reza ghasemi

Patients undergoing surgical replacement of cardiac valves face various physical, psychological, and social problems. This situation leads to changes in quality of life parameters, especially in women of reproductive ages.
This study aimed to determine the effect of family-centered education on the quality of life of women of reproductive age with a history of cardiac valve replacement.
This randomized intervention-control prospective study was performed on 62 patients and their companions. Participants were selected in terms of inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to control and test groups. First, the quality of life questionnaire participants completed SF-36. Then, the test group received a family-centered education program in four sessions. Immediately after the intervention and one month later, we measured patients' quality of life. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 using Chi-square, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, and Friedman test.
The results of the Friedman test showed that the mean score of total quality of life was significantly different in the intervention group (P = 0.02), but this difference was not significant in the control group (P = 0.23). 
Based on the results of this study, family-centered education can improve the quality of life of women of reproductive age with a history of cardiac valve replacement. The purposeful, scientific, and guided family interactions with the patient and the patients' close relationship and dependence on relatives and families can be considered the leading cause of this effect.

Considering the importance of the image of the future for understanding performance in social life, the purpose of this research is the image of the future; Conceptualization, design and validation of the questionnaire and its relationship with social capital (with an emphasis on youth). The first part of the current research is Mixed Method and an exploratory sequential design has been used. A qualitative study was conducted with thematic analysis approach and 15 people were selected by convenience and volunteer sampling method and data analysis was done using Braun & Clarke's method.  In the quantitative method, 331 people voluntarily participated and the validity and reliability of the data were validated using Spss and Smart-pls software. The findings showed that in the qualitative stage, the image of the future includes “positive perspective" and "negative perspective" and these findings were also confirmed in the quantitative stage. In the second part, 110 people participated voluntarily and the findings showed that there is a significant correlation between “positive perspective" and "negative perspective" with social capital at the level of 0.01. Considering the importance of the image of the future and its changeability and its positive role in social capital, the findings of this research have important implications for experts in the fields of future studies and officials related to general government policies in the field of appropriate action for young people.

The dynamics of many mobile devices in water are interactive and none linear. In particular, due to the assignment of incomplete and insufficient actuators, complex dynamics can be seen clearly in the Hovercraft. In this device, the dynamics changes greatly in each maneuver (different speeds). By turning the rudder for lateral movement, the longitudinal channel is affected and also by changing the longitudinal speed, the dynamics of the lateral channel is completely transformed. In this research, by identifying the dynamics of the system, a non-interference linear model is first extracted. For the obtained transfer function, with certain requirements, the controller is designed for the longitudinal, lateral velocity channel and angular velocity channel. As stated, this controller is designed for a specific situation and does not necessarily behave optimally for all maneuvers or uncertainties in the Hovercraft's system specifications. Inevitably, with the reinforcement learning method and specifically with the Monte-Carlo learning algorithm, the primary controller gains are adjusted offline for all possible situations (maneuvers and uncertainties). It should be mentioned that all the calculation load is done off-line, the result is applied to the primary control system as correction gains and is used on-line for the control process. The research results show that by adjusting the controller with the help of machine learning, at least %25 improvement in the tracking error is prosecuted.

An intramyocardial dissection hematoma is a rare event usually caused by hemorrhagic dissection among the spiral myocardial. Herein, we reported a senile man with Intramyocardial dissection hematoma who presented with neglected myocardial infarction

Hypertension is a risk factor for heart and blood vessel diseases, so it is crucial to teach patients how to control their hypertension and follow up on the training implementation. Accordingly, the present study aims to examine the effect of training according to the American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) clinical practice guideline, with and without follow-up through telenursing on stage 1 hypertension among older adult patients with stable angina pectoris.

This is quasi-experimental research conducted in 2021 with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The study subjects were 59 patients with stage I hypertension suffering from stable angina pectoris who were referred to Ahmadieh Heart Clinic affiliated with Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydarieh City, Iran. The participants were recruited by targeted sampling and were assigned into intervention (n=30) and control (n=29) groups using the balanced block randomization. Both groups underwent lifestyle modification training based on ACC/AHA clinical practice guideline. In the experimental group, follow-up was done through telenursing once a week for three months, and the control group followed the clinic’s standard services. The data were gathered using a demographic set of questions and an aneroid sphygmomanometer. The obtained data were analyzed using the t-test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon test, and Fisher exact test in SPSS software, version 20. The significance level was set at P<0.05.

