are the dimensions and qualitative components that affect the ethical decision-making of certified accountants under the conditions of restrictions on the right to choose and control the expected feeling of regret? The statistical population of the current research consists of two groups, the first group includes professional experts and university professors, and the second group includes certified accountants. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to test research hypotheses. In order to answer the main question of the research, first with the fuzzy Delphi method and using past researches, each of which is under the field of professional ethics, accounting and financial issues, the dimensions and components of the research are identified and after the approval of the experts, using They were ranked by AHP method and then leveled by ISM method. The SEM method was used to measure the relationships between the research components, and finally, after the final fitting, the model of qualitative components affecting the ethical decision-making of certified accountants under the conditions of restrictions on the right to choose and controlling the expected feeling of regret was presented.

The fact that the past feelings and behaviors of company managers affect investors, and assessing its impact on the capital market, paves the way for managers and investors to make opportunistic choices. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between past earnings management and earning investor trust using financial information related to companies listed on the stock exchange during the period 1394 to 1399. For this purpose, multivariate linear regression methods based on panel data and fixed effects methods have been used. The results of this study show that companies 'unexpected earnings do not have a significant effect on earning investors' trust and the impact of the company's low earning management in the past has not affected this relationship. However, stock prices have reacted negatively and significantly to earnings, and companies' past low earnings management has moderated this effect. In other words, it can be said that earnings management in the past reduces the stock price response to earnings announcements.

This research aims to identify and analyze the factors that affect the supply chain of religious tourism in Iran. This applied research enjoys an exploratory mixed approach and a descriptive-correlation methodology. In the qualitative stage, the statistical population included 30 experts selected by objective judgment and snowball sampling method. In the quantitative stage, there were 950 religious tourism experts, out of whom 274 were determined to be the sample size based on the Krejcie and Morgan Table by simple random sampling. The structural equation modeling with Smart PLS3 software was used to analyze the relationships once the factors were identified using the Delphi method. The Delphi findings identified 98 factors in 10 dimensions (accommodation, transportation, tourism centers, reception in shopping centers, environment and energy, travel agencies and tours, security and safety, management and economy, and information and communication) that affect the supply chain of Iranian religious tourism. Also, the structural equations results revealed that the 10 aforementioned dimensions affected this supply chain positively and significantly by (0.495), (0.307), (0.386), (0.394), (0.361), (0.344), (0.332), (0.372), (0.420), and (0.389), respectively.

Environmental (external) and organizational (internal) factors are influential in the internationalization of businesses. The purpose of this study is to present a model of factors affecting the internationalization of businesses. The sample of expertise as well as statistical research includes 10 and 65 people who have worked in the field of businesses related to international entrepreneurship or have been informed. The required data are confirmed using a 5-point Likert questionnaire and reliability based on alpha test is more than 0.7 and validity based on the appropriate value for AVE is 0.5, and research variables include variables of product characteristics, product diversity, innovation in The product is international relations and internationalized businesses. Analysis of the collected data using structural equation method has shown that the four variables were approved as effective criteria for the internationalization process of small and medium businesses. Among these, the most agreement of experts was with the components of using the strategy of innovation and development of basic technologies. In the end, it is recommended that small and medium-sized business managers, instead of the usual goods that foreign buyers themselves are looking for, include other types of goods by showing examples in their minds and tastes in order to offer different types of goods. Expand.

The main goal of this research is to present the entrepreneurship model of organization based on sustainable development and value-creating relationships in the treatment department of the social security organization in the north of the country. The statistical population of the present research consists of two groups of theoretical and experimental experts, totaling 30 individuals. Moreover, the statistical population of the research includes the experts of the treatment department of the social security organization in the north of the country, from among whom, 146 participants were selected based Morgan's table as the research sample. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to test research hypotheses. In order to answer the main research question, first, the research components were identified using the fuzzy Delphi method and using past research studies in the literature, each of which is under the field of entrepreneurship. The research findings showed that there is a significant relationship between social capital and entrepreneurship in the treatment department of the social security organization in the north of the country. Also, the meaningful participation of the employees of the social security organization's treatment department in the area of entrepreneurship and subsequently sustainable development was confirmed.

The purpose of this research is to prioritize effective factors in electronic customer relationship management at Golestan Gas Company. In terms of method, this research is in the field of applied research, which is descriptive survey research. For data analysis, the opinions of organizational and experimental experts in the field of marketing management have been used. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire has been distributed to the statistical population of employees, experts, and deputies of Golestan Gas Company. Data analysis has been done by experts using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Delphi method using questionnaire tools. Also, the constituent elements of the electronic customer relationship management model have been determined from theoretical literature. The output of this step was to identify 50 components in the form of six main dimensions. The findings showed that the six main dimensions of electronic customer relationship management include communication, electronic, technological, managerial, informational, and driving factors.

