فهرست مطالب reza zarei

The purpose of the present study is an analysis of dimensions and components of sustainable human resources management in Fars province Azad universities. The research method is qualitative, and applicative in terms of its purpose. The statistical population includes 18 members of the faculty, staff and experts of the Islamic Azad University of Fars province, who were selected by purposive sampling and criteria-based technique. The data collection tool includes two parts; a semi-structured interview in the field part, and the review and exploration of upstream documents and higher education documents in the library part. To analyze the data; open, central and selective coding was used based on the theory of the foundation data, and the Atlas ti software was used to code the interviews. The results indicated that the dimensions and components of sustainable human resource management in the Azad universities of Fars province, a total of 151 concepts and 31 categories or core codes were identified and extracted. 31 categories identified in 6 groups which include causal conditions, governing context, intervening conditions, strategies, consequences, and central category or phenomenon.

Psychological well-being, characterized by positive emotions and overall life satisfaction, encompasses various domains such as family, education, and more. Riff’s model conceptualizes psychological well-being as a comprehensive developmental process that spans an individual’s lifespan. One construct related to consciousness that has been discussed for its impact on well-being is mindfulness. Mindfulness, defined as conscious, deliberate, and continuous attention in the present moment, is a burgeoning field of research in mental health. Empirical evidence suggests that teachers should employ mindfulness training to enhance students’ psychological well-being. Another variable addressed in this research is self-esteem, a crucial construct associated with a broad spectrum of psychological outcomes such as general psychological adjustment, positive emotions, social confidence, personal behavior, and life satisfaction. Research findings indicate a positive correlation between self-esteem and all dimensions of psychological well-being. To the best of the researcher’s knowledge, no study has directly or concurrently examined the relationship between the variables of the present study. The current research aims to compile and test this set of relationships in a model format. Accordingly, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between mindfulness and psychological well-being, with self-esteem serving as a mediator. Research Hypothesis: The research hypothesis is as follows: Self-esteem mediates the relationship between mindfulness and psychological well-being.

The current research employs a correlational method to investigate the structural relationships between the research variables using the structural equation modeling. The research population comprised all undergraduate students of Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht branch, enrolled in the 2020-2021 academic year. Upon data collection and entry into the computer, SPSS-25 and AMOS-20 software were utilized. The sample size was determined to be 393 individuals, selected using the cluster sampling method. Initially, four faculties (Humanities, Basic Sciences, Technical Engineering, Educational Sciences, and Psychology) were randomly selected from the faculties of Islamic Azad University of Marvdasht branch. Subsequently, three classes were chosen from each faculty, and all students in these classes completed the questionnaires individually. It is worth noting that Kline’s recommendation (2016) was considered in determining the sample size. Kline (2016) suggests that the appropriate sample size for the structural equation modeling test should be 10 to 20 times the number of parameters of the research model. The inclusion criteria for the study were informed consent of the participants and enrollment in the specified academic year, while the exclusion criteria were a history of specific physical and mental illness (according to the subjects’ self-report) and incomplete questionnaires. The APA ethical code, comprising important principles and ethical standards, was adhered to in this research. The majority of participants in the current research were female, numbering 203 (51.65%), with an average age of 21.44 and a standard deviation of 3.25 years. Male participants numbered 190 (48.35%), with an average age of 21.30 and a standard deviation of 3.39 years.

The findings demonstrated a good fit between the research model and the collected data. Furthermore, the results indicated that the direct effects of mindfulness on self-esteem and psychological well-being, as well as the direct effect of self-esteem on psychological well-being, were significant. Notably, the impact of mindfulness on psychological well-being, mediated by self-esteem, was also significant. These findings suggest that self-esteem serves as a mediator in the relationship between mindfulness and psychological well-being.

This study aimed to explore the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between mindfulness and the psychological well-being of a student cohort. The findings related to direct relationships revealed a positive and significant direct effect of mindfulness on students’ psychological well-being. This outcome can be interpreted as mindfulness, through its role in promoting happiness, cheerfulness, and mental clarity, inherently fostering a positive and pleasant state in an individual. Indeed, it can be posited that mindfulness of events and experiences can be beneficial and effective for mental health. The study results also indicated a positive and significant direct effect of mindfulness on self-esteem. Individuals practicing mindfulness exhibit non-judgmental acceptance of their situation, which contributes to maintaining secure self-esteem. Additionally, the results revealed a positive and direct relationship between self-esteem and psychological well-being. In essence, self-esteem is positively correlated with all dimensions of psychological well-being. Individuals with higher self-esteem tend to have better psychological health and exhibit a reduced psychological response to stress. Regarding the primary hypothesis of the study, which postulated that “self-esteem plays a mediating role in the relationship between mindfulness and psychological well-being,” the present research validated this hypothesis. Given the results obtained and considering the role of mindfulness and self-esteem in explaining psychological well-being, it is feasible to enhance students’ psychological well-being by conducting educational workshops on mindfulness and self-esteem. Consequently, it is recommended that similar research be conducted in other universities, taking into account the ethnic, cultural, economic, and social lifestyle of the students to obtain more reliable results. One limitation of the current research is its reliance on causal inference from the relationships included in the proposed model.

