saber khederzadeh

Salmonella spp. are enteric pathogen with a worldwide distribution comprising a large number of serovars. Many virulence factors of Salmonella are encoded by located genes on Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs). This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of two SPI-3 related genes in among three serotypes of Iranian salmonella: typhi, paratyphi B and paratyphi C.
A total of 25 salmonella strains were isolated from Iranian patients with clinical symptoms of salmonellosis. All isolated belong to salmonella serotypes of typhi, paratyphi B and paratyphi C. Salmonella isolates were screened for the presence of mgtC and misL genes by PCR amplification method.
Among 25 salmonella strains, 20 (80%) were positive for SPI-3 region. The presence of misL gene in these serotypes of salmonella was as follows: typhi (100%), Paratyphi C (33%), Paratyphi B (25%) and for mgtC: typhi(97%), paratyphC(33%), paratyphiB(0%).
the widely distribution of SPI-3 among Iranian salmonella isolates provide the basic information on the genetic background of virulence as well as molecular properties of three different serotypes of Salmonella. This is the first report on the distribution of SPI-3 in Salmonella isolates from Iran.

The Gorgani Cave Salamander (Paradactylodon gorganensis) is one of at risk species that only habitat of this species is a cave in Shirabad of Golestan province. In order to genetic determination of two phenotypes of Gorgan Mountain Salamander, after sampling and DNA extraction from ventral fins of 10 Salamander, the D-loop region was used. After loci amplifying in PCR, the all samples were sequenced. In this study, the results revealed that all sequence pattern of D-loop region were similar that it can be concluded that The D-loop region in the two strains was a one haplotype and there wasn’t any variation and it would appear that the high genetic similarities and no differences are in the two phenotypes of this population.

The Iranian Cave Fish (Iranocypris typhlops) is one of at risk species and important genetic resource that only habitat of this species is a cave in Lorestan province. In order to Genetic Determination of Iranian Cave Fish, after sampling and DNA extraction from ventral fins of 2 fish, the 12S rRNA region was used. After loci amplifying in PCR, the all samples were sequenced. The results revealed that all sequence pattern of 12S rRNA region were similar that it can be concluded that The 12S rRNA region in the two Iranian Cave Fish were a one haplotype and there weren’t any variation and it would appear that the high genetic similarities and no differences are in the two Iranian Cave Fish of this population.

In order to study of nucleotide variation of wild sheep populations of Tangsayad and Korayi guardianship regions, individual feces were taken from two populations. Then, in order to genetic comparison between two populations using D-loop region and Cyt-b gene of mitochondrial genome, DNA was extracted. After amplifying by PCR, the samples were sequenced. Then, sequences were analyzed using MEGA4 software. Results indicated that D-loop region has 552 base pair and Cyt-b gene has 589 base pair and no significant genetic variation was observed between the two populations.

In order to study the genetic structure of Palm squirrel, 50 squirrels were taken using proper traps, sampling and DNA extraction was carried out, using squirrel hair samples and 7 important markers of microsatellite were used. After loci amplifying by PCR and genotyping, statistical analysis for determining different parameters was implemented using statistical softwares. In this research, among the studied loci, Thu 50 locus had the highest number of alleles (3 alleles) and Thu 21 locus (2 alleles) had the least number of alleles. The highest level of Polymorphic information content was observed in Thu 50 locus. Considering the heterozygosity, the highest amount of observed and unbiased expected heterozygosity was detected in Thu 50 locus (0.250 and 0.559) and the amount of observed and unbiased expected heterozygosity were observed in Thu 21 locus (0.000 and 0.444), respectively. The highest and lowest values of Shannon’s index were in Thu 50 (0.934) and Thu 21 (0.637) loci, respectively. In this study, all loci were indicating Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.