Creating businesses compatible with the environment and providing competitive advantages for companies. Banks are vital in creating ecological balance through economic growth and development of this type of entrepreneurship by considering the environmental risks through the companies’ green financing. Taking into account the importance of the proper financing method in accomplishing the ideas of environmental entrepreneurs, the present research aimed to model the components affecting companies' green financing through the state banking system. This is mixed-method research. The first part included Grounded Theory (GT) and interviews with 36 experts selected through purposive and snowball sampling. After extracting 362 open codes, 77 subsidiary components and 21 principal components were identified. In the second part, 20 components with the highest code frequency were included, and by employing the interpretive structural modeling (ISM), the components’ relationship and sequences were classified into 6 levels. The results of MICMAC analysis revealed that components of understanding the conditions and requirements of green projects plus setting green goals for the banks concerning their mission are pretty effective in implementing green financing as a crucial factor in accomplishing sustainable entrepreneurship and the emergence of clean industries.

Today, the importance of start-up agricultural businesses is more than ever, and to achieve this, it is necessary to provide the right environment and conditions for start-up businesses. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the success of start-up agricultural businesses. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of implementation method, which was done with a mixed exploratory approach. The statistical population in the qualitative stage was 11 university experts who were selected by purposeful method and snowball. In the quantitative stage, all the experts of the country's new agricultural businesses were 200 people. Simple random sampling method was used. The Delphi method was used to identify the factors and the structural equation modeling method with Smart PLS3 software was used to analyze the relationships of the variables. The results showed that the factors affecting the success of start-up agricultural businesses include 51 components in the form of 9 dimensions (individual capabilities, human resources, environmental factors, marketing activities, financial issues, product development, customer satisfaction, strategy, networking). Also, the results of structural equations showed that individual capabilities (0.317), human resources (0.356), environmental factors (0.438), marketing activities (0.378), financial issues (0.404), product development (0.399) Customer satisfaction (0.415), Strategy (0.329), Networking (0.426) have a positive and significant effect on the success of start-up agricultural businesses. Finally, it can be said that the success of start-up agricultural businesses is an important strategy for promoting agricultural entrepreneurship.

The purpose of this study was to Provide a pattern for teaching the development of the children's market in Iran with a market-oriented approach in Iran. The research is applied in terms of purpose and method is qualitative, based on Grounded theory, which led to theorizing .Data collection was based on the design of a researcher-made interviews, which was validated by seven marketing professors in three rounds.In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 samples. Experts included scientific experts in the field of marketing and practical experts in the field of children's market Snowball sampling method and data collection continued to the point of theoretical saturation. Also, research data analysis was performed simultaneously with the interview. Then, three steps of open coding, axial coding and selective coding were performed.Research findings showed: The education of the child in the family and the community, as well as the training of personnel and managers active in the field of children's market are effective as ground conditions in the children's market. In the economic dimension, it increases income, boosts the business environment and develops the child market And In the social dimension, it increases satisfaction and creates a favorable image, as a consequence of this market. As a result of this research, using the foundation data method, it is one of the first studies on the children's market. The model presented in this research can be used as a basis for the development of children's market education.

Due to the importance of financial structure in various fields, recognizing the major factors that affect the financing of projects and firms, is significant and important so that each company can take into account those determining and effective factors and the extent of impact. Each should plan and decide on their financial structure. The present study has identified and categorized the factors affecting the financing of social businesses through the banking industry. This research is applied and methodologically mixed. In the qualitative stage; the data collection tool was a qualitative and in-depth interview with experts. The statistical population included banking industry experts with a sample size of 15 people by purposeful judgment sampling to reach the theoretical saturation point. Findings were analyzed using data foundation theory. In a quantitive step ; the data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the statistical sample of the research included 150 bank managers in the country. Data analysis was performed by using structural equation modeling , SPSS and Smart PLS software. Then, using the obtained factors as sub-criteria and main components as pairwise comparison criteria, the ranking of social business financing instruments by AHP method according to the opinions of experts was shown so that the highest rank in terms of the factors required to finance social businesses through the banking industry is related to the factor of consequences and then respectively to the strategies, the pivital phenomenon, the intervening conditions, the grounding conditions and finally the causal conditions.

Today, advances in financial technologies include robotic financial transactions, payments made through Today, advances in financial technologies include robotic financial transactions, payments made through cryptocurrency-free operating systems, fundraising platforms, financial consulting, technical and robotic assistance through cyberspace, and the latest virtual coins that have recently been developed. The value of global investment in current financial technologies has been significant in recent years. Accordingly, in this study, the issue of drawing a coherent horizon in order to develop a strategy with financial technologies in Iranian commercial banks has been addressed. The statistical population of the research includes all the participants from among the experts in the number of 20 experts and academic experts in the fields of accounting, finance, management, banking and economics in the field of commercial banks in Iran who have reached theoretical saturation.. The research method is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) and all the required data and information have been collected. Then, to test the research hypotheses, it has been prepared through theoretical foundations and field investigation (distribution of 384 questionnaires). Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques such as Cronbach's alpha tests, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and structural equation modeling (SEM) have been used to analyze the data. In the qualitative part, the key criteria of the research were identified by fuzzy Delphi method. Then by conducting factor analysis and structural analysis, the results showed that each of the components of financial strategies, financial technology, conditions and features of the banking system environment, intervening factors and ...