The current study was carried out with the objective of formulating and validating the media literacy instructional model within the educational framework.

Employing a qualitative exploratory approach, this study utilized purposeful sampling and criteria-based techniques for sample selection. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews during field research and examination of primary documents and educational materials in the library. Theoretical saturation was reached after interviewing 20 individuals, with data analysis conducted through thematic analysis. Following validation and alignment with existing theoretical frameworks and literature, expert opinions were sought regarding the scope and elements of media literacy education.

The findings facilitated the identification of 49 elements distributed across 6 dimensions: media literacy instructors, educational practices, curriculum development, school environment, governmental involvement, and Ministry of Education contributions.

Overall, the results offer valuable insights for educational policymakers aiming to enhance media literacy within the realm of Education.

The current research aimed to design and fit the knowledge-enhancing model of effective teaching. knowledge-enhancing in teaching, as a condition of "life, durability and survival", displays the dynamic spirit of education and is created in three pyramid heads (students, parents, and teachers). The research method is mixed and practical in nature. The statistical population includes all teachers working in the education ministry in Fars province. The sample size of 18 people sample selection was determined in the qualitative section by the purposeful sampling method. Quantitative sampling was obtained according to Cochran's formula of 376 people. The data collection tool, in the qualitative part, included two parts, a semi-structured interview and review of upstream documents, and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire tool. Data analysis in the qualitative section was based on thematic analysis in ATLAS TI software. Structural equation modeling was used in SMARTPLS software to fit the model. The obtained findings led to the identification of 3 dimensions, 10 components, and 176 indicators, and finally, the research model was presented. The results showed that each of the dimensions, respectively: teaching and evaluation, scientific-educational (/66), and individual (/57) affected effective teaching in elementary school. Students learn by connecting new knowledge with existing knowledge and concepts, constructing new meanings. Knowledge-based education emphasizes primary education on deep and powerful teaching and learning from shared knowledge.

Nowadays, the severe degradation of the environment and the reduction of the performance of watersheds are very important in order to respond to the various demands of human societies. In the meantime, in order to deal with these threats, the use of the approach of integrated management of watersheds as an infrastructure and acceptable management principles in the world community and based on conceptual and mental models has a special emphasis. The SWOT analysis has structural features and suitable flexibility that has a wide range of capabilities in managing different ecosystems. In the SWOT analytical model, strategies are formulated to maximize strengths and opportunities and minimize weaknesses and threats. Therefore, in this research, an attempt was made to evaluate the impact of various anthropogenic and natural factors on the status of Mikhsaz Watershed with the SWOT approach.

The Mikhsaz Watershed with an area of ​​11191.1 hectares is located in the west of Mazandaran Province and in Nowshahr City, Kajur district and Zanus Rostaq village. In terms of elevation changes, the lowest height is 1374.7 meters above sea level located at the outlet of the watershed and the highest is 3689 meters located in the southern. The average amount of annual precipitation in the Mikhsaz Watershed is 427.8 mm and the average annual temperature is 10.53 degrees celsius. SWOT analysis is one of the most efficient methods of strategic management which can be used for beneficial results in different study watersheds, analysis of local capacities and generally in order to achieve the goals of integrated development planning studies in economic, social, cultural and physical. The first step in strategic management is the establishment of the SWOT matrix. The SWOT matrix, considering the conditions, internal and external factors governing in a system that provides a good basis for developing approaches. In order to present the strategy in the framework of this approach, four types of strategies have been used, including competitive-offensive, diversity, revision and defensive. In order to provide any type of strategy, two or more components of the existing factors that cover each other or are related were considered. Then, in direction of these combined factors, the best strategies for the study area were determined and finally the factors were ranked. In the execution of SWAT strategies, by using the internal strengths, it is possible to make maximum benefit of external opportunities.

Two factors of income reliance on different sectors (livestock-agriculture-services) and climatic diversity (rainfall and temperature) in the watershed with a weighted score of 0.23 are usually the most important among the strengths. In the weaknesses, the factor of inadequacy of property compared to family members has been identified as the most important weakness of the watershed with a weighted score of 0.63. Two factors of the possibility of reviving handicrafts and nature suitability for tourism with a common score of 0.3, were the most important opportunities in the watershed. In this watershed, the possibility of spring floods caused by melting snow with a score of 0.2 and early and late cold temperatures with a score of 0.18 are among the most important threats. Therefore, internal factors with a score of 3.54 have a greater effect on improving the situation of Mekhsaz Watershed than external factors with a score of 2.89.

