saeid eid koshayesh

However, the phenomenon of cyberspace in the new age has led to many human advances, but it has also hosted many real space disorders. Today, at the international level, many conflicts have been exploited in this field by using or exploiting the capacity of this space, one of the most important of which is cyber attacks and hostilities. Different States have regarded the space as the battlefield and are in the direction of damages to others who call it their enemy. One of the most important and influential countries is the United States, which uses its advanced equipment to take these measures against other States.In this regard, the necessity of paying attention to cyber attacks that can lead to the responsibility of states is inevitable because some of these attacks can violate the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of the countries-as a Jus Cogens of International Law. The present article, with the help of a descriptive analytical approach, has come to the conclusion that some US cyber attacks are due to elements such as informed invasion, violation of the independence of the states, and the element of coercion violate the principle of non -intervention And the efforts to fill the gaps have led to completely different results from the insertion of democratic values to the unintended strengthening of protectionist tendencies, and so far cyberization has not had a tangible impact on the principle of non-intervention and its quality.

Hostile actions and resorting to coercive force in the cyberspace fields are very important issues that could challenge fundamental principles of the international law. Many States consider the cyberspace as a battlefield and intend to inflict damages through it to their opponent states. United States is considered an avant-garde in these issues. The United States possess many advanced technologies in cyberspace field. In this respect, the necessity of self-defense (legitime defense) against cyber-attacks seems inevitable, although from “treaty law” point of view it lacks the basic internationally supported legislations. It remains to be clarified whether the 51th Article of the United Nations Charter could be used as a legal base for cyber self-defense or not and if that could be entitled self-defense or not. This study employs descriptive-analytical method through data analyzing system. Findings of this study indicate that in the event of a cyber-attack by a State or its agents, a cyber-self-defense could be legally justifiable provided that the legal conditions of the self-defense such as compatibility of self-defense with the attacks and some other international law principles (principle of non-use of force for example) are met, Of course, in the path of self-defense, the principle of proportionality must be observed as the main rule, and as soon as the Security Council effectively intervenes in the crisis, the defense must be terminated.

 Yemen is a country from antiquity with a civilization belonging to the pre-Islamic era. During the Islamic history they became Muslim but they kept their tribal life traditions, tribal rivalry and fight, for instance, in this country are not a new phenomena.Since early nineteenth century certain foreign forces too found themselves somehow interested in the Yemenis life, notwithstanding their colonial dominance intention which they were planning to establish in this territory.
Today Yemenis are confronted with so many internecine wars between the domestic rebels and factions in one hand and the foreign troops on the other.In this article we study the historical roots of this sectarian war, while the other main purpose of this study is to assert the harmful impact of foreign States interferences on independence and territorial integrity of Yemen.

 In dealing with issues comprising different components which in turn involve more parameters with different variability, as it is the case in this study concerning the intrinsic cultural elements affecting the courses of events in Yemen beside the foreign interferences, the discussions on the methodology usually outreach the mere formalism, debating the virtues of extensive approach against the restrictive approach, taking into account the particular features of  the research subject, this article is prepared using “data analyzing system” based on the “contextual approach”.

 The scope of our research shows that, today Yemen is on total disarray on the verge of territorial disintegration and foreign interferences, particularly foreign military interventions are being considered as the major cause of this calamity.

 Actually the majority of Yemenis are in a dire situation regarding the necessary means of life. UN Security Council expresses its alarm over innocent civilian people’s fate and, more importantly, all parties involved in Yemen war continue to commit gross violation of international law.