Compared to before the intervention, systolic blood pressure (P=0.009) and diastolic blood pressure (P=0.019) of the experimental group decreased significantly after the intervention. However, no significant difference was seen in the average pulse pressure (P=0.125) of the intervention group after the intervention. After the intervention, the systolic (P=0.001) and diastolic (P=0.002) blood pressure, as well as pulse pressure (P=0.006) of the intervention group, decreased significantly compared to the control group.

Telenursing is suggested as an efficient method of controlling and managing hypertension in older adults with stable angina pectoris.

Context: 

The gastrointestinal microbiota is pivotal in cardiovascular surgery outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesize current evidence regarding the impact of gut microbiota on postoperative metabolomic markers and patient recovery.

Evidence Acquisition: 

Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane's CENTRAL databases. Studies involving patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery and reporting on gut microbiota were included. Data extraction focused on study characteristics and metabolomic outcomes. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) assessed the risk of bias.

Six studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 530 patients. Meta-analysis revealed that a beneficial gut microbiota profile is associated with less increase in LDL cholesterol (Mean Difference: 14.4 mg/dL, SE: 0.816), a smaller decrease in HDL cholesterol (Mean Difference: -4.9 mg/dL, SE: 0.437), a lower rise in triglycerides (Mean Difference: 11.2 mg/dL, SE: 0.552), and a reduced elevation in CRP levels (Mean Difference: 2.4 mg/L, SE: 0.291) post-surgery. The overall risk of bias ranged from moderate to low across studies.

The findings suggest that gut microbiota composition significantly influences lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses post-cardiovascular surgery. A favorable microbiota profile may provide a protective effect against postoperative complications. These insights underline the potential for microbiota-modulating interventions in enhancing cardiovascular surgery outcomes.

This article aims to control the group flight of unmanned helicopters. After presenting the dynamic equations using the Newton-Euler method, the dynamic inversion control has been applied to control the position and attitude of helicopters. generalized predictive control was also used to control the position and attitude of the helicopter. And the results of the simulation of these two controllers were compared, which showed the better performance of the predictive control. Therefore, in the design of the formation control, the independent control of the helicopters was done using the predictive control method. To control the formation, the method based on the leader-follower model has been used, An integral sliding mode controller is also used to control the dynamics of the formation error. The results of the simulation showed the success of the tracking by increasing the number of helicopters and the linear and spiral paths in the control commands.

In this research, the production process of YSZ powder for thermal spraying by co-precipitation method is presented, which is divided into two main stages. In the first stage, YSZ material is obtained through a series of processes, including preparing a soluble precursor from the salts that make up the YSZ powder based on stoichiometric ratios, hydrolyzing the precursor, filtering the precipitates, drying the precipitates, and calcining them. After various tests and confirmation of the chemical composition, phase composition, and purity of the synthesized YSZ powder, the first stage is completed. In the second stage, the produced powders undergo the granulation process to increase their flowability and thermal sprayability. Following the completion of the second synthetic stage, YSZ powder is ready for use in thermal barrier coatings. The synthesized powder closely resembles the highly regarded Metco 204NS-G powder, known for its superior performance and final coating structure.

This review aimed to compare the efficacy of acidifying agents and clotrimazole in the treatment of patients with otomycosis.

The databases, including Research Gate, Google Scholar,ScienceDirect, Embase, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane, and library databases of clinical trials were searched in this study. The keywords were "Fungal Ear Infection" and "Otitis External" for otomycosis, "Clotrimazole", Lotrimin", "Mycelex", "Desenex", and "Clotrimaderm Mycoderm" for clotrimazole, and "Boric Acid Alcohol", "Alcohol-vinegar solution", Burow solution (Domeboro), "Isopropyl Alcohol", "VoSol" and "Acetic Acid" for acidifying agents. Regarding search strategy, a total of 53 studies were collected, 11 of which were maintained for assessment. Almost all studies were published after 1990. These articles discussed the role of clotrimazole and acidifying compounds in the treatment of otomycosis. Moreover, the route of administration, dosage, and side effects of these medications were highlighted.

