peyman adibi sedeh

Context: 

Neuroticism is associated with a heightened experience of bodily sensations and pain. This suggests that psychosocial factors can affect biological mechanisms. However, it is unclear whether fibromyalgia (FM) is associated with neuroticism and how these factors may be related.

 This study attempted to incorporate recent studies on fibromyalgia and neuroticism to comprehensively explain it.

 In this systematic review and meta-analysis based on the PRISMA guidelines (2020), PubMed, Psych INFO, Social Sciences, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were searched for quantitative studies published up to August 31, 2022.

 Nineteen cross-sectional studies met the meta-analytic inclusion criteria, totaling 7,881 participants. The meta-analysis demonstrated high levels of neuroticism in fibromyalgia patients compared with control groups (Hedges’ g = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.54 − 1.02; P < 0.001). This meta-analysis provides evidence of the role of neuroticism as a contributing factor in the development and manifestation of fibromyalgia. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were also conducted to investigate the potential moderators that might have influenced the effect size. The results of the meta-regression and subgroup analyses revealed that the health condition of the control group and the sex of the participants were significant moderators affecting the effect size.

 The results suggest that neuroticism should be specifically assessed and targeted in fibromyalgia interventions, especially in women. Furthermore, there should be particular emphasis on the mechanisms through which neuroticism may contribute to an increased risk of persistent pain and somatic complaints. As a result, fibromyalgia patients with high neuroticism levels should receive multimodal interventions to address neuroticism.

This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of Persian version of Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Behavioral Responses Questionnaire (IBS-BRQ).

In addition to somatic symptoms and complaints, patients with irritable bowel syndrome have specific dysfunctional behaviors that lead to disease persistence and functional disturbance.

Participants included 170 patients with irritable bowel syndrome, who were diagnosed based on ROM-IV criteria and selected from patients referring to the Gastrointestinal Disorders Clinic, as well as 100 persons from the general populationin Isfahan in 2020. Both groups completed the 26-item Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Behavioral Responses Questionnaire (IBS-BRQ). Also, questionnaires including the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS), Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Quality of Life IBS-QOL, Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R), Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Patient Satisfaction (IBS-SAT), Hope Scale, Interpersonal Forgiveness Inventory (IFI), and Dysfunctional Attitude Scale-26-item (DAS-26) were completed to determine the validity of IBS-BRQ. Tests of internal consistency, principal components analyses (PCAs), differentiation analysis, and correlation were used to determine its reliability, along with criterion and construct validity.

IBS-BRQ was valid and reliable in both groups with a high degree of internal consistency. Cronbach's alpha was obtained in the sample of patients with IBS and the total sample of participants 0.87 and 0.95 respectively. This scale differentiated significantly between IBS patients and non-patients (p<.001). The criterion validity was high as evidenced by a high correlation with DAS-26 (r=0.53, p<0.001), IBS-QOL (r=0.76, p<0.001), IBS-SSS(r=0.44, p<0.001), IPQ-R(r=0.56, p<0.001), and reverse correlation with IFI (r=-0.031, p<0.001), IBS-SAT(r=-0.23, p<0.001), and HOPE (r=-0.49, p<0.001).

The Persian version of the IBS-BRQ proved to be a well-defined behavioral response measure in IBS patients with high validity and reliability, making it a suitable measure to be used in future IBS clinical research in Iran.

 There is considerable information about the interrelation of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and psychological disorders, called gut-brain interaction. Physiological and psychological variables have been linked with the etiology and severity of IBS. The nocebo effect (the opposite of placebo) is defined as increase in pain or other symptoms after use of an inactive or inert treatment/agent purported to increase pain or unpleasant symptoms. Some psychological mechanisms of nocebo include expectancies, conditioning, learning, memory, motivation, somatic focus, reward, anxiety, and meaning. Moreover, neurobiological factors are associated with the etiology of this phenomenon. The aim of present study is a discussion of the definition, existence, prevalence, etiology, and characteristics of the nocebo effect in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

 This paper presents a scoping review of the existence, frequency, and importance of the nocebo effect in IBS patients. Data sources included PubMed, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and Scopus which were searched from their inception dates to 2022.

 The review of the obtained articles showed that psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, psychological distress, and some personality traits such as neuroticism are related to the occurrence of nocebo responses in IBS patients.

 The psychological factors associated with nocebo responses include expectancies, conditioning, learning, memory, patient’s personality. Moreover, societal factors and the quality of the patient-physician interaction, and neurobiological factors influence the process of diagnosis, course, and treatment of IBS through nocebo responses. Compared to the extensive research data related to the placebo effect, there is little information and few articles on the role of nocebo, especially in FGIDs. This paper summarizes the scope and importance of the nocebo effect and IBS and its interrelations with psychological factors like personality, anxiety, depression, and psychological distress.