sara abdollahi kheirabadi

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most prevalent bacterial infection in children. Awareness of the antibiotic resistance of common bacteria causing UTI in each area has a large impact on infection improvement. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antibiotic resistance of bacteria causing UTI in two to 15 years old children referring to Fasa Vali-e-Asr hospital during 2012 and 2014. This cross sectional - descriptive study was done on 283 children with UTI that had positive urine culture. After identification of strains, the antibiotic sensitivity definition test, using antibiogram disk diffusion method, was done. In this study, the most frequent isolates were Escherichia coli 64.3%, Klebsiella 14.5%, and staphylococci 6.4%. The highest sensitivity rate was to Ciprofloxacin and Nitrofurantoin and the highest resistance was to Co-trimoxazole and Cefalotin. Regarding the results, it is recommended to use Ciprofloxacin and Nitrofurantoin for outpatient treatment of UTI. Selecting proper antibiotics for UTI treatment should be on the basis of the local prevalence of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance pattern.

Antibiotic resistance due to the widespread use of antibiotics is one of the major causes of failure in antibiotic treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the rates of antibiotic resistance among Escherichia coli isolates from Fasa Vali-e-Asr Hospital patients. In total, 234 isolates of Escherichia coli strains, obtained from inpatients and outpatients, were studied. The identity of the isolated strains was confirmed by bacteriologic methods. T he drug sensitivity definition test to 17 antibiotics was done via the disk diffusion antibiogram method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the resistant isolates to Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem was measured using the s erial dilution method according to the CLSI standards. The resistance rates of the isolates to Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem by disk diffusion antibiogram method were 22.65% and 11.11% and by serial dilution method were 19.66 % and 9.4% of all the isolates, respectively. These results show higher resistance of Escherichia coli to Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem as compared to the results in previous studies. Further investigation will shed light on how to more effectively battle antibiotic resistance of virulent microorganisms.

Resistance patterns among nosocomial bacterial pathogens in hospitals may vary widely from country to country at any given point and within the same country over time. Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important bacteria that cause hospital-acquired infections. Therefore, surveillance of the antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii is necessary, especially in our country, where there is death of relevant data. This cross-sectional-descriptive study was performed on 63 MDR isolates of acinetobacter baumannii isolated from patients in Fars province hospitals. After acinetobacter baumannii diagnosis with bacteriological standard tests, we determined their susceptibility to the following antibiotics via the antibiogram method (disk diffusion): cefoxitine; polymixin B; nalidixic acid; meropenem; tobramycin; imipenem; trimethoprim sulphametoxazole; ampicilin-sulbactam; azteronam; rifampicin; ceftazidim; gentamycin; cefotaxim; piperacillin; ciprofloxacin; streptomycin; amikacin; and polymixin B. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC (for imipenem and ciprofloxacin against acinetobacter baumannii isolates was determined using the serial dilution method according to the CLSI guideline. The percentage of acinetobacter baumannii isolates that were resistant to ciprofloxacin, imipenem, and meropenem in the serial dilution method was 77.7%, 40.9%, and 60%, respectively. High antimicrobial resistance in acinetobacter baumannii species was observed in the present study; therefore, it is necessary to implement some approaches for the prevention of bacterial spread.