Eight studies had similar results and claimed that clotrimazole has the best or most significant effect on the treatment of otomycosis for patients suffering from pain,itching, swelling, and hearing loss.

Although all medications appear effective, there is a paucity of evidence to fully support the decision to choose between clotrimazole or acidifying agents for the treatment of otomycosis in terms of both efficacy and safety. However, in the biomedical field, the re-emerging investigation attention is due to the statements of a number of mechanisms defending the use of acidifying agents to treat mycosis (of antifungal-resistant species).

This study aims to propose a novel supplier-managed inventory model called Block-SMI, which is based on blockchain technology. Block-SMI is a customer-supplier collaboration architecture that utilizes blockchain technology to divide the main service integration problem into smaller sub-problems, each dealing with a smaller portion of the service/demand pool. Block-SMI aims to utilize the capabilities of blockchain technology to address the limitations of centralized approaches. Centralized approaches often struggle with large-scale problems and struggle to derive near-optimal solutions efficiently. By leveraging blockchain technology, Block-SMI seeks to overcome such challenges and achieve more efficient and effective solutions. Block-SMI operates under the same hypothesis as the supply chain collaboration model and seeks to address the challenges of scaling by utilizing the decentralized and distributed nature of blockchain technology. In this paper, the application of Blockchain technology and its potential for successful SMI implementation are investigated. The framework includes a mathematical model for multiple supplier-customer order fulfillment which is embedded in the blockchain framework. Some cases are studied to evaluate the performance of the proposed model compared to the literature, discussing the details of its blockchain framework.

Design/methodology/approach:

 First, a mathematical model has been formulated and developed. Then, the mathematical optimization of NLP with an objective model has been developed. The proposed model has been solved by GAMS software and a genetic algorithm. The problem has been solved in a centralized network using a genetic algorithm to provide the total cost value of supply chain management.

The objective function of Block-SMI aims to minimize the overall inventory cost within the entire supply chain management. This cost includes the expenses borne by both the supplier and the customer. This objective function is evaluated by all solvers and customers, and it is used to guide the matching process of customer demand with suitable suppliers. The aim is to find an optimal solution that minimizes the overall inventory cost while meeting the customer's requirements and ensuring that the supplier's capabilities are utilized effectively. By minimizing the total inventory cost, Block-SMI aims to reduce the overall cost of supply chain management and improve efficiency. To evaluate the effectiveness of Block-SMI, several scenarios were conducted. These scenarios involved comparing the proposed method with a centralized mechanism that was commonly employed to handle similar types of problems. By comparing the performance and outcomes of Block-SMI with the centralized approach, this study aimed to assess the advantages and benefits of utilizing the decentralized blockchain-based solution. The characteristics of Block-SMI were further described and analyzed, and the results demonstrated that Block-SMI is an effective solution for supplier-managed inventory problems, especially for large-scale scenarios.

Research limitations/implications:

 The most important limitation of the model, which can be seen as a development, is that the potential of the smart contract has not been used in the field of optimization.

Practical implications:

 Applying the proposed approach from the point of view of managerial insights, highlights the fact that the application of Blockchain technology enables the platform for managing the solvers’ contribution to the assignment of supplies to customers as new service provider business models. From the point of view of business model competency, solvers as assignment service providers must increase their competencies for better performance in solving their sub-problems. As a solver uses more time to proceed with its algorithm and get a better answer to increase its reward, other solvers may announce their solutions with overlap sooner. This causes persuades the solvers to restart the sub-problem formation.

Social implications: 

The framework applies a reward policy mechanism to both promote the near to optimum assignment for solvers and also benefit them from the yielded optimality with the blockchain token model. Finally, the proposed frameworks enable the detection of possible conflicts among the solvers for overlapping sub-problems and avoid the announcement of in-feasible assignments regarding supplier capabilities and customers. The findings imply that the yielded optimality of consolidated sub-problems is better from the point of view of solving time and resulting from optimality.

Originality/value: 

The proposed new mathematical model innovatively has investigated the supplier-managed inventory platform based on blockchain technology and uses the results to optimize time and cost reduction between stakeholders.

