فهرست مطالب sajjad sadeghpour

Information literacy, as a critical skill, is not limited to library-bibliographic skills but it includes analytic-critical thinking skills. The importance of information literacy skills and critical thinking skills in finding information, evaluation, etc. of finned resources is not well known. So this study was designed to determine the critical thinking status and its relationship with information literacy among Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) residents.

The least sample size determined by the Cochrane formula was 195. Two instruments were used in this study: the thinking skills questionnaire, and the information literacy questionnaire. The questioner went to different wards, explained the study to residents, got the informed consent, took their questionnaires, and finally got back the filled questionnaires. The data was analyse by SPSS ver11.5.

195 clinical residents involved in this study, 66.6% of which were female and 53.3% were married. About 62.05% had a moderate level of information literacy. The best performance regarding the critical thinking domains was analysis and the poorest was evaluation. Information literacy did not have a relationship with general characteristics (p-value>0.05). But being male (p<0.002 , p<0.001)and unmarried (p<0.001 , p<0.001)had positive effects on critical thinking especially in regards to interference and deduction respectively. 

Residents did not have an acceptable level and were far from the desired level; neither in information literacy nor critical thinking. This study showed a significant correlation between critical thinking and information literacy.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the prognostic value of androgen receptor expression in bladder tumors.

This study was conducted in the urology department of Imam Reza Hospital on male patients with bladder tumors between 2021 and 2023. In the patients included in the study, during the TURBT procedure, one sample of the tumor and one sample of the apparently healthy mucous membrane of the patient were sent to the pathology laboratory for examination of the expression of the androgen receptor. Then, all patient information, including demographic information (such as age), possible risk factors (such as smoking), tumor grade, tumor stage, and bladder tumor type, was recorded. Finally, the results were analyzed in SPSS software.

A total of 47 male patients were included in the study, whose average age was 66.19±12.63 years. All patients included in the study had TCC. In the grading, 35 patients (74.5%) were in high grade, and 12 other patients (25.5%) were in low grade. The average level of androgen receptor expression in healthy tissue and tumoral tissue was 17.34±24.02 and 18.72±28.35, respectively. The amount of androgen receptors in healthy tissue was higher than in tumoral tissue, although this difference was not statistically significant (P-value=0.971). There was a weak inverse correlation between AST and androgen receptor, between ALT and androgen receptor, and between ALP and androgen receptor, but these were not statistically significant (P-value>0.05).

The expression level of androgen receptors in healthy tissues was slightly higher than in tumoral tissue, but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Considering that the results of studies conducted in this regard are not consistent with each other, there is a need to conduct more studies to clarify the relationship between androgen receptors and bladder tumors.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common condition in older males that causes bothersome symptoms. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the combined impact of curcumin and anticholinergic therapy in managing urinary irritation symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia following prostate surgery. This randomized clinical trial included patients with benign prostate hyperplasia who experienced irritating symptoms after prostate surgery at Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad from 2019–2020. Participants completed the IPSS questionnaire before the operation and were then classified into two groups. One group received anticholinergic therapy, and the other group received anticholinergic therapy plus curcumin BID for one month. The IPSS was used again at the end of one month, and results were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. 80 participants were included in this research, with an average age of 63.4±13.5 years in the control group and 64.6±9.5 years in the intervention group. Before the intervention, scores for urinary frequency (P-value=0.333), urinary urgency (P-value=0.387), nocturia (P-value=0.807), and total urinary symptom score (P-value=0.061) differed between the two groups. However, after the study, the intervention group had significantly lower scores for urinary frequency, urinary urgency, and total urinary symptom score compared to the control group (P-value<0.05). No significant difference was between two groups considering nocturia (P-value=0.051). This investigation was one of the first randomized clinical trials to evaluate curcumin's effects on reducing symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The results indicated that curcumin positively impacted decreasing these symptoms, although changes in nocturia were not significant.