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Ostrich (Struthio camelus) is one of the Newcastle disease (ND) sensitive species, which, according to reports it can be one of the most problematic diseases for this industry in Iran. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the ostrich antibody response to the program and doses of ND oil-adjuvanted vaccine produced by Razi vaccine and serum research institute (RVSRI), Karaj, Iran. Thirty of African black neck ostrich chicks in five different treatments groups were included in this experiment. In three groups Razi vaccine was injected at 5, 10, and 15 dosages, one group received 5 doses of an oiladjuvanted vaccine produced by another company, and a non-vaccinated as the control group. All vaccinated groups received 2 injections at the ages of 28, and 48 days. Blood samples were taken three times including before each vaccination on 8 and 28 days of age and also 20 days after the second vaccination. The antibody titer was assayed using ELISA and HI. Results were suggestive of an increasing trend of serial antibody levels after first and second vaccination in all vaccinated groups. There was no significant difference between all four vaccinated groups in term of antibody titer. Comparison between non-vaccinated and all vaccinated groups showed significant difference. According to the results, and regarding the volume of the inoculums, the present study suggests the 5- dose in first vaccination at the age of 2-4 weeks and the 10-dose in repeating vaccinations thereafter in higher ages.

Because P.multocida serotypes have no cross protection Several studies have been focused on identification of immunogenic molecules shared between different serotypes in the hope of production of a wide-range vaccine effective against all causative serotypes. In the present study, crude sonicated cell extracts of P. multocida serotypes A:1, A:3, and A:4 were immunoblotted against chicken hyper-immune sera in order to identify cross-reactive immunogenic proteins of them. 35 chickens aged two months randomly divided into 7 groups of five and were injected by monovalent or trivalent serotypes with time intervals of 14 days between first and second injections, and 10 days between second and third and third to fourth injections. The first inoculum was adjuvanted with complete Freund adjuvant (CFA), the second and third inocula were adjuvanted with incomplete Freund adjuvant (IFA), and the fourth one was without any adjuvant. Results showed that there are at least 5 cross-reactive immunogenic proteins in serotypes A:1, A:3, and A:4, in a way that antibodies produced by chicken in an immune response to immunization with whole cell Pasteurella suspensions are able to react with each of the 3 serotypes. These cross-reactive agents are proteins (or at least in some parts) with the molecular weight of 39, 40, 37, 53, and 30 K.Da. The 39 K.Da band was the most prominent immunoblott and introduced as candidate for molecular identification and future vaccine studies.

Members of gram-negative bacteria family Pasteurellaceae, include a large number of important economically human and veterinary pathogens. Organisms belonging to the family can colonize in mucosal surfaces of the respiratory, alimentary, genital tracts and cause diseases in various mammals, birds, and reptiles. Hemorrhagic septicemia is an acute disease of cattle and buffaloes in tropical countries caused by Pasteurella multocida serotype B:2. In the present study, the possible bactericidal activity of immune calf sera in the presence and absence of complement system was investigated. The results showed that P. multocida B:2 is highly resistant to positive serum, containing high levels of IgG and IgM obtained from calves after vaccination, and complement activity in normal fresh calf serum. This organism also grew rapidly in the normal fresh calf serum and the mixture of positive serum as well as normal fresh calf serum. As a control test an E. coli strain was subjected to the same experiment and found completely sensitive to the bactericidal activity of complement in calf and guinea pig fresh sera. Results were indicative of the presence of inhibitory mechanism(s) in P. multocida B:2 against bactericidal activity of immune calf serum and complement system.