In this paper, the robust controller is designed based on different types of sliding mode techniques for the nonlinear model of Bergman insulin-glucose regulation of type 1 diabetes. It is assumed that the nonlinear model includes unknown uncertainties. The convergence of patient person states to the healthy guy ones is the main purpose of the presented designing procedures. The stability of the closed-loop system, the robustness of suggested schemes, and the convergence of tracking error to zero in finite time are the main advantages of the suggested method. The reduction of chattering phenomena is guaranteed in this approach. The proposed methods depict the promising performance of the derived controllers in the injected rate of insulin in diabetes diseases. The simulation results illustrate the promising performance of the planned policy. Also, the sliding mode techniques are compared with the others to show the best-proposed design.

In this paper, formation tracking control by maintaining a triangular shape for three quadrotors is discussed. Because of the nonlinear dynamic of the quadrotor and the presence of the external disturbance in the quadrotor dynamic model, a sliding mode controller was used for independent control of the quadrotor .To Formation Control of Quadrotors, a leader-follower decentralized formation control was applied. In such a way that the leader, follows a reference path and the followers use a formation controller to maintain a constant distance and an angle to the leader. First, the dynamic of the formation error is considered and then by using the integral slide mode controller, the formation error is reduced to zero. The simulation results obtained from the design of the sliding mode controller showed the occurrence of the Chatting phenomenon in the control commands, which was removed using the approximation of continuous functions. And the simulations obtained from this method showed the elimination of chattering in the control commands and the smooth tracking without oscillation of the desired path in the control commands. Also, the simulation results of formation control in the three missions with different paths, different formation geometry, and the number of different quadrotors indicate that the followers follow the leader and the success of formation control.

Cardiovascular diseases can affect sleep quality. The use of non‑pharmacological methods to improve the sleep quality of heart failure patients is essential. Therefore, this study compared the effects of the Benson relaxation technique and foot reflexology massage on sleep quality of those patients.

In this clinical trial study, 93 patients with systolic heart failure referred to Javad Al‑Aeme heart clinic in Torbat Heydarieh were selected with purposive sampling method and divided into the foot reflexology massage, Benson relaxation technique, and control groups using the balanced blocking randomization method. The Benson relaxation technique and the foot reflexology massage were performed for 20 and 30 minutes three days per week for four weeks, respectively. The control group only received routine care. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index and then compared among the groups before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, Tukey’s post hoc </em>tests, paired t </em>test, and Chi‑square at the significant level of p </em>< 0.05.

After interventions, the mean (SD) quality of sleep significantly increased in both intervention groups (Reflexology: pre‑intervention 10.80 (3.40), post‑intervention 6.60 (3.10), Benson relaxation: pre‑intervention 15.50 (2.40) post‑intervention 12 (2.60), compared to the control group (pre‑intervention 10.50 (1.90) post‑intervention 9.40(1.70) (p </em>< 0.001). There was no significant difference between the two intervention groups (p </em>= 0.53).

The interventions improved the quality of sleep in patients with systolic heart failure. Therefore, these methods can be used as a suitable complementary treatment to improve the quality of sleep by nurses and midwives.

One of the best attitude sensors for space applications is the star sensor. This sensor determines the attitude using stars in the field of view. One of the main advantages of this sensor is attitude initialization using lost-in-space star identification algorithms. This paper presents a new lost-in-space star identification algorithm based on Hausdorff distance. Using Hausdorff distance, two different identification algorithms have been proposed, and their results have been compared. The first approach is designed based on using the pivot star, and the second approach uses the segmentation of the celestial sphere. The performance of these two approaches has been investigated using the simulation of 200 random directions of the star sensor in different magnitudes. The results show the approach of using the pivot star has better performance, and its identification rate is 93.5% at the magnitude of 6. Also, the identification time of the Hausdorff algorithm has been compared with the pyramid algorithm and some geometric algorithms. The results show that the Hausdorff identification algorithm has the lowest identification time which makes it suitable for real-time applications.

Different types of optimal leader-follower consensus of high order multi-agent systems (MAS) under fixed, connected and directed communication topology are presented in this paper. The dynamics of each agent including the followers and their corresponding leader is a linear high order system. In first, Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) problem is discussed to achieve the optimal consensus for high order linear MAS with guaranteed the predefined both phase and gain margin. Then stochastic leader-follower consensus problem of MAS in presence of the Gaussian noise is designed. To tackle these problems, a set of fixed distributed control laws for each follower agent is designed, based on algebraic graph theory. Simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method and display the consensus in both cases via distributed control laws.