In this research, the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the management of Mekhsaz Watershed in Mazandaran Province was evaluated and measured using the SWOT model. The results showed that in the Mekhsaz Watershed, income reliance on different sectors and climatic diversity are the most important strengths and lack of property compared to the family members is the most important weakness. The prioritization of the region's strategies also indicates that the strategy of reducing the destruction of resources and modification of the livelihood pattern are ranked first and second with the scores of 2.21 and 2.19, respectively.

The aim of this research was to identify the dimensions and components of the educational competency model in the students of technical and vocational university. This research was conducted qualitatively using thematic analysis approach. The method of data collection included semi-structured interviews with the participants and the study of relevant high-level documents. People were selected by targeted sampling with the criteria of at least 15 years of teaching and research expertise and familiarity with technical and professional education and having a related field of study with the participation of 22 experts and experts until the theoretical saturation stage. The process of data analysis was carried out by using the Atride-Sterling method and in three stages of breaking the text and coding the quotes, exploring the network of themes from the text, integrating the discoveries and presenting the research model. The topic network, based on a certain process, organizes the basic topics (codes and key points of the text), the organizing topics (topics obtained from combining and summarizing the basic topics) and comprehensive topics (higher topics that include the principles governing the text as a whole). it gives Validation was done during data analysis and their convergence was confirmed. The findings of the research showed that the model of educational competence of technical and vocational university students includes 17 components and 3 dimensions (strategic factors of competence, technical competence, non-technical competence). In addition, the participants mostly mentioned the dimensions of technical competence and non-technical competence, but in the above documents, the dimensions of strategic factors of competence were discussed more.

In the third millennium, professional ethics is one of the main concerns of managers in organizations. The present study aimed to design a conceptual model of professional ethics in primary school principals in Fars province.

The approach of this qualitative research and research tool has been exploratory and semi-structured interviews. The statistical population of this study included all principals of primary schools in Fars province who were purposefully selected by the method of key experts and using the method of theoretical saturation. The data collection tool was an open interview with the participants.

Using the results of the review of the theoretical foundations and background of the research, the data obtained from interviews with school principals (focus group) and data were collected in a synchronization manner and analyzed using the content analysis method; To validate the data, methods of feedback to participants, researcher review and stance, and alignment with scientific sources and key educational documents were used. After deleting the common codes, 121 items were extracted from the basic themes (codes and key points of the text), then based on the existing similarity (content, composition and summary), it was reduced to 6 organizing themes.

The results showed that according to the principals of junior high school, the components of professional ethics have a significant impact on the behavior of school principals.

Background &

One of the most important signs of commitment to community health is the field of nursing education, in which effective communication is a serious issue. Medical sciences in prestigious universities attract considerable attention to effective communication. Good education and scientific research in nursing schools are needed to train a successful medicine ethically. For this purpose, education for medical students plays an important role. For instance, multimedia education significantly improves the listening skills of English learners. Moreover, studies showed that attitudes toward using multimedia education had a significant effect on explaining changes in learners' listening skills. They recommended that multimedia education be merged with English language instruction as a part of the listening skills training course (1). The hypothesis of the effect of a teacher-student method according to multimedia education on students' academic achievement was confirmed (2). Furthermore, good communication skills are an essential component of nursing education. In teaching communication skills, methods such as lectures and seminars are less effective than experimental ones with feedback(3). Results of this study, similar to other research, indicated the positive role of multimedia use in the development of social skills of deaf female students (4). It also demonstrated that the multimedia method had a more lasting effect than lecturing. Thus, it is believed that this method will be implemented more widely in universities in addition to education(5). Today, injuries and complications, as well as deaths due to medical errors, are one of the problems in this area (6). Discussion in small groups is considered the most effective way to provide ethics education for medical students (8). Undoubtedly, being a good doctor is more than just knowing the standards of professional competence. In other words, there is a difference between doing a job and understanding and doing it. So, what a doctor does matters (10). As education has a positive effect on promoting oral health behavior, its type also plays a key role. In this regard, the multimedia teaching method was more effective than the lecture method in all stages (21). Employing multimedia training programs has increased the knowledge and practice of nurses about safe injection, which is one of their serious tasks. Therefore, utilizing this method is recommended to improve their clinical performance (22).

This study was quasi-experimentally, and its samples were selected by stratified random sampling method among nursing students who had taken professional ethics courses. Two classes were considered experimental, and the other two were as evidence. Students in both groups completed a researcher-made effective communication questionnaire before and after the training. All of them were in one faculty and ethics course. They also were professionals and in the clinical training phase. The researcher-made questionnaire consisted of two parts. The first part was related to individual questions and demographic information of the samples. The second part was questions designed based on the research objectives, which included 24 items. The questionnaire was according to the opinions of 15 professors and experts to check its validity. After the necessary editing, the final questionnaire was provided.

According to Table 2, it can be said that the average pre-test scores and the standard deviation in the experimental group that received multimedia training are 70.71 and 6.27, respectively. For the control group, these values are 71.22 and 4.74, respectively. According to the mean values in the control and experimental groups and based on the value of t obtained in the degree of freedom 97, there is no significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups in the pre-test. Considering results and homogeneity of variances in experimental and control groups and comparing the means in them, we found no significant difference. Furthermore, Table 4 displays that the average post-test score and the standard deviation in the experimental group are 75.39 and 8.74, respectively, at the end of the course. Also, these values are 71.88 and 8.26, respectively, for the control group. Consequently, taking into account that the mean of the post-test in the experimental group is higher than that of the control group and based on the obtained t - 2.09 in the degree of freedom 97, there is a significant difference at the level of p <0.03 in the two post-test scores of both groups. Similarly, Table 5 demonstrates that the mean of pre-test scores and the standard deviation are 70.71 and 6.27, respectively, in the experimental group. These values are 75.39 and 8.74, respectively, at the post-test for the control group. Therefore, as the mean of the post-test in the experimental group is higher than that of the control group and taking the obtained t -0.93 in the degree of freedom of 63 into account, it is evident that there is a significant difference at the level of p <0.01 between the two pre-and post-test scores.
In addition, the average post-test scores and the standard deviation in the experimental group at the end of the course are 75.39 and 8.74, respectively. These values are 71.88 and 8.26, respectively, for the control group. As a result, since the mean of the post-test in the experimental group is higher than the mean of the control group and considering the t obtained 2.09 in the degree of freedom 97, we can say that there is a significant difference at the level of p <0.05 between the two post-test scores in the experimental and control groups.

Effective communication of nursing students is one of the essential pillars of the basic training of nurses. Thus, it deserves considerable attention. In this study, findings demonstrated that teaching nursing courses with a multimedia teaching method compared to the old one, the lecture method, exerts a greater influence on effective communication among nursing students. Consequently, it is suggested that medical science training centers use the multimedia method to improve their performance.

Introduction and The purpose of this research was to identify the components of professional development of secondary school teachers using a qualitative method. The participants in this section include experts, experts and people knowledgeable in the field of development and professional development of teachers in Fars province, and the selection of people was made by purposeful sampling method and criterion-based technique, with the criterion of having a master's degree and doctorate and at least fifteen years of teaching and research experience in education. It was education that after the semi-structured interview with 23 people, the information became saturated. Data analysis method Thematic analysis is done step by step in six steps, the first step is the initial acquaintance with the interview text, the second step is to create initial codes, the third step is to search for themes, the fourth step is to review the themes, the fifth step is to title the themes, and the sixth step is to prepare the interview report and prepare The table of basic themes is organizing and inclusive; and the findings obtained from the interviews conducted in eight components are as follows: change skills, communication skills, individual growth, research growth, evaluation skills, organizational growth, educational growth, Information technology. The results showed that the professional development of teachers helps to improve the activities and tasks of people, in connection with their jobs and specialized professions, which is mainly for the purpose of increasing their knowledge, skills and changing their professional attitudes. By means of that, people can perform their duties effectively and improve the teaching and learning process.

To compare the outcomes of various invasive and noninvasive approaches to the treatment of malignant glaucoma.

Glaucoma‑related keywords were looked up in PubMed and Google Scholar, and related articles up to 2022 were used to put together this review article.

Numerous surgical methods and techniques have been introduced in the past few years. This review outlined current knowledge regarding the nonsurgical and surgical management of malignant glaucoma. In this regard, we first briefly outlined the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of this disorder. Then, the current evidence on the management of malignant glaucoma was reviewed. Finally, we discuss the need for treatment of the other eye and the factors that might affect the outcome of surgical intervention.

Fluid misdirection syndrome, or malignant glaucoma, is a severe disorder that can occur spontaneously due to surgical intervention. The pathophysiology of malignant glaucoma is complicated, and numerous theories exist about the underlying mechanisms that may contribute to the disease. Malignant glaucoma can be treated conservatively using medications, laser therapy, or surgery. Laser treatments and medical treatments have been adequate for the treatment of glaucoma, but the effects have generally been short‑lived, and surgical treatment has proved to be the most effective. There have been a variety of surgical methods and techniques introduced. Still, none have been studied in a large proportion of patients as a control case to compare effectiveness, outcomes, and recurrence. Pars plana vitrectomy with irido‑zonulo‑capsulectomy still seems to have the best results.

The purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions and components of an effective teaching model in primary school. This research has been done qualitatively and by content analysis method. Participants in this study are teachers working in education in Fars province with a history of at least 15 years and have a master's degree or higher. The individuals were selected by purposive sampling method based on their teaching experience in the primary school. Sampling was performed with the participation of 18 experts. Data collection tools include two sections: reviewing upstream documents in the library section and semi-structured interviews in the field section. Data analysis was performed based on content analysis. In order to ensure validity, the interview questions were approved by 3 experienced teachers.Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability, the overall coefficient was 84%.Findings showed that the effective teaching model includes 3 main components (individual, teaching and evaluation, scientific-educational) and 10 indicators (personality, communication, professional ethics, classroom management, teaching skills, evaluation and evaluation, technical and professional, educational And research, preparation and development, scientific support).Discussion and Conclusion The issue of effective teaching in primary school should be given special attention. Also, teachers, as an important part of the scientific community of any country, have an important role in the production of science and knowledge. Attract efficient staff and give the required training and skills to teachers, as well as real understanding of the needs of their teachers and with the necessary knowledge and awareness, provide them with the necessary resources and provide access to it and provide the ground for teachers' growth and excellence, because if Teachers have good teaching, then we can hope to improve the quality of educational activities and missions.

Education is the most important tool to achieve balanced and sustainable development and scientific and technological progress. Sustainable development cannot be achieved without the development of education and both without the institutionalization of research. Paying attention to research and the value of the culture of research and its development and questioning is a basic motto in education.
 
The present research was conducted using a mixed exploratory method of sequential type. The statistical population of the research was all primary school teachers in the four educational districts of Shiraz in the academic year of 2019, numbering 6022 people. In the qualitative part, the sample was selected by purposive sampling, and in the quantitative part, 361 people were selected by simple random sampling. Research tools were used in the qualitative part, open interviews with the participants, and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used based on the findings of the qualitative part. The content validity of the scale used in the quantitative section was calculated using the expert and corrective opinions of professors and experts, as well as using confirmatory factor analysis, and its reliability was also calculated using Cronbach's alpha method. Qualitative part data analysis was done by thematic analysis method and quantitative part data analysis from sample t-tech test and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was done by SPSS version 26 and Lisrel software. In order to test the factor structure of the general model and its fit, confirmatory factor analysis was used.
 
The findings of the qualitative section showed that 5 criteria (Individual, organizational, extra-organizational, programmatic and informational)  with 15 indicators were used to determine the organizational research culture development model of primary school teachers. After triangulating the findings with previous research and experts' opinions, the initial conceptual model was obtained. The findings showed that organizational, programmatic and informational factors affecting the development of research culture among primary school teachers in Shiraz, in terms of importance the vision of teachers were above average and below optimal. Also, the highest average belonged to informational factors (3.68). The fit indices of the confirmatory factor analysis test showed a good fit of the model.
 
Based on the obtained information, the research culture development model was designed and fitted. This model can reduce learning-centered and memory-centered learning and help improve learners' deep learning.

Following the ban on the principle of non-use of force, governments turned their attention to sanctions - economic coercive measures - as the main means of achieving their foreign policy goals. The desirability of the use of unilateral sanctions by countries now stems from the idea that it is a middle ground between diplomacy and the use of force, and is also a simple and peaceful tool for changing the behavior of governments The method of this research is descriptive and analytical and the method of collecting library and documentary information. The purpose of this research is to investigate economic sanctions with emphasis on its legitimacy from the aspect of human rights. The question is, what is the status of unilateral economic sanctions in terms of human rights documents? According to the investigations of this research, its findings show: (1) Unilateral sanctions are a violation of treaty, customary international law, as well as a violation of the rule of ius cogens. (2) Although in some cases the doctrine of international law in retaliation is invoked for the legitimacy of unilateral sanctions, these sanctions cannot be considered reciprocal action under the theory of international responsibility of the state. It must therefore be argued that unilateral sanctions are completely contrary to international law especially the fundamental documents of human rights.

A conceptual remote educational framework was introduced based on Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) in vocational and Kar-o-Danesh schools in Fars Province-Iran. The study was a developmental work with a qualitative design, which was carried out using content analysis and semi-structured interview. The participants were selected through a purposeful sampling method based on theoretical saturation criterion. The designed framework contained four main aspects, namely directors’ support (awareness, commitment, and responsiveness), upstream policies support (vision, amendment of plans, and policy making), preparing the ground (expert forces, beliefs, hardware, software, appeal for users, support, education, and motivation), and planning (setting goal, content development, and evaluation), and execution (feasibility study, design, application, and evaluation). The presented conceptual framework in mentioned schools of Fars province helps educational policy makers in launching the MOOC system and its application gives students the opportunity of learn online using new interactive tools, actively participate in the education process.

