rasoul ajalloeian

Much research has been done so far in predicting the performance of tunnel boring machines in rock, but previous studies have often been conducted in conditions where chipping is the dominant mode, and machine performance prediction models have also been developed in these conditions. When, for any reason, the thrust force is not enough to penetrate the rock and the cutting is not complete, the efficiency of the existing models reduces, and new models should be provided for grinding conditions. In this study, the data obtained from the southern extension of Tehran subway Line 6 (SEL6), which part of its route was located in the Cretaceous limestone units and due to the insufficient disc cutter thrust, grinding was the dominant mode, was evaluated. The purpose of implementing different machine learning algorithms is to predict the penetration rate of cutterhead in studied limestone in grinding conditions. So, different linear and non-linear regression algorithms have been implemented and finally, the results have been compared. Since some of these algorithms are among the latest machine learning approaches, the prediction error is much less than in conventional regression methods.

Core drilling is one of the most important processes in geotechnical and mining projects, and accurate of the factors affecting its efficiency is importance role in advancing the project. In this study, the effect of geological factors of Nakhlak mine samples has been investigated and their effect on drilling penetration rate has been evaluated.According to the researches on four rock types from Nakhlak mine, about 35 thousand meters of core drilling, it has been determined that by reducing sorting (well grading), unite weight and rock engineering properties (strength, durability, Seismic waves velocity ...) increase and the amount of porosity and water absorption decreases. This causes the decrease penetration rate of rocks. The amount of quartz mineral in the rock is also an important factor in reducing the penetration rate. Dolomitic matrix of rocks can increase porosity and penetration rate. One of the most important factor affecting on penetration rate in rock mass is the density of joints and RQD. The results show that the penetration rate increase as 160% in exchange RQD index from 60% to 80%.

Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the role of the principles of the theory of land ethics in monitoring the environmental impacts of civil projects. The present study is a field study. The research community includes all human communities, water resources and ecosystems (vegetation, animals, etc.) within the boundaries of the ghomroud tunnel project site. The data was collected using a field observations method and a series of field visits of site design (Geological survey in the city of Aligoudarz). Data analysis has been done with the help of descriptive statistics that have been interpreted in terms of land's theory of ethics. The results of the studies indicate that the ghomroud tunnel drilling operations, to changed the hydrology regime (the reduction dubai of springs and wells), migrating villagers , Weakening of agriculture and the local economy network, Impact on the habitat of plant-animal species, the impact on the region's image (the potential of the geotourism industry) led. Hydrogeological regime change in the region and social consequences, was related by geological conditions during drilling (existence of crushed zones, folding, slope of layers, lithological changes, etc.) in site design (Geological Zone of Sanandaj, Sirjan). Other implications of the project are also indirectly related to the geological conditions of the region.According to the results, it can be said that thinking of preventive measures to control the environmental consequences of such a project depends directly on the way of thinking and ethical planning of planners (relative to the environment).

In massive mechanized tunneling projects, there is a need for extensive geological studies. These studies require sufficient knowledge of various fields of geology . In this research, the view of graduates of engineering geology, about educational and industrial experiences has been studied.This research is a descriptive survey. The research population consisted of all active engineers of geology in the country. By using simple random sampling, 50 people were selected. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire, and data were interpreted using descriptive statistics.The results of the survey show that in many specialized courses and in undergraduate practical units, technological applications of topics in related industries have not been addressed. From the perspective of the population of the statistical community, the current curriculum needs to be reviewed and new lessons need to be developed. The results show that a small part of the students' practical units in applied spaces are performed. According to people, in the field of postgraduate studies, a significant proportion of theses have a theoretical and fundamental aspect. On the other hand, there is no research collaboration in interdisciplinary research between geological colleges and engineering faculties (electronics, mechanics, etc.). .The results show that, in the current situation, the revision of educational topics and the wider activity of geological associations can enhance the potential of geology graduates in industrial jobs. Therefore, in this paper, with a brief overview of the conditions of geological groups and the country's mechanized drilling industry, suggestions are presented to solve the challenges.

