s. nouripour-sisakht

Candidiasis is the most opportunistic infection with a high rate of recurrent infection. Salvia macrosiphon has an antibacterial effect; however, its antifungal effect was not studied. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of essential oil from leaves of Salvia macrosiphon and its antifungal activity compared with fluconazole.

Salvia macrosiphon leaves, a native plant of Kogiluyeh and Boyerahmad province, were collected from Zagros Heights and used in this study. Then, the essential oil of this plant was tested for antibacterial and antifungal properties and compared with fluconazole.  The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by GC/MS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry), and the antifungal activity of the plant's essential oil was compared with that of fluconazole.

The results of GC-MS analysis proved the presence of at least 29 compounds in the essential oil of Salvia macrosiphon. Amon these constitute butyl benzoate (49.16%), n-hexyl benzoate (7%), and isopatolenol (4.83%) were the main compounds. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the essential oil (µl/ml) of Salvia macrosiphon and fluconazole (μg/ml) were 0.44 and 0.7 for Candida albicans, 0.056 and 0.7 for C. glabrata, and 0.1 and 0.088 for C. parapsilosis, respectively. Also, statistical analysis demonstrated a significant difference between the mean of fluconazole and essential oil in total Candida isolates (p=0.001).

The essential oil of Salvia macrosiphon has stronger antifungal activity than fluconazole.

Lamiaceae family are compromised the majority of species of the family have essence that was used for the nutritional, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industry. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of essential oil from aerial parts of Bollota aucheri with its antibacterial and antifungal activity of it compared with fluconazole.

This clinical laboratory research was conducted on the flowering aerial parts of B. aucheri that were collected during 2020-2021 from Zagros mountains in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. The essential oil of this plant was tested for antibacterial and antifungal properties and compared with fluconazole.  The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by GC/MS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) and the antifungal activity of the plant essential oil was compared with fluconazole.

Generally, β-Caryophyllene was the main compound of B. aucheri essential oil. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the essential oil of the fruit of B. aucheri and fluconazole were 0.078µl/ml and 1µl/ml for Candida albicans, 0.078µl/ml and 0.5µl/ml for C. glabrata, and 0.078µl/ml and 0.178µl/ml for C. parapsilosis, respectively.

The essential oil of B. aucheri could be used as a bactericidal and fungal alternative to antibiotics against microorganisms. Antifungal activity of B. aucheri essential oil is stronger than fluconazole.

Because of the increasing prevalence of fungal infections and antifungal resistance, researchers are seeking new antifungal medications and alternatives. This study aimed to assess the antifungal and anti-biofilm propertie of Myrtus communis L. essential oil and effect of hydroalcoholic extract on Candida species isolated from clinical specimens.

A total of 65 Candida species isolated from clinical samples were evaluated in this study. The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Besides, the antifungal and biofilm activity of M. communis against Candida isolates was compared with that of fluconazole

A total of 22 compounds, displaying 99.88% of the Myrtus Communis leaves OE, were identified and the major components were found to be α-pinene (51.22%), eucalyptol (16.88%), linalool (15.92%), and linalool acetate (4.03%). The main components of fruit EO were nonadecane (44.00%), heneicosane (19.60%), α-pinene (12.80%), and eucalyptol (10.08%). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the hydroalcoholic extract of M. communis was lower against C. parapsilosis compared to C. albicans and C. glabrata. Biofilm formation in different Candida strains was inhibited at M. communis essential oil concentrations of 2.5-0.0156µl/mL.

M. communis exhibited considerable antifungal effects against Candida species. Also, the inhibitory effect of M. communis essential oil against C. albicans biofilm formation was higher than that of fluconazole.

 Teucrium polium is a medicinal plant that is used due to its antispasmodic and antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the essential oil of T. polium against fungal, bacterial strains, and Giardia lamblia.

 In this clinical laboratory study, Teucrium polium was collected from the Dena mountain area in Yasuj, Iran. Essential oil was prepared from plant powder. Clinical Aspergillus species were isolated from otomycosis patients. For Candida species, the researchers used clinical isolates with otomycosis and vaginitis origin. 33 Aspergillus strains, 49 Candida species, and 33 non-albicans species were used as samples. The samples were collected and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and identified based on PCR-sequencing analysis. Different concentrations of essential oil were assessed by broth microdilution method against clinical fungi and bacterial isolates. Also, anti-Giardia activity of this essential oil was investigated at different times and concentrations. Chemical analysis of the essential oil was done by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry.

 The inhibitory effect of essential oil of T. polium on Candida and Aspergillus strains was varied and dependent on species. Generally, the effect of essential oil on non-albicans species was better than C. albicans isolates. Also, essential oil had an inhibitory effect on E. coli and Klebsiella but did not affect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Its effect on Giardia isolates was dependent on time and concentration. Oxygenated monoterpenes are the major compound of T. polium.

 Teucrium polium essential oil has a considerable inhibitory effect on different strains of microorganisms.

This study aimed to determine the antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida spp. with different sources.

This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Medical Mycology of Yasuj, Iran, from 2018 to 2019. Seventy-six Candida isolates recovered from different samples were used for antifungal profiles. Candida spp. isolates were identified at the species level based on molecular methods. The antifungal susceptibility tests with fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, clotrimazole, amphotericin B, nystatin, and caspofungin were assessed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method.

Our study showed that all isolates species were sensitive to antifungal drugs except for 3 (3.9%) isolates resistant to fluconazole. Among the In vitro activity of triazoles against all isolates tested, voriconazole had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration ranges of 0.5-0.015µg/ml. According to the minimum inhibitory concentration of 50%, amphotericin B (0.25μg/ml) and nystatin (0.0625μg/ml) was the most active polyenes against other Candida species.

Generally, the clinical correlation between the minimum inhibitory concentration value of different antifungals and different Candida spp. isolates are necessary because the resistance profile of Candida spp. is varied and dependent on the different variables.