This study aims to investigate the effect of different components of artificial football turf (infill height and free pile height) and wear on shock absorption of artificial turf. Eight samples from two different manufacturers with different rubber infill height were tested. The experimental results showed that the rubber height has a significant effect on shock absorption. Wear affects shock absorption, the effect of wear on shock absorption namely the number of cycles required to reduce shock absorption, varies for different samples. Although free pile height does not affect shock absorption, it has an important role to keep rubber inside the artificial turf, so it shows its role in the reduction of wear effect. These results demonstrate the importance of properly designing artificial turf components to obtain the proper shock absorption

The exchange of information between members of the supply chain has attracted the attention of many researchers. The fourth industrial revolution emphasizes the advanced research topics of intelligent supply chains, data security issues, and intelligent manufacturing such as blockchain technology. Blockchain is defined as a decentralized distributed ledger that can store various types of information such as transactions and records that are simulated and shared among members of a network. Supplier-managed inventory faces major hurdles in today's supply chain, including trust, data integrity, transparency and traceability for multiple supplier-customer interactions. Blockchain technology ensures that data is exchanged among supply chain stakeholders in a transparent, safe and secure manner. Benefits of using blockchain for supplier-managed inventory operations in the supply chain include decentralized control, security, traceability, and time-stamped transactions. The purpose of this paper is to present an integrated conceptual model and process model for supplier inventory management based on blockchain technology, which proposes a general framework to enable the matching of supplier and customer orders in a decentralized manner, while maintaining the trust of To satisfy the opinion of the management. The most important results of the proposed model are maintaining the integrity of the data, improving the order accuracy, increasing the profit of the beneficiaries, increasing the level of trust between the parties and immutability of the data. The application of this technology in the combination of supply chain with other subjects, such as game theory, mathematical optimization, research in operations is suggested for future research.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are considered the most common disorder and the leading cause of mortality globally. The etiology of CVDs depends on a variety of genetic and acquired parameters. Nowadays, a dramatic surge appeared in published reports to find the association between microRNAs (miRNAs) and CVDs in order to understand the cause of the disease, rapid diagnosis with the introduction of valid biomarkers, and target as a therapeutic approach. Apigenin is a novel nutraceutical flavonoid that cardioprotective properties are suggested. The current review aimed to evaluate the beneficial features of this phytochemical against CVDs with an emphasis on its ability to regulate the miRNAs. The findings demonstrated that Apigenin could regulate cardiac miRNAs, including miR-103, miR-122-5p, miR-15b, miR-155, and miR-33. Consequently, preventing CVDs is possible through different effects such as the promotion of cholesterol efflux, prevention of hyperlipidemia, alteration in ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 (ABCA1) levels, reducing of cardiocytes apoptosis, and retarding myocytes fibrosis. Also, it can regulate signaling pathways, protect against endothelial dysfunction, maintain oxidative balance, and decrease inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species. Hence, apigenin regulatory characteristics affecting miRNAs expression could introduce this flavonoid as a novel cardioprotective phytochemical against different CVDs.

The Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease that is often associated with chromosomal aberration had a high prevalence rate of all congenital heart diseases. The association of the Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) with other congenital cardiac defects, especially with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, is infrequent. While, unlike the tetralogy of Fallot, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is accompanied by specific gene loci. We report this scarce association in a 6-month male infant, cyanotic since birth and known with ToF, in her first hospital admission for treatment of recurring cyanotic crises. After the preliminary evaluations and the unsuccessful stenting of the patent ductus arteriousus (PDA) under an angiographic manner, he was prepared to undergo cardiac surgery to establish a modified Blalock-Taussig Shunt procedure. The patient was discharged in good condition and suggested that his parents follow up on his cardiac function after it. On follow-up at the age of three, the child had no cyanotic crises in this period.

Peripheral arterial disease in coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. This issue is more highlighted in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery after catheterization procedures.