In the academic and industrial environments of Iran, there is little understanding of the relationship between geological science and technical branches of mechanics and electronics. Such concepts are not explained in Iran's higher education curriculum, and almost no source of research has been published in Persian. The history of collaborative studies between mechanical engineers and geoscientists can be considered at the onset of the topics of the Terramechanics. In this research, by studying the excavation conditions in Bazideraz tunnel, the necessity of initiation of interdisciplinary studies of geology graduates with the mechanical engineers in higher education and industries of the country is discussed. In this paper, with the analysis of the operational parameters of the TBM and the study of geological conditions, discusses how to change the structure of the TBM. The results show that in this project, in order to adapt the structure of the machine to the geological conditions of the route, a series of structural reforms including the removal of 26 thrust jacks, the installation of 9 probe drilling holes in the shield, the removal of all passive articulation cylinders (16 jacks), a change in the arrangement of the disc cutters, and the construction of 7 gearbox converters to increase the rotary speed of the cutterhead, inevitable.

Rock mass deformation modulus (Erm) has been considered as the most typical parameter illustrating the pre-failure mechanical behavior of rock mass. Erm is a basic input parameter for most rock engineering projects including tunneling, support designing, foundation designing, etc. For these purposes, it is necessary to obtain this parameter before starting numerical modeling. Intact rock elastic modulus is measured by uniaxial compression strength test in laboratories. But, the existence of discontinuities, makes a great difference between the mechanical properties of rock mass and intact rock. Erm can be estimited by emprical equations or determined by in-situ tests such as plate loading, dilatometer, flat jacking, and radial jacking tests. The plate loading test is a common test to determaining rock mass deformation modulus of rock mass that has been used in several project around the world. Erm of rock masses in Bakhtiari dam site is determined by Plate loading tests using different loading plate sizes and different stress values. Bakhtiari dam site is located in southwest part of Iran, almost 70 km northeast of Andimeshk city (Khuzestan province), and 65 km southwest of Dorud city (Lorestan province). In recent paper, it has been compared the obtained Erm from plate loading tests with different stress values and different plate sizes Plate loading tests at Bakhtiari Dam site are carried out using rigid loading plates with diameters of 650 and 915 mm and under maximum stresses equal to 20 and 40 MPa. In this test, two opposite areas in test galleries are loaded using rigid loading plates by means of hydraulic pump system. During tests, the rock displacements are measured using borehole extensometers that fixed in several positions inside the boreholes drilled in the center of each loading area. The deeper extensometer in each borehole (used as a fixed point) is positioned at the end of borehole at depths more than 6 m. Erm is calculated according to ASTM D 4394 – 08.
In case of two maximum stress values of 20 and 40 MPa, no significant difference is evaluated. Conversely, using two different diameter plates in same position result in significant differences between results. For high quality rock masses, the larger the plate diameter is, the greater the evaluated Erm is. This difference is recognized related to the ratio of gallery dimension proportional to loading plate size.

In the current study, the effects of acid and alkaline rains on the physical properties of a particular type of clay with low plasticity is evaluated. In order to reproduce the process of interaction between artificial rain and soil, an infiltration setup was fabricated. Solutions of diluted sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and dissolved sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were used to create acidic or alkaline rains, respectively. Distilled water was also used as a reference pH value. Subsequently, the reconstituted samples in a mold are infiltrated by acid or alkaline rains in different pH levels and different fluxes of rainfall. Atterberg limits, Coefficient of permeability, California bearing ratio (CBR) test, and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the soil samples were evaluated, to investigate the changes of the mechanical properties of the soil after being exposed to acid or alkaline rain. The obtained results indicated that acidic contamination had a strong influence on the strength characteristics of soils, and the mineralogy of the clay fraction as well as the concentration of acid in the pore fluid could significantly influence the stress-strain behavior of studied soil. However, further decrease in pH (pH=3) and increase in rain fluxes (20 years) caused a significant reduction of the strength. Furthermore, the results indicate that the values of the LL, PI and the soil permeability has increased and the unconfined compressive strength and the CBR has decreased as the artificial rain become more acidic or alkaline, and precipitation years increased from one-year to twenty-years.

Tensile failures including tensile cracks on the upper part of instable slopes, earth fissures, tensile cracks in earth dams, and any kind of tensile failures resulted from tensile stresses within soil body are considered as important engineering geological features. Studying tensile strength and deformation characteristics of soils can have a great role in the prevention of adverse phenomena resulted from tensile failures in soils. The Varamin collapsible soils are subjected to tensile fractures and earth fissuring because of the tensile stresses raised from the land subsidence of the Varamin plain. Therefore, in this study, the strength and deformation characteristics of these soils were investigated at undisturbed, reconstituted and treated states. Results indicate that, when undisturbed collapsible soils are subjected to tensile stresses, they show a low tensile strength and behave brittle in tension. Reconstituted soils have a lower tensile strength in comparison with undisturbed soils and behave very soft and fail easily in tension. Treated soils have a higher tensile strength in comparison with undisturbed soils and behave more ductile in tension and tolerate more deformation before tensile failure. Results indicate that the treatment of the collapsible soils with stabilizer materials together with compaction is an efficient method for strengthening these soils against tensile stresses and for improving their performance in tension.

