samaneh bagheriyan

Given that clinical education is at the heart of medical education, it is also very important to pay attention to the efficiency of clinical teaching and a good clinical teacher. Clinical instructors often play both educational and therapeutic roles at the same time, and they must be empowered enough to not only do the right thing, but also to show and explain to students how to do it. The aim of this study was to explain the characteristics of a good clinical teacher based on the experiences of medical residents.

In this study, 14 medical assistants were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview. Coding and data analysis were performed using MAXQDA 2012. Content analysis method was used to analyze the data.

In continuous and rotational analysis of the data, 60 codes were finally obtained, which were divided into 10 subcategories and 3 main categories. Based on the experiences of assistants participating in the study, help and support, nurturing, counseling and guidance, role model, morality, patient care, scientific expertise, clinical skills, educational management, and teaching experience were expressed as the main characteristics of a good clinical teacher that were classified in three categories of supporter and mentor, ethics model, and wise instructor.

In this study, the characteristics of a good clinical teacher were identified with more depth. By paying attention to the results of the study, clinical professors can have a comprehensive plan to acquire these characteristics, and while empowering themselves, help to promote clinical education and community health.

Pain is a complex phenomenon، which in the past were easily overlooked in infants. Pain relief is a basic need and rights of all human beings. The most obvious and most effective strategy for reducing neonatal pain and painful process of restricting the use of drugs and non-pharmacological methods of pain relief. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of being in mother’s hug on neonates’ pain during immunization Mothers of 60 infants 2 to 4 months of your infant for vaccination were brought to health centers were invited to cooperate in the investigation. Samples were available. Infants were randomly divided into two groups of mothers and infants in arms control were. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire; Modified Behavioral Pain Scale. Data analysis using descriptive and inferential analyzes were conducted. There were significant differences in Behavioral Pain Scores of two groups include: facial expression، cry، and movements (p<0. 001). Findings regarding severity of pain in infants in the control group compared to the intervention group، Shows that Parents can be fed in order to reduce pain during painful procedures using safe and simple way to encourage.

• Treatment procedures are the most common sources of pain in children. Children with chronic diseases such as thalassemia experience many pains during painful procedures including at times of diagnosis, treatment and control of their disease. Several methods have been reported to reduce pain. Clinical professionals usually use distraction techniques to reduce pain. However, there is no agreement between them that which distraction technique is better for reducing pain. The aim of this study was omparing the effects of regular breathing exercise and making bubbles on the pain of catheter insertion in school age children.• This was a clinical trial on 60 children in the age range of 6 to 12 years, who were suffering from thalassemia and had a file in the Center for Thalassemia. Participants were randomly divided into two groups of experiment and control. Bubble making was performed for the first group and regular breathing exercise was performed for the second group. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, a scale for pediatric pain behavioral symptoms and Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, and Mann Whitney U tests and Spearman correlation).• The mean pain score based on the numerical scale was 5.60 ± 3.13 in the control group, 1.60 ± 1.75 in the bubble-making group and 1.85 ± 1.42 in the breathing exercise group. The mean score of behavioral pain symptoms was 3.80 ± 2.80 in the control group, 1.15 ± 1.13 in the bubble-making group, and 0.96 ± 0.75 in the breathing exercise group. Results showed a significant difference in the mean pain scores (based on numeric scale and pain behavior scale) between the control group and other groups after the injection, but the difference in the mean pain scores between the two groups of experiment after the injection was not significant.• According to the results of this study, both distraction methods of regular breathing exercise and bubble-making can reduce the pain of catheter insertion in children and since there was no difference between their effects, they can be used based on the individual child's interest.