Soil is one of the most important national assets of any country. Since the effects of aggregate detachment and formation of surface sealing on increasing flood fertility, reducing soil fertility and increasing erosion is an important issue, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of surface sealing in sediment concentration and soil loss.

The present study was performed on two loamy-sandy and loamy-sandy-clay soil textures under the influence of three rainfall sequences with intensities of 50 and 90 mm h-1 and duration of 15 minutes at the intervals of 10 days in small erosion plots with dimensions of 0.5×0.5 m with a slope of 18%. Also, two weighted average indices of the diameter of soil grains and a three-dimensional scanner with an accuracy of 20 micrometers were used to measure the surface coating.

The results showed that rainfall sequence had a significant effect (p<0.01) on sediment concentration and soil loss. As a result of the sequence of rainfall, the loss of soil in the loamy-sandy texture increased by about 45% in the rainfall intensity of 50 mm h-1, while it decreased by 38% in the rainfall intensity of mm h-1, and in the loamy-sandy-clay texture respectively Rainfalls of 50 and 90 mm h-1 reduced soil loss by 5 and 67%, respectively. Sediment concentration also decreased after rainfall sequences. The results of measuring soil loss showed that, except in loamy-sandy texture at an intensity of 50 mm h-1, in both soils, the amount of soil loss decreased from the first rainfall to the third rainfall. The results of three-dimensional scanner at rainfall intensity of 50 mm h-1 showed that the soil surface roughness in loamy-sandy texture decreased from 1.30 to 1.18 mm and in loamy-sandy-clay texture decreased from 1.80 to 1.31 mm, but at rainfall intensity of 90 mm h-1, the soil surface roughness increased and the formation of surface sealing was prevented.

The results showed that soil surface roughness and surface sealing resulting from previous rainfall can change soil surface conditions and runoff and soil loss at the plot scale and the intensity of these changes is under the interaction of rainfall intensity and soil texture.

Currently, the use of MOOCs is known as one of the learning gateways in the 21st century to technology-based learning, which has advantages in the learning process. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to design a conceptual model of distance learning based on MOOCs in technical and vocational high schools in Fars province.

The research was done in a developmental type with a qualitative design and through using thematic analysis and semi-structured interview instrument. The participants were selected using the purposeful sampling method with theoretical saturation criteria, and based on that, 32 professors and specialists in the field of technical high schools and vocational training were selected. In order to obtain the reliability and validity, two methods of review of participants and review of non-participating experts were used in the research. In order to obtain transferability, interviews and consultations were conducted with 32 experts, and in order to comply with the transferability, all the details of the research were carefully recorded in all stages.

The research findings indicated that conceptual framework for distance education, based on MOOC in  Fars province technical high schools and vocational training, includes five main dimensions concerning managers' support with components  of managers' awareness, managers' commitment and managers' accountability; support of high-level documents with the components  of vision, correcting manual documents and policy making; platform building with the components of professional expert, beliefs, hardware, software, user-friendliness, support, training and motivation; planning with the components of targeting, content developing, evaluation; and implementation with components of feasibility, design, performance, and evaluation.

Determining the main factors influencing MOOC in technical and vocational high schools and paying attention to them in the matter of education management macro-planning can be the basis for more use of this educational method even at the country level.

This study aims to provide a paradigm model for sustainable management of human resources in the free universities of Fars province based on a review of studies. The statistical population of this study is 11 experts of executive directors of free universities in Fars province who were selected using purposive sampling method. Interview data collection tools are semi-structured. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical. The results of this research show: adding environmental requirements in the job description, designing environmental criteria in job advertisements, symmetry of environmental goals with the organization evaluation system, reviewing and determining educational needs in environmental issues of causal factors, questioning Instead of observation, use of persuasive methods, contingency of research knowledge, technology and knowledge, having social responsibility and accountability, of hospitalization factors, transfer of environmental concerns in employment activities, definition of incentives for environmental measures such as recycling, Among the intervening factors, selecting people aware of environmental issues, establishing an environmental management system and environmental audit, designing green criteria in evaluating employee performance, strategies and creating a systematic training program to provide environmental skills to employees, creating environmental measures To reduce the risks of the workplace, as the consequences of the model.

This study aims to present and evaluate a paradigm model for the sustainable management of human resources in the free universities of Fars province based on the review of studies. This research was conducted using a qualitative method. The statistical population includes 18 experts of the executive managers of Fars province free universities who were selected using the purposeful sampling method. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical. The results show that adding environmental requirements in the job description, planning environmental criteria in employment advertisements, matching environmental goals with the organization's evaluation system, examining and determining educational needs in environmental issues are causal factors, asking questions instead of observing, using persuasive methods, the necessity of knowledge, technology and knowledge resulting from research, having social responsibility and accountability, among the underlying factors, transferring environmental concerns in employment activities, defining incentives for environmental actions such as recycling, among the intervening factors, choosing people who are aware of environmental issues, establishing Environmental management system and environmental audit, planning green criteria in employee performance evaluation, are among the strategies and creating a systematic training program to ensure the environmental skills of employees, creating environmental measures to reduce the risks of the work environment, as consequences of the model.

