فهرست مطالب seyed majid ghazanfari

BackgroundAndrogenic alopecia is one of the most common hair loss problems in men and women. Based on the symptoms, this type of hair loss can be compared to "Sale" in Persian medicine texts. The aim of study is evaluation the relationship between temperament and androgenic alopecia in patients referred to the skin clinic in 2019.Materials and methodsThe current study is a cross-sectional study was conducted on 164 patients with androgenic hair loss referred to the dermatology clinic. Patients were randomly selected. After collecting data, they were analyzed using SPSS 16 software. Results According to the results, although the greatest extent of hair loss in all grades was in men with warm and more wet temperaments, the results of Fisher's test showed, there was no statistically significant relationship between the severity of hair loss and the type of temperament (hot and cold) in men (P=0.39 and 0.89). In women, the greatest extent of moderate to severe and severe hair loss was observed in cold temperament. The results of Fisher's test show that there is no significant relationship between the extent of hair loss and hot,, cold temperament (P=0.49) and dry and wet of temperament (P=0.97) in women.ConclusionDespite the numerical superiority of men with hot and wet temperament and women with cold and wet temperament, there was no significant relationship between them and hair loss. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended.Keyword: Androgenic Alopcia, patterned hair loss, Persian Medicine, Temperament.

Kidney stones are one of the most common urological diseases. Renal colic is a medical emergency due to severe pain, and the repetition of its periods greatly impacts the patient's life quality. Providing different treatments while increasing the patient's life expectancy causes changes in their lifestyle, health status, and life quality. This study aimed to evaluate the life quality of patients with kidney stones in Mashhad in 2019 with a review of Persian medicine.

The present descriptive-analytical study was performed on 96 patients. Data were collected by SF-36 quality of life questionnaire, researcher-made demographic questionnaire, and the Salