فهرست مطالب roya noorbakhsh
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BackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a major health problem in many developing countries including Iran. ESCC has a very poor prognosis, largely due to late diagnosis. As a first step in developing an early detection and treatment program, we conducted a population-based endoscopic screening for ESCC and its precursor lesion, esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD) in asymptomatic adults from Golestan Province, northern Iran, a high-risk area for ESCC, to evaluate the feasibility of such a program and to document the prevalence and risk factor correlates of ESD.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among participants of the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS), a population-based cohort of 50,000 adults in eastern Golestan Province. Randomly selected GCS participants were invited by telephone. Those who accepted were referred to a central endoscopy clinic. Eligible subjects were consented and then asked to fill in a brief questionnaire. Detailed information about selected risk factors was obtained from the GCS main database. Endoscopic examination with Lugol’s iodine staining was performed, biopsies were taken from unstained lesions as well as the normally stained mucosa of the esophagus, and the biopsies were diagnosed by expert pathologists according to previously described criteria.ResultsIn total, 1906 GCS subjects were invited, of whom only 302 subjects (15.8%) were successfully enrolled. Esophagitis (29.5%) and ESD (6.0%) were the most common pathological diagnoses. Turkmen ethnicity (adjusted OR = 8.61; 95%CI: 2.48-29.83), being older than the median age (OR = 7.7; 95% CI: 1.99–29.87), and using deep frying cooking methods (OR = 4.65; 95%CI: 1.19-18.22) were the strongest predictors for ESD. There were significant relationships between esophagitis and smoking (p-value<0.001), drinking hot tea (P value = 0.02) and lack of education (P value = 0.004).ConclusionWe observed a low rate for participation in endoscopic screening. Overall prevalence of ESD was 6.0%. Developing non-endoscopic primary screening methods and screening individuals with one or more risk factors may improve these rates.Keywords: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, endoscopic screening, northern Iran}
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در این نوشتار حذف رنگ بازی زرد 28 از نمونه پساب سنتزی با (SDS) استفاده از نانوذرات اصلاح شده با سدیم دودسیل سولفانات نمونه، pH ارزیابی و مطالعه شد. اثر پارامترهای تجربی مختلف مانند مقدار جاذب، مقدار سورفکتانت، قدرت یونی و نوع شوینده ارزیابی و بهینه شد. تحلیل داده های هم دمای تعادلی نشان داد که مدل لانگمویر مطابقت بهتری با داده های به دست آمده دارد. همچنین از 141 به دست mg/g روی مدل لانگمویر، بیشینه ظرفیت جاذب معادل آمد. با مطالعه شرایط واجذب مشخص شد که با استفاده از متانول، به عنوان شوینده، میتوان نانوذرات را بازیابی و دستکم برای 6 مرتبه متوالی مجددا استفاده کرد.
کلید واژگان: نانوذرات مغناطیسی, رنگ بازی زرد 28, مدل لانگمویر, حذف رنگ}Batch adsorption experiments were carried out for removal of basic dye, namely Basic Yellow 28 (BY 28), from synthetic wastewater sample of textile’s company, using sodium dodecyl sulphate coated magnetite nanoparticles (SDS-Fe3O4 NPs). The effects of various experimental parameters (e.g. initial pH, SDS amount, ion strength) were examined and optimal experimental conditions were obtained. The results showed that adsorption process onto the adsorbent is very fast and nearly 30 min of contact time was found to be sufficient for the dye adsorption to reach equilibrium. Equilibrium isotherm data were analyzed according to Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The characteristic parameters for each model have been determined. The Langmuir isotherm gave the best correlation for the adsorption of the BY 28 onto the adsorbent. On the basis of the Langmuir analysis, the maximum adsorption capacities were determined to beand 140.8 mg g-1. Also, regeneration studies showed that Fe3O4 NPs can be regenerated and reused at least for six times.
Keywords: Magnetite Nanoparticles, Removal, Basic Dye, Basic Yellow 28}
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