sahar khademi

Fear of the pain associated with natural childbirth has long been considered a significant factor influencing the preference for cesarean section. This study aimed to determine the effect of remote midwifery-centered care through a smartphone application on the management of fear of childbirth (FOC) in primiparous women.

This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 pregnant women referred to Baharloo Hospital in Tehran in 2019. The intervention group received tele-smartphone-based care, while the control group received routine prenatal care. The fear of childbirth was explored using the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire, which had two versions (A and B) and assessed fear before and after childbirth, respectively. The data was analyzed using SPSS software version 25, which involved descriptive and inferential statistics, including a repeated measures analysis of variance test.

There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding demographic characteristics (P >0.05). The mean score of fear of childbirth in the intervention group was significantly different from the control group in all periods after the intervention. (P = 0.001).

Remote care can have a positive effect on the fear of childbirth. Therefore, it can be considered as an alternative care during pregnancy.

The increase in global energy demand in the face of the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and on the other hand the harmful environmental effects and global warming caused by the consumption of fossil fuels is one of the problems ahead. Therefore, renewable energy sources such as biogas should be developed. In this study, an automatic control system was developed to control the material's temperature and pressure inside a continuous plug flow digester with an approximate volume of 3600 liters. After installing the control system, in four separate periods, the production of biogas and methane for four different types of substrate including a combination of cow manure and water (slurry) with a ratio of 1: 1(treatment 1), cow manure slurry and 8% used frying oil (treatment 2), co-digestion of manure slurry 10% used frying oil (treatment 3), co-digestion of manure slurry and 12% used frying oil (treatment 4). At each feeding and discharging, a step used the substrate and the outgoing material to determine the pH level, total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), ammonia, and organic loading (COD). Also, the amount of gas generated at each digester discharge was recorded from a gas flow meter. Data were analyzed in SAS statistical software. The significant difference of each parameter was evaluated with LSD mean comparison. The results showed that the oil increase had a great influence on the production of biogas and increase the methane content. In addition, the mean comparison of LSD showed a significant difference between the average volumes of biogas produced for four different types of substrate.

The purpose of this study was the effect of eight weeks of circuit training on the Irisin levels and the Insulin Resistance Index (HOMA-IR) in overweight women.
In this study 22 overweight women voluntarily were chosen (Age 26.04±4.43 yrs, BMI 29.35±2.53 kg/m2) and were divided to two groups of control (n=11) and experimental (n=11). In the experimental group, subjects performed circuit training for eight weeks and four times per week. Blood sample was taken before and 48 hours after the last training session. Statistical analysis at the level of PFindings: After eight weeks of training, the level of Irisin in experimental group significantly increased while the HOMA-IR had a significant reduction (p It appears that circuit training improves body composition and metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance through Irisin induction in overweight women.