rasul jalili marandi

In order to investigate the effect of cycocel on some biochemical characteristics of two olive cultivars (Mary and Mission), a greenhouse experiment was conducted taking into account three factors of: cycocel at three levels (0, 500 and 1000 mg L-1), drought stress of three levels (irrigated at 5, 10 and 15 days intervals) and tow olive cultivars (Mary and Mission) in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicates for the lasted four months. In the end of experiment the results showed that increased periods of drought have increased catalase activity (10.486 µm min-1/g Fw-1), ascorbate peroxidase (10.129 µm min-1/g Fw-1) and guaiacol peroxidase (17.879 µm min-1/g Fw-1). Anthocyanin content, total phenols and malondialdehyde content in both cultivars increased with drought stress too. Also, cycocel treatments increased the catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activity and decreased the malondialdehyde content as compared with the control. The plants treated with 500 mg L-1 cycocel, showed significant decreased in the anthocyanin content (12.137 µm/g FW) in leaf compared with the control (13.629 µm/g FW). Mission cultivar showed higher resistance to drought stress than the Mary cultivar. Results suggested that cycocel treatment can neutralize some negative effects of drought stress in Mary and Mission cultivars of olive.

Grapevine is one of the most important fruit crops in the world. Seedless grapes are a type of grapevine that is preferred by most fruit consumers. Seedless grapevines are induced via either stenospermocarpy or parthenocarpy. Grapevine is one of important fruit crops with abundant nutrition materials that utilized by consumers from past. Breeding of seedless grapes is one of the important aim of breeders. Embryo rescue technique can provide new seedless grapes with desirable characteristics. In this study the effect of sprays with benzyladenine and male parent on embryo germination in Askari × Bidane Sefid and Askari × Bidane Ghermez crosses was investigated. Results showed that benzyladenine sprays and interaction between benzyladenine and male parent had significant effect on embryo germination, as highest germination was observed in Askari × Bidane Sefid cross (5.26%) that treated with benzyladenine. Interaction between benzyladenine sprays and male parent also had significant effect on callused, collapsed and enlarged ovules.

A number of grapevine cultivars have female flowers and for better fruit set, they need pollinizer. Single planting of these cultivars leads to severe decrease in fruit set. This research was carried out to investigate the effect of cross pollination with four grape cultivars (Askari, Rish baba, Bidane sefid and Tabarze sefid) on fruit set, bunch weight, berry per cluster, average weight of 20 berries, TA, TSS, pH and berry color of cv. Qezel ouzum to compare self and open pollination. Experiment was based on RCBD with four replications and seven treatments. Pollen germination of maternal parent was tested in both solid and liquid media culture. Results showed that cluster and rachis weight, %fruit set, berry number and pH were significantly affected by pollen sources. The heaviest bunch and the highest %fruit set of ‘Qezel ozum’ was obtained when cross pollinated with ‘Bidane sefid’. No pollen germination was observed in both culture media and no berry set in vineyard conditions in self pollination treatment. Based on these finding, Qezel ouzum of urmia is a male sterile cultivar which requires suitable pollinizer for commercial production.