This study was observational on participants who recourse to the heart clinics and candidates for coronary angiography, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the first, coronary angiography was performed, and so, if the patients had significant involvement of coronary arteries and had at least one inclusion criteria, for assessment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), peripheral angiography through the femoral artery was performed. The statistical analysis was done by SPSS software (Version 16) and the data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics method, variance analysis, and Fisher's Exact Test. The level of significance was considered to be (0.05).

Among all patients, there was no significant difference in the demographic variables such as gender (P= 0.497) and age (P= 0.069). The commonest peripheral artery involved in patients was the right femoral artery. A statistically significant relationship between gender and PAD was seen (P=0.001). There was no significant relationship between the type of involved coronary artery and gender (p=0.043; Fisher's Exact Test = 10.719).

More than one-third of participants with CAD had peripheral arterial involvement in iliofemoral arteries in this study. This situation increased the risk of complications in vascular blind catheterization. So, Improving PAD detection is crucial for more effective cardiovascular prevention and treatment.

Deadly outbreak of Corona virus in the late 2019 is the main challenge for human society. The pandemic of dangerous and highly contagious virus in addition harmed businesses and jobs and also caused serious harms to the field of science. Libraries as cultural and social institutions which are responsible in providing information have special place in field of crisis management and because of the type of services of libraries that associated with in-person users, many libraries have closed at the same time during pandemic of this virus, but many university libraries reopened in short break again and started their activities. Of course, this reopening has doubled concern for managers, librarians and users about readiness of university libraries in facing and dealing with this virus. Due to type of libraries and characteristics of users’ community and different culture and necessary facilities, libraries are so various therefore the decisions and type of services are so different. So, this survey decided to investigate the readiness of university libraries in Isfahan during the epidemic of coronavirus and the effect on the current activities and measure and decision taken against this virus.

This research was done by survey method. The statistical population was staff in university libraries of Isfahan city including Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan University, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan University of Art, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Azad University branch of Khorasgan, and Payam Noor University. Also, tool for collecting data are self-administrated questionnaire conformed by experts and professors of library science and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha as .77. It used SPSS software version 26 and for confirmatory factor analysis used Amos software version 24 and to analysis data from descriptive statistic and drawing graph used one sample t-test with the level of .5.

According to the information obtained from findings of the current survey, it was determined that weighted average of the total score of the answers given to questions which is related to the level of readiness of university libraries in facing the crisis of the COVID-19 disease amounted to 66.66%. It showed the readiness of libraries is good and above average. The highest score which indicates implementation of suggested solution in Isfahan libraries belong to requirement of using mask for users after that implementation of shift work and remote work are in the second place and auto renewal of resource is in the third place of public implementation of these methods at the Isfahan university libraries. Reducing working hours and enabling search, renewing and reserving resources and paying fine for late delivery electronically by the library software is located in fourth place with a smooth difference. But in the mentioned libraries, no attention was paid to disinfection of return sources and taking fever at the time of entry.

The state of readiness of investigated libraries is evaluated as optimal while pandemic of COVID-19 causes reduction in main activities of libraries. One of the main strength points of investigated libraries against this virus can be mentioned as the use of internet network infrastructure and use of web library software with proper ability which provides users with access to resource and document electronically without visiting in-person. While until to archive the proper point, infrastructure development and increasing level of digital literacy, improving media literacy skills, developing user's access to information resource, controlling the digital content, using multimedia resources and reducing digital gap need more attention. If this condition continues, it is strongly probably that libraries will have many changes in providing services and it will more often virtual and electronic therefore suggested that library manager providing suitable chance to share their creativity and innovation get from different various special areas in fighting against COVID-19 with other communities which are involved in this epidemic crisis. Also it is necessary to settlement infrastructure related to information and communication technology with the aim of transferring performance  services from tradition to online, choose mixed pattern, the need to allocated budget for libraries, obtain new skill by university librarian for supporting distance education and learning, correct information and reliability, holding  virtual reading meeting, increasing media literacy producing digital content and presenting services in virtual space platform, sharing information between users, preparing informative poster and etc. should be given more attention.

due to the variability and uncertainty of some process parameters under investigation and limited uncertainties and confusions, the controller design faces problems. the controller is performed locally using the information of neighboring agents and the corresponding graph has a spanning tree. fuzzy systems are used as a general approximator and the parameters of the fuzzy system are adjusted in such a way that the tracking error of each agents and the stability of the uniform ultimately bounded of the closed loop system are guaranteed. 1- considering of the nonlinear non-affine of multi-agent system, 2- The unknown dynamics of the agents, 3- The convergence of the tracking error and the formation error to zero, 4- The use of fuzzy systems as a general estimator, are the main advantages of the presented method. Finally, in the simulations performed on the quadrotor, the leader-follower formation for the desired mission is realized and according to the set criteria, the proposed methodology is satisfactory.

