فهرست مطالب saeed sadeghi boruojerdi

The aim of this study was the effect of brand awareness and fashion awareness on enjoyable experience, satisfaction, intention to buy and word of mouth in buying Sports clothes among physical education students. The research method was descriptive-correlation and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all physical education students in the country, which finally 367 samples were collected and analyzed based on sample estimates of Sample Power software. The measurement tool was Childs et al. (2019) questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale. Brand Awareness 4; fashion Awareness 3; Satisfaction 3; Intention to buy 3; Word of mouth3; and the enjoyable experience included 3 questions. In order to check the validity of the questionnaire, 5 professors and PhD students in sports management were provided and after reviewing them, the final design questionnaire was distributed online among the statistical population. The results showed that brand awareness (0.50) and awareness fashion (0.225) had an effect on the enjoyable experience. enjoyable experience had an effect of 0.465 on satisfaction and satisfaction had an effect of 0.69 and 0.45 on the intention to buy and word of mouth In general, if brand and fashion awareness is evaluated at a high level, it will lead to a pleasant experience and customer satisfaction among customers, and as a result, word of mouth advertising and the intention to buy customers will develop.

The positive reputation of the sport teams is the most important intangible asset that somewhat determines their success. Therefore, the purpose of this study was the The Influence of the dimensions of Sport Team Reputation on Team Identification and The spectators’ Attendance Intention. Present research’s method is descriptive - correlation. The population and sample of the research includes members of the Persepolis team's telegram channel (1337926). 525 people of them were randomly selected. For the measurement of the variables of the research, some questionnaires were used, that their formal and content validity was confirmed by the experts, and their internal consistency was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha, and the structural equation model was used for hypothesis test. The results showed that team performance (0.82), team social responsibility (0.76), Spectator-orientation (0.70), team tradition (0.44), management quality (0.37), and financial stability (0.26) had the most impact on team identity of the audience, and team identity with a 0.80 regression coefficient, had effected the attendance intention. Therefore, sport teams can focus on the dimensions of the reputation of the sport teams by formulating and designing necessary and new strategies and programs, not only to achieve reputation, but also to create team identity, and finally to increase the spectators’ intention of attendance.

The purpose of this study is the to Analysis the response of the fans to the professional athletes’ self-presentation in the social media of Instagram. 328 posts shared during 2019 on the official Instagram page of two female professional athletes, Maria Sharapova and Serena Williams, were analyzed and classified. The sample included 328 posts from both players, 120.716.122 likes and 2.246.584 comments. The analysis results of the pages of these two athletes showed that Serena Williams, on her Instagram page, has focused respectively more on social-role-related posts (32%), advertisement posts (25%), sports posts (23%), pictures showing her body (11%), selfies (4%) and nature and environment (2%). In contrary, Maria Sharapova respectively has posts with the contents of social role (28%), sports pictures (28%), nature and environment pictures (15%), advertisement pictures (11%), selfies (8%), pictures showing her body (2%). Also the results have shown that posts with sports content, body-showing, selfie and advertisement, respectively have the most number of likes and posts with the contents of social and nature and the environment, respectively have the most number of comments. The results of the present study highlight the importance of the content type of women athletes' Instagram posts for fans and followers. It also offers new insights and knowledge through a better understanding of the response (likes and comments) of followers to build a strong relationship and interaction, engagement and engagement.

Brand, branding and its management are not new in sports management, but the concept of athlete brand and its management is a topic that has recently attracted the attention of researchers. Therefore, the purpose of this descriptive and correlational study was to examine the role of managing the characteristics of the athlete brand in psychological commitment and behavioral  loyalty to the athlete.  All students of the University of Kurdistan who are Crist Ronaldo fans were selected as the statistical population. The measurement tools included athlete brand image questionnaire with 30 questions (Arai et al, 2013), psychological commitment questionnaire with 3 questions (Väätäinen & Dickenson, 2018), and behavioral loyalty questionnaire with 4 questions (Bauer et al, 2008). The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by experienced professors and their internal conformity was approved by Cronbach's alpha test. In addition, a structural equation model was used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that the athlete brand characteristics: Athletic expertise (0.81), Relationship effort (0.75), Role model (0.70), Sportsmanship (0.71), Lifestyle (56.5), Physical attractiveness (0.52), Competition style (0.44), Rivalry (0.40), Symbol (0.39) and Body fitness (32) had the most effect on fans' psychological commitment directly, and their behavioral loyalty indirectly. Moreover, psychological commitment with a regression coefficient of 0.71  affected behavioral loyalty. This research can provide a coherent insight into the management of athlete brand characteristics, for sports team managers, athlete program managers,  sports marketers and the athletes themselves. It also provides a wide range of management actions necessary for better managing athletes' brand, creating a strong brand, creating a desirable image and its desirable association, and finally developing fans' psychological commitment and loyalty to athletes and enjoying the benefits and results from them.

Purpose of this study was to definition the role of team identification on football fans intentions to attendance mediated by attendance constraints conducted on Esteghlal Tehran Football Club. The research method in this study is descriptive - correlation and SEM was applied to survey the research hypothesis. The number of 550 fans of Esteghlal and team were selected as the research. In order to measure the research variables including attendance constraints, team identification, and intentions to attendance, the questionnaires of Rocha and Fleury (2017) were applied. The validity and accuracy of the questionnaires confirmed by the experts and the reliability of the test questions were confirmed via Cronbach’s alpha test. The results illistrate that team identification with a coefficient of -0.41 impact attendance constraints and with a coefficient of 0.66 impact fans intentions to attendance. On the other hand, attendance constraints with a coefficient of -0.83 impact fans’ intentions to attendance. According to the results of the present study, two things are suggested. On the on hand, by developing and reinforcing fans’ team identification, reduce their perception of constrains to attend in stadiums. On the other hand, by solving and facilitating constrains help fans intention to attend in stadiums

Instagram has increasingly become a tool for sharing visual content for professional athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use Instagram as a personal brand management tool for professional athletes. The method of qualitative research was quantitative content analysis. 472 Instagram posts of two professional footballers (Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi) were analyzed, in which the photos were categorized based on product-related and non-product-related attributes. Statistical analysis included analyzing the content of Instagram posts and examining the number of likes and comments on the athletes' Instagram page. The findings showed; for both athletes, posts with non-product-related features were significantly more shared than posts with product-related features on Instagram. The number of likes on posts with product-related attributes was significantly higher than the number of likes on posts with non-product-related features for both athletes. Also, the number of comments in posts with product-unrelated attributes content was significantly higher than the number of comments in product-related attributes posts for both athletes. This study shows that Instagram facilitates the understanding of how fans engage and interact with posts related to athlete brand attributes, and fans can play a more active role in the athlete brand building process through likes and comments. Based on this, it is suggested that professional athletes should have a greater understanding of the semiotics of images for posts in order to increase the number of comments and likes of their fans.

The purpose of the present study was to examine moderating role of using Instagram in relationship between involvement with the team, Attachment and the fans loyalty ) Case Study: Persepolis football team). The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all students of Persepolis fans football team in University of Kurdistan, that 420 of them were selected as statistical sample. The questionnaires of sports involvement dimensions by Kyle et al. (2003), attachment from Funk and James (2006), loyalty by Baer et al. (2008) were used, that its formal and content validity was by experts and their internal consistency was confirmed through alpha Cronbach, and structural equations and linear regression were used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that the involvement with the team, with a regression coefficient of 0.24, had a positive effect on the team's dependency variable, and also dependency variable of the team with a 0.50 regression coeficient, had a positive and meaningful effect on fans’ loyalty. Also, the team involvement variable without the use of the Instagram, predicts 14% of the variance of the team's attachment, which increases by 3.5% in the presence of Instagram, that is, 17.5% of increasing. Theoretically, the results of this research highlight the importance and application of the social media platform and the production of optimal content in the team marketing strategies. Scientifically, it is suggested to the sport team managers, by strengthening their relationships with fans through Instagram, increase the likelihood of involvement, dependence and loyalty of their

The purpose of this study was to predict organizational effectiveness based on emotional intelligence of high school physical education teachers in illam province. The population was all of high school physical education teachers in Ilam province comprises 152, the sample was all of population because they are small in size. Research instrument was Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence and Ratter’s organizational effectiveness questionnaire that their reliability were 0.79 and 0.71 respectively. Collected data analyzed using one-sample t test, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis with SPSS software. Based on the findings, the relationship management (P≥0.001), consciousness (P≥0.016) and auto management (P≥0.001) has a significant relationship with organizational effectiveness of physical education teachers. Also self-management and relationship management, emotional intelligence, can predict ability of physical education teachers’ organizational effectiveness. It can be stated that organizational effectiveness of physical education teachers improves by strengthening their emotional intelligence and self-management, particularly in self-management and relationship management.