فهرست مطالب sadegh moradi

From the last few decades Iranian Communities with considering the improvment and development in western countries, discussion about development and it dimension is involved, but it did not very succeed. With regard to the Condtitution of Islamic Republic of Iran, despite the numerous principles that are discussed in detail of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, it has always been lagging behind the path of development, especially it social aspect, it has become a matter of great interest. For sure, this persistence stems are from several factors. Social development leads to the strengthening of democracy, because it requires the full participation of citizenry. Also, social development can be considered as a strategy to deal with poverty, although it's a very complex and long-term process. In order to achieve the purposes of social development, paying attention to other dimensions of development, especially economic and political development, is very vital. in a way that it can be confidently acknowledged that without the realization of economic development, it is impossible to move in the direction of social development, and considering the economic situation this days of Iran, this is facing several problems. In the current research, the authors, while using the library method and criticizing and analyzing the laws and regulations of the events, guide the new model of social development through comparative study, evaluation of global indicators and principles governing the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The conducting etiological researches on the addiction, for the design and implementation of preventive programs by experts of relevant organizations is inevitable. Therefore, this descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with the aim of ranking the cultural factors of  returning to drog addiction among self-introduced addicts by using a researcher-made questionnaire by random-class sampling method among 150 people from the statistical population, including: clients (self-introduced returning addicts), helpers and advisors, and  Clients' family members, in addiction treatment centers under the supervision of Andimeshk welfare in 2019. To analyze the data, were used descriptive statistics and SPSS software. In descriptive statistics, the demographic and demographic information of the sample was checked, and in inferential statistics, first the normality of the data was determined using the Kolmogorov Smirnov one-way test, and then using the Cochran chi-square test, the significance level of each of the components of operational cultural factors was determined and was measured. Among the 17 items of variable cultural causes, the encouragement from the user friends to reuse drugs and the spending leisure time with unhealthy entertainment, have most effect and the going to jail and the discrimination between children, have the lowest effect on return to addiction. The cultural factors effecting the return to drugs addiction can include the components of the encouragement from the user friends to reuse drugs, the spending leisure time with unhealthy entertainment, the labeling, failure to track related institutions, Not assigning a program to spend leisure time, Having positive beliefs in using drugs to relieve and treat diseases ,and  Lack of knowledge about the nature of new drugs

According to paragraph 2 of Article 156 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, "restoring public rights and expanding justice and legitimate freedoms" is one of the duties of the judiciary. Nevertheless, despite the fact that the independent mention of the said duty in a separate paragraph under the said principle means its equal value with other duties of the judiciary, for reasons such as the ambiguity of the terms and the importance and number of cases in the jurisdiction, in comparison with other clauses of the above-mentioned principle do not provide a significant executive mechanism for the aforementioned task. In this regard, the authors in the upcoming research with a critical approach and by using library sources and analysis of laws and regulations, while clarifying the terms and comparative conceptualization of public law and other similar concepts, conclude that despite the importance of the category First, the duty of the judiciary in relation to paragraph 2 of Article 156 of the Constitution, the revival of public rights, in comparison with other duties under the said principle, has been neglected and requires more effort, which will be explained in the following with a view to the general scope of the concept of public rights. It is possible to clearly identify its multiple examples and provide the possibility of guaranteeing it.

The constitution is a covenant with the nation and the government, that is a logical and external symbol of the social contract for every country and it reverberates on the background of legal system and protects its sanctity and implementing its principles requires considerable attention. Despite its importance and its legal and political status, the Constitution isn’t exempt from need for interpretation. Also the historical concerns of violation, the separation of powers, abuse of the authority to interpret the law, and the comprehensive claim and obstruction of the subject laws, have caused doubts in the recognition of the establishment of the interpretation of law, especially the constitution. For this reason, the interpretation of constitution and need for scientific analysis and use of reasonable method with a view to the of human rights, become very important. It is obvious that rules and methods of this interpretation should be used in the framework of comprehensive theory, so that on the one hand, they don’t cause difference in the sense of the constitution and on other hand, they bring coherence to the legal system. With realistic interpretation, understanding provisions of the constitution in objective context and taking care of the coherence of legal system provide the most suitable context in this category. In this research by using library resources in a descriptive-analytical way, an effort has been made in order to become familiar with the legislative process, the effect of applying human rights opinions and ideas, the interpretation of the constitution and its role in the development of constitutional rights and also to prevent the crisis in law-abiding governance by applying principles to balance the matter of interpretation; these issues are considered by the authors in this article.