 Otomycosis is defined as a superficial fungal infection, accounting for about 10% of infectious otitis externa cases.

 This study investigated patients with suspicious symptoms through the examination of their demographic information, isolate etiological agents, and in vitro antifungal susceptibility patterns.

 The samples of 170 patients with otitis externa symptoms were collected and confirmed for otomycosis by mycological examination (e.g., potassium hydroxide, methylene blue staining, and fungal culture) and molecular sequencing. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests against miconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin were performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (M27-A3/S4 and M38-A2).

 Out of 170 patients, 145 subjects (85.29%) showed positive mycological findings. In this study, 55.8% of the patients were male, and the most common age group affected was 50 - 59 years (26.2%). Hearing loss and pruritus were the most common clinical manifestations. The most common occupation was being a housewife (47.5%), and most cases occurred during the winter (40%). Aspergillus niger was the most common species, followed by Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata. Caspofungin showed the highest activity against Aspergillus and Candida isolates; nevertheless, itraconazole demonstrated the lowest activity against Aspergillus isolates. Fluconazole showed the weakest power against Candida species.

 Due to climatic conditions, humidity, and dust, otomycosis has a high occurrence in Iran. Although otomycosis needs long-term antifungal therapy and recurrence is high in some cases, it is rarely life-threatening, and eardrop antifungals are usually enough to eradicate the infection. Local information about the antifungal pattern is useful for the control, prevention, and treatment of otomycosis.

Pericardial cysts are a scarce cause of mediastinal masses. They are usually asymptomatic, even in large sizes. Accurate diagnosis of pericardial cysts is possible with multiple diagnostic imaging modalities. A 41-year-old woman complaining of bilateral lower limb edema, exertional dyspnea, and recurrent palpitations was admitted to our emergency department. She had experienced a syncope state. Echocardiography showed a reduced right-side heart function due to a large cystic-like mass at the supradiaphragmatic right paracardiac region with a compressive effect on the right heart. A computed tomography scan confirmed the presence of a giant pericardial cyst. The patient underwent cardiac surgery to excise the mass, 15×13.5×3.5 cm in size. This case report shows that huge right-sided pericardial cysts must be considered in the differential diagnosis of right-sided heart failure. The preferable and reasonable approach to a patient with a huge pericardial cyst is surgical excision for symptom alleviation, early identification, and removal. (Iranian Heart Journal 2022; 23(4): 109-114)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of application of 0, 1.5, 3, and 4.5% of crude oil, kerosene, and gasoline on spontaneously and mechanically dispersible clay in three texturally different soils of clay loam, loamy sand, and sandy loam. In general, the results showed that the percentage of spontaneously dispersible clay in soils treated with kerosene and gasoline was significantly higher than that treated with crude oil by, respectively, 34% and 44%. Mechanically dispersible clay in soils treated with kerosene and gasoline were significantly higher than that of the crude oil treaded soils by nearly two folds. The percentage of spontaneously dispersible clay in the loamy sand soils was significantly higher than that of the clay loam and the sandy loam soils by nearly 21% and 57%, respectively. While mechanically dispersible clay in loamy sand soil was significantly less by about 31% than that in clay loam soil and about 32% more than that in sandy loam soil. In general, increasing the application rates of petroleum products increased the percentage of spontaneously and mechanically dispersible clay at low levels, but decreased the mentioned attributes at higher levels. The results showed that different levels of petroleum products had significant effects on dispersible clay. Therefore, the results of this study can provide the necessary information about the effect of petroleum materials on the amount of dispersible clay, as one of the soil strength and cohesion criteria and other related characteristics. This information can be used in making the necessary decisions for management and reclamation of different types of oil-contaminated soils, and for using petroleum compounds to protect the soil against erosion.