In this paper, initial microstructure effect of salt rock on its deformation behavior was investigated. Studied samples were taken from Deh Kuyeh salt diapir located at about 27 km NE of Lar city, Fars province. Initial microstructure of two samples from the top of the fountain and one sample from middle part of the diapiric stem were studied by electron backscatter diffraction at Otago University, New Zealand. A slight difference was observed between the initial microstructure of the samples. In the sample from the stem, most grains had been internally deformed, and the grain size is smaller and frequency of low angle boundaries is higher than those in the sample from top of the fountain. The uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus and tensile strength values of this sample are lower and its elastic strain, creep strain and creep rate under axial stress of 12 MPa are higher than those in the sample from top of the fountain which can be due to the higher percent of microscopic pores along its grain boundaries. In contrast, the dominant deformation mechanism in the samples from top of the fountain is the grain growth via grain boundary migration. This mechanism removes voids and defects within the grains and along the grain boundaries. Therefore, these samples have higher values of strength and elastic modulus and their grains more easily deformed plastically during mechanical tests.

The study area of this research is located in the geological zone of Sanandaj, Sirjan. In this area, numerous tectonic movements have caused a lot of faults, crushed zones and numerous fractures in the rock masses. In the Site studies of the 3rd and 4th tunnel sections of ghomroud, subplane studies have been limited and the findings from exploratory boreholes have not led to the identification of subsurface conditions in critical areas. The adverse geological conditions have caused TBM stops and long-delayed delays (about 600 days of complete stop) in the drilling process. Faults zones are main effective causes of the TBM stops. In this study, with a two-dimensional ainversion of resistivity data,, the potential of geophysical studies of the design for the identification of subsurface conditions in the drilling pathway has been investigated. Based on the results of two-dimensional analysis, the distribution of geological layers based on their specific resistance is presented. There are several zones with a very low specific resistance to the tunnel route, which is in accordance with the location of crushed and fault zones, as well as lithological changes in the drilling path. Two-dimensional processing of resistance data provides the possibility of obtaining relevant information on subterranean conditions that could be used in the stage of site studies (Locating of exploration borehole and ...) as well as in the implementation of the tunnel

In order to decrease the destructions due to landslides, it’s important and unavoidable to recognize and to map the hazard zonations. For this, different mehods are utilized by researchers in other countries with specific conditions. In this paper, landslide inventory map has been prepared and then the effective parameters on the landslides in the study area have been investigated. Finally, some empirical methods such as Mora-Varson and Nilson methods with bivariate Statistical and Artificial Neural Network(ANN) methods are selected by using comparison of various methods between original locations and this study area in Behesht Abad Dam reservoir. In consequence of landslide hazard zonation mapping by above mentioned methods, some relations including empirical Probability Factor(P), Landslide Index(Li) and Reciever Operating Characteristic(ROC) Curves are used to evaluate the accuracy of each method. Finally, the results of ROC curves and calculation of Area Under ROC Curve(AUC) are based for evaluation of accuracy. Therefore, Artificial Neural Network and Statistical methods are selected to provide suitable maps in this area.

Water transmission Channels in irrigation networks usually constructed on soils. Geotechnical properties of the soils must be evaluated exactly in channel routs. Fine grain soils that may be swelling, dispersion, collapsible and soluble, can make most problems for channels. If the soil has been a swelling function, its volume will be increase during wetting and it cause to raise and break the channel concrete lining. While the soils have dispersion and collapse properties or contain some soluble materials, its structure will be changed and settled. Then, the channel will be destroyed.This paper evaluate the geotechnical properties of south Roudasht and Mahyar irrigation channels in Isfahan province and Soork irrigation channel in Chaharmahal va Bakhtyari province. As encounter to soluble, dispersive and collapsible soils, we present suitable treatments such as soil exchange, flooding with loading and channels waterproofing.