فهرست مطالب sarbarzeh

To identify durum wheat cultivars with high grain yield and yield stability, desirable grain quality and resistant to diseases, 18 elite durum wheat genotypes along with two commercial durum (Behrang) and bread wheat (Chamran) cultivars as checks were evaluated. The experiment was carried out in four locations; Khorramabad, Darab, Dezfoul and Ahwaz, research stations in warm and dry areas of Iran in two growing seasons; 2010-11 and 2011-12. The experimental design was randomized complete block with three replications.For grain yield, simple and combined analysis of variance were performed. The genotype × year, genotype × location, and genotype × year × location interactions were significant. For more precise evaluation of interactions and grain yield stability, stability analysis using AMMI model was employed. Biplot analysis showed that the genotypes; DW-89-3, DW-89-4, DW-89-6, DW-89-8, DW-89-9, DW-89 10, DW-89-11, DW- 89-13 and DW-89-15 had shortest distance to the biplot center, and therefore had higher grain yield stability. Genotypes DW 89-8 and DW-89-11had also higher grain yield and their protein content and semolina extract rate were higher or similar to the cv. Behrang.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of drought stress on 22 durum wheat genotypes. Different characteristics such as grain weight per spike, plant biomass, 100 grain weight, free proline content in leaves, and percentage of cell membrane damage were studied in greenhouse and laboratory conditions. Genotypes were sown under normal irrigation and moisture stress conditions. In stress experiment irrigation was applied until spike emergence stage. Leaf samples were taken from flag leaf under stress and non-stress conditions at flowering stage. Genotypes were then compared by calculating stress tolerance index (STI). Results indicated that genotypes, 12, 21 and 13 (Marvoid, Saymareh, and G13, respectively) performed better as compared to the others for drought stress tolerance, proline content, cell membrane stability, and grain weight/spike. These genotypes were selected as tolerant to drought. On the other hand, the genotypes 11, 3, and 9 (Garagilchik, 2019/01/23, and 11-11-1-3, respectively) were susceptible with lower proline content in leaves and higher cell membrane damage. It was also shown that there was a highly positive relation among grain weight/spike, STI, proline content and cell wall stability, therefore, these attributes can be used as selection criteria in the breeding programs.