The present research was conducted with the aim of providing a model of educational competence in technical and vocational university students. The research method was mixed exploratory. The statistical population included university presidents, vice presidents, department managers, faculty members, and professors of various units of technical and professional universities in Fars province, numbering 1285 people. Sampling of the qualitative part was targeted and standardized with a sample size of 22 people. In the quantitative part, random sampling method with a volume of 295 people was used to collect qualitative data, semi-structured interview in the field part and exploration of upstream documents in the library part and document mining, in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire tool was used to collect data.Data analysis was done in the qualitative section based on thematic analysis. In the quantitative part, confirmatory factor analysis was used to analyze the data and structural equation modeling and Spss-25 and Amos-24 software were used to determine the fit of the model. Based on the obtained results, the dimensions of the model in the order of influence are: strategic factors of competence, technical competence, non-technical competence, and according to the calculated indicators, the optimal fit of the model can be concluded. All the dimensions and components of the model can ensure quality in professionalism and provide a transformational turn in the educational process of the technical and vocational university in order to create a competitive and superior future with regard to recent developments.

In this paper, we introduce and investigate a new definition for the density function of fuzzy random variables. Then, based on this definition, we give a new viewpoint on aging properties. To do this end, the concepts of the hazard rate function and mean residual function are investigated for the Exponential fuzzy random variable. Also, we obtain  the aging properties of  new Exponential fuzzy random variables based on existing methods.  Finally, using a practical example, we illustrate the proposed approach and show that  the performance of proposed  approach is better than two other existing  methods.

The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the components of learning technology in education in Fars province. This research adopted an exploratory mixed-method design for instrument development. Purposive sampling, with the criterion of theoretical saturation, was used to select key experts. Data were collected through upstream documents and semi-structured interviews with 22 experts. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis, and indicators and criteria were identified. In the second stage, the identified indicators were weighed using Expert Choice software. Based on the rank and weight of the main criteria and the degree of inconsistency of the pairwise comparison matrix, the indicators identified were as follows: individual empowerment, interaction with the environment, system capability, learning sharing, and knowledge sharing. Also, considering the overall degree of inconsistency, it can be said that the results are generally reliable. Readiness for change, individual empowerment towards a collective perspective, attitude towards technology, and principles of the use of technology had the most weight among the indicators. The results of this study provide education managers in the field of learning technology with valuable information to take basic steps to improve and enhance the quality and effectiveness of learning technology by adopting principled policies in this regard.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy training on social identity of a number of preschool girls in District 4 of Shiraz.. In terms of purpose, this research is one of the applied researches for which a quasi-experimental method was used with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population includes all preschool girls in District 4 of Shiraz. The sample was selected using Sample available method and the selected individuals were replaced in two experimental (n = 22) and control (n = 22) groups. The measurement tool in this study was Newsha growth test. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of analysis of covariance showed that play therapy training has a significant effect on social identity of preschool children. Due to the different functions of play in education, it is necessary to teach children to play. When we teach the child the correct or new way of using a device, the subject and the story path are suggested to the child, in fact, the ground for the child's social development and social identity is provided.

Quantitative and qualitative development of skills training, design and development of flexible models and methods in demand training is a demand-driven necessity for the development of the country and the pottery sector, and vocational training for people interested in pottery in relation to their needs. The labor market as well as upgrading the existing skills to meet the needs of the pottery industry, especially for the province, which is the center of pottery production, is an inevitable necessity. Therefore, in this regard, the present study examines the educational needs based on the job analysis process in the pottery profession. This research is a qualitative rather than quantitative participatory research in terms of applied purpose, qualitative approach and methodological methodology. The statistical population in this study included pottery professionals and experts whose opinions were used during various meetings and workshops. In the sampling section of the community of pottery industry experts, due to the use of the Dikom method, first five experts from the mentioned field were selected by purposeful sampling based on the characteristics of expertise, experience and interest to participate in the workshop and participated in the workshop. The results of the research led to the identification of the path of professional development of the pottery industry and three main professions were identified, which included 29 sub-professions. The research findings are also directly applicable to training standardization programs for the pottery profession.

This study focuses on optimizing process of the blood coagulation powder composition with response surface methodology. For this purpose, optimizing the synthesis conditions of powder composition, the response surface methodology (RSM) was used by Box-Behnken design (BBD). The variables of this method were sodium alginate (A) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (B), prepared in combination with a fixed percentage of shell powder and measured for different reactions. results showed that according to the response surface methodology, which is the most optimal case, to introduce this method as a suitable suggestion for this kind of problem in the applications of vascular surgeries, burns, etc., and direct to future pre-clinic and clinical studies.

Research in education is the only tool that is used to improve and make useful changes in the quality of education programs and functions. Paying attention to research and the value and status of the culture of research and its development and questioning is a basic slogan in education and the training of teachers and students who are researchers and seekers is the most important mission of education. "Research culture" includes interdisciplinary values and ideas, as well as an environment where researchers can flourish as people with research capacities. The culture of research and innovation develops in a society where the educational and cultural system provides a suitable background for it. The result of continuous scientific and research activities makes the society gain knowledge, dynamism and efficiency. Due to the course of change and evolution of social developments, the education organization is one of the important and effective organizations and has a special sensitivity. In the meantime, the school as a small and vital complex is considered one of the most important social, educational and educational institutions and the main pillar of education and the most important indicator of the performance of the education organization. Teachers play an important and bold role in the success of research culture among students. They have an important and sensitive role that their performance can affect the personal and social life of students, therefore they should be fully aware of their duties as educational facilitators. Nalla & Nalla( 2016) and Puplampu, ( 2021) have pointed out the leadership style, institutional support, ability to defend or express, present, discuss, and defend their work to peers, guide, writing skills, labs, time management, collaborative working skills, confidence levels and increased tolerance for frustration. The organization of education and training has not been able to present a clear strategy for the foundation and development of the research culture despite having a huge human force. This has always caused challenges such as the lack of up-to-date activities of schools and the failure to meet the deep needs of the society, the passivity of teachers and students in the 21st century, the weakening of the feeling of the need for progress in the young generation, the weakening of the culture of reading books, the weakening of the spirit of questioning, non-blossoming of potential talents and non-fertility of critical thinking , reduction of doubt to addicted beliefs, elitism, poverty and scientific stagnation, lack of scientific and logical movement in dealing with problems and attitude and emotional dealing with criticism. The study of the conducted research shows that the lack of a comprehensive policy based on systematic studies, the failure to use efficient human resources in research, the predominance of the memory-oriented approach over the research-oriented approach, the weakness of the content of textbooks, the weakness of the necessary motivations in researchers and project managers, the inconsistency of organizations in the matter of research, the lack of budget and the existence of administrative bureaucracy in order to spend the approved budget, the lack of necessary communication between educational research organizations and higher organizations, the lack of information centers and the lack of application of research results in decision-making , the involvement of politics and religion in research are among the challenges and problems of research in education. In the current research, based on the primary themes obtained, five individual, organizational, extra-organizational, programmatic and informational factors have influenced the development of research culture. The study method was qualitative with a phenomenological approach and potential participants included teachers and experts in the field of research of the Education Organization of Fars Province who were selected using the purposive sampling. The sample size according to the adequacy criterion of the number of participants based on theoretical saturation reached 14 people. Qualitative data collection tool Semi-structured interview research was selected and data analysis was performed based on content analysis. To validate the data, methods of feedback to participants, researcher review and stance, and alignment with scientific sources were used. The reliability of the findings was assessed using the opinions of the members of the steering committee, including experts from primary schools, as well as the dissertation committee. Findings showed that from the perspective of primary school teachers and experts, 5 main factors (individual, organizational, extra-organizational, Programmatic, informational) and 15 components will lead to the development of research culture in primary school. Also, the four components of self-growth, school curriculum, empowerment and freedom of action were of higher importance. The meaning of individual factors in education and research is self-esteem and interest and readiness to change, attitude, knowledge and research literacy and having some psychological components such as necessary and sufficient abilities and skills, the ability to understand the issues around problem solving and having spirit doing team work. Organizational factors refer to the impact of policy in education such as the lack of importance to research and the researcher, the lack of application of research findings in society's policies and the lack of use of researchers' opinions in policy-making teams. Extra-organizational factors refer to economic and credit issues, political components (applying the opinions of pressure groups on the process of classroom education, lack of freedom of expression and freedom after scientific expression, relationship orientation in the appointment of managers, filtering of some sites related to the keywords of the research title, the lack of feeling of job security) and legal issues. Programmatic factors refer to problems such as memorization approach, non-applicable content of textbooks, and inactive text books content. Information factors refer to the weakness of the information system and the lack of promotion of research culture due to the lack of proper communication space. According to what has been said, in the development of research culture, the role of teachers is very important and without accepting the role of research in school by teachers, solving and improving structural and interventional problems and fundamentally changing the educational approach, education and training will not be successful in practice. The development of this culture will not be achieved.