In order to eliminate or reduce the harms caused by addiction, the anti- narcotics police and addiction treatment centers have a serious role to play, but regardless of their important function, the prevention of addiction and its return requires recognizing the undrelying factors. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the social causes of returning to addiction and providing strategies to prevent it.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by random-class random sampling method among 150 people from the statistical population, including: 1-Clients, 2-helpers and advisors and 3- Clients' family members, using a researcher-made questionnaire whose its validity was confirmed by 30 experts and its reliability was determined through Cronbach's alpha. It was performed in addiction treatment centers under supervision of Andimeshk welfare office in 1398. To analyze the data using spss software, descriptive statistics and inferential tests including: single Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, X2 Cochran test and Friedman ranking were used.

The findings indicated that among the eight items of the variable social factors, the availability of drug or consumption tools in the society has most effect and the homelessness has the lowest effect on return to addiction.

The social factors affecting the return to addiction can include the components of the availability of the availability of drug or consumption tools in the society, lack of supervision or poor supervision of family, lack of support and rejection by the family or community and living in the infected environments.

Michael Sandel is a famous contemporary political theoretician and philosopher who has explained his philosophical-political teachings with a clear and exemplary approach in numerous books. Sandel's efforts, whose main fame is due to his strength in expressing and moving the abstract topics of political philosophy to concrete social, political and economic issues, are always in line with explaining and recognizing the teachings of political philosophy, with a focus on the issue of pluralism, diversity and variety of communities. In this research, while benefiting from the descriptive-analytical method, we are evaluating and presenting the political philosophy of collectivism and the idea of Michael Sandel as one of the contemporary normative approaches of social sciences in explaining political phenomena, and in the meantime, taking into account the central importance of the subject of human rights in political studies and the role of social cohesion in Sandel's thought, we seek to answer the question of what were the methodological components of socialism of Michael Sandel and what concept of human rights is acceptable in Michael Sandel's thought? We discuss the methodological principles and main concepts of congregationalism. Sandel and collectivist thinkers in general are structuralists in the field of methodology, whose level of analysis is not micro and macro, but local, and geography and environmental rationality are very important to them. The application of this approach instead of other theories of positivist and hermeneutic approaches, despite some intellectual resistance, seems to be able to obtain a native approach for understanding and policy-making in the pluralistic Iranian society and can be used as an interdisciplinary theory for humanities.

Security is considered as one of the basic elements of efficiency and providing services to citizens and beyond that, it is the survival of existing political systems. Crimes against security have always been an significant topic of discussion. The present paper is an attempt to examine the threats and crimes against security in the Iranian legal system and its future challenges. The present paper is an analytical descriptive study and using the library method to investigate the subject under study. The findings of the study show that cyber crimes, such as espionage and unauthorized cyber access are among the crimes against security that have been criminalized. But security is also exposed to other important cyber threats that pose future security challenges. Cyber terrorism, cyber warfare, cyber disruption and hacking, phishing, farming, and smashing are among the security threats that are considered as future challenges because of the unclear nature of cyber security challenges, and dealing with it requires criminal and non-criminal prevention.

The Scientific Revolution in the 17th century, followed by industrial advances in the 18th century, set the stage for two major developments in urban space and urban planning; At first, classical liberalism emerged with an emphasis on the concepts of freedom and the reduction of state influence in the economy, and then there were sudden and massive changes resulting from the Industrial Revolution in cities. The entry of liberals into industrial cities had detrimental consequences, such as increasing class divisions, creating rich and poor poles, and inequality in the realization of citizenship rights for citizens. In the late nineteenth century, with the advent of the debate over the need to pay attention to the lives of different classes of citizens, liberal thought shifted to a focus on social welfare through a free economy, and neoliberalism was born. The present study seeks to explain the position of citizenship rights in urban planning based on the idea of neoliberalism with a descriptive-analytical approach. The data required for the research have been collected through documentary studies and have been qualitatively analyzed to determine the basic components of citizenship rights. The results show that in neoliberal urban planning, the social and civil dimensions of citizenship rights are emphasized with the aim of improving the level of social welfare.

The ECAP-Conform is one of the newest and less known processes that improve mechanical properties. In the present study, the effective parameters of the ECAP-Conform process for AA7075 have been investigated. Influence of parameters such as roller radius, bending angle, die channel angles, rod/roll friction coefficient, rod/die friction coefficient, and the aspect ratio of the die groove on the torque, the applied force on the die, the stress, and the effective plastic strain, the output rod curvature, and the strain distribution uniformity have been investigated. The design of experiments was carried out based on the response surface method by the Minitab software, and simulations were performed using the ABAQUS software. To validate the FEM, the ECAP-Conform process of AA7075 rod was performed and the comparison of experimental and numerical results have acceptable compliance (7.5% error). It was found that the die channel angles and the rod/die friction coefficient have a more significant effect on all responses. Moreover, to maximize the imposed strain and strength, and to minimize the process torque and curvature, as well as achieving a uniform distribution of strain, the optimal output parameters have been obtained.

According to human historical experience, the result of the confrontation between power and freedom has been the domination of governmental power and the suppression of the rights and freedoms of individuals; Thus, constitutions - especially the constitutions of civilized countries - in order to protect human dignity - with the logic that power must be regulated and rights and freedoms guaranteed - first in the position of expression, revival and guarantee of freedoms and then in the position of integration. And reconciliation between the power of the government and the rights and freedoms of the people, and in this regard have carried out numerous supervisory duties In order to protect the rights and freedoms of individuals for government forces have been specified and emphasized. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, as a democratic system, fundamental rights and freedoms, as an area accepted by reason and sharia, are at the top of social expectations, and in this regard, in addition to criminalization, various government guarantees in various manifestations to protect rights and legal action in case of violation is provided; In the same direction and with considering the central importance of freedom and the repeated provisions of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran on the need to protect rights and freedoms, while considering the original role of the judiciary in protecting rights and freedoms, while discussing freedom and the general concept Supervision, evaluation of the oversight duties of the Judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Iran in relation to rights and freedoms are considered by the author.

The primary purpose of this paper is to explain education in the geophilosophy mirror as a new approach to philosophize. The conceptual and inferential analysis method was used to achieve this goal. Deleuze's different definition of philosophy as "the art of forming, inventing and fabricating concepts" introduced a set of developments in the various areas of ontology and epistemology that from its most important output is the "geophilosophy theory". The results show that the innovations of this theory in the field of education have consequences that the most important of them can be such as "activism and "becoming" in light of the critique of teleological", "introversion in light of the critique of extraversion causality", and creation in light of criticism of representation and reproduction", each of this consequences have other educational implications.

In the present study, the permeabilities of CO2 and CH4 in terms of ideal and actual CO2/CH4 selectivity were investigated through the synthesized membranes of poly (ether-block-amide) (Pebax 1657) accompanied with poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG 400) and NH2-MIL125 nanoparticles. NH2-MIL125 nanofillers were added to the blend of PEG 400 and Pebax 1657 at various weight fractions to fabricate polymeric nanocomposite membranes. Several analyses such as the crystalline structure of the synthesized membranes, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) were utilized to investigate the cross-sectional and surface morphology of the membranes; the formation of the chemical bonds was identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). This study presents the permeation of both pure and mixed gases ofmethane and carbon dioxide through Pebax 1657, Pebax/PEG blend, and the Pebax/PEG/NH2-MIL125 nanocomposite membranes in a pressure range of 2-8 bar and at ambient temperature. The findings demonstrated that the synthesized nanocomposite membranes had a positive effect on the separation performance in comparison with the membranes made of neat polymer and polymer blends.

In this paper a numerical study is presented with the aim of evaluating the
performance of using curved stator blade on Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT). The flow over the Savonius turbine was assumed to be twodimensional (2D), viscous, turbulent and steady. Simulations were performed in a Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD software FLUENT, using Reynold’s Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations (RANSE) solver with unstructured mesh. Turbulence was modeled with the k-e model. The effects of varying Reynolds number and stator blade have been investigated. The static torque values of the rotor have been measured by experiments and calculated by numerical analysis, and finally they have been compared. The best results have been obtained by means of the rotor with curtain. This simulation determines the aerodynamic behavior of the rotor and stator blade. Torque coefficients have been investigated in this present research work by measuring the pressure distribution on the blade surfaces at various wind angles. For the turbine, the numerical results of pressure and torque were compared for the two cases. From the Simulation data it can be concluded that the torque and performance of VAWT increase with stator blades.

Investigation on rheological properties of a reaction injection moulding polyurethane formulation was performed during the formation reaction. The effect of reaction temperature on the gelation time was studied in a wide temperature range covering temperatures below and above the gelation temperature. The gelation temperature and gel times were determined using the results of temperature sweep and time test experiments by employing rheological criteria. The results indicated that a noticeable increase has been occurred in the activation energy of gelation process at gelationtemperature. The shear rate dependency of the reactive mixture was also studied inlinear and non-linear viscoelastic domains. The viscosity of the reacting formulationexhibited shear thinning behaviour in both viscoelastic regions. By superimposing thecurves of shear viscosity in non-linear viscoelastic domain and the complex viscosityin linear viscoelastic region, it was found that the formed network-like structureremained intact under the shear rate in non-linear viscoelastic region. Moreover theseresults showed that by progression of the reaction the shear viscosity deviated to highervalues with respect to complex viscosity. This was attributed to the effective role ofconvective movements in non-linear viscoelastic regime. Convective movements ledto mobility increase of functional groups at high viscosities where the Brownianmotions are drastically retarded.