The present study aims to analyze the importance of the matrix - the performance of the indicators of the commercialization of knowledge based products with emphasis on resilient economy policies in knowledge based companies based on The centers of growth in the north of the country (Golestan and Mazandaran). The purpose of the research is applied and the method of research is of mixed type. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative section includes academic experts and relevant managers and experts in knowledge-based companies and in the small part of the managers and authorities responsible for knowledge-based companies. Sampling was targeted in the qualitative section and in a quantitative random stratified sampling. In the qualitative section, 20 people participated in the interview process and in the small part with 118 people, 97 participants participated as examples. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made interview and interview. To analyze the data, the coding method in the qualitative section and in the small part of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were analyzed using SPSS and PLS software. Designed with 7 indicators in commercialization and 5 indicators in resistance economy. Regarding the confirmation of path coefficient, t statistic and p-value, resistance indexes on commercialization have a significant and direct effect. Also, based on the ranking and prioritization results that were performed based on the Matrix-Importance-Performance Analysis (IPMA), the managerial and economic index ranked first in terms of both importance and performance

The current study was conducted with the aim of designing a model of financial agility in the supply chain process of companies through the structural equation modeling approach.

The research method is descriptive-applied and exploratory-qualitative in terms of its purpose. The statistical population of this study included managers, business experts, and university professors. The sample included 384 participants who were selected based on Karjesi and Morgan sampling method. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire. To determine the validity of the questionnaire, the content analysis approach and interviews with academic experts were used, and to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, both Cronbach's alpha coefficients and composite reliability were used. To analyze the data and explain the research model, first, the fuzzy Delphi method was used to find the effective items of the present study. Then, using exploratory factor analysis, first-order factor analysis, second-order factor analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to determine and explain the final model.

The findings of the first hypothesis of this study showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the causal conditions and the central category. The result of the second hypothesis showed a significant positive relationship between contextual factors and the central category. The result of the third hypothesis indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between the intervening factors and the central category. The result of the fourth hypothesis showed that there is a significant positive relationship between core category and key strategies. Regarding the result of the fifth hypothesis, the findings showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the strategy and the expected outcomes. Originality / Value: According to the results obtained in this study, it can be said that based on each of the intra-organizational, technological and human factors in the supply chain process of commercial companies, the expected outcomes of the financial agility model can be achieved.

Entrepreneurship has important role in development and expansion of health tourism. The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of faculty members on entrepreneurships in health tourism.

This qualitative study was performed using the foundation data approach. Participants were selected via purposive sampling. Nineteen faculty members at Golestan University of Medical Sciences were interviewed in 2020. The individual and semi-structured interviews were conducted and continued until data saturation was achieved. The data was analyzed based on the foundation data approach.

Based on the results, 554 primary codes, 56 sub-categories and nine main categories were obtained. The main categories included tourism laws and standards, health tourism beneficiaries, development of entrepreneurial strategies, facilitation of health tourism infrastructure, quality of health tourism services, Iran's tourist attractions, gaining competitive advantage, technology and modern knowledge, and entrepreneurial management.

Based on the results, having an entrepreneurial approach in the field of health tourism can turn nursing and medical sciences capacities in the Golestan Province into prosperity.

Drought, population growth, industrialization of society, and expansion of urbanization are the factors that have led to the crisis of water resources in the country, In this regard, social marketing has an effective role in improving the pattern of water consumption. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the factors affecting social marketing in the field of water and wastewater industry. This research was applied in terms of purpose and since the implementation method was a descriptive survey with a mixed exploratory. approach. In the qualitative stage, the research team consisted of 16 academic and organizational experts who were selected by the targeted method and snowball technique. In the quantitative stage of the statistical population, there were 3500 water and sewage experts in the country. The sample size was determined to be 346 according to Krejcie and Morgan’s table and a simple random sampling method was used. The content analysis method was used to identify the factors and the method of the structural equation was used to analyze the relationships of variables with Smart PLS software. The results showed that the effective factors of social marketing include 20 components in the form of 6 dimensions (self-concept-perceived behavioral control-religiosity-mental norms-attitude-moral norms). Also, the results of structural equations showed that attitude factors with a coefficient (0.436) have the most and religiosity with a coefficient (0.310) has the least effect on social marketing.

Recognising and investigating stock return behaviour has always been one of the most critical issues in scientific and investment communities. In recent years, factor models have been used in many studies related to stock return prediction. This research is based on a six-factor model, including the Fama-French five-factor model plus the market fragility factor. The explanatory power of this model has been examined in the Tehran securities market from 2009 to 2018 for 117 companies. The results show that the explanatory power of the six-factor model is better than the Fama-French five-factor model in the Iranian capital market. The results also suggest that market fragility has a significant negative relationship with stock returns. Policymakers can consider this result in financial and investment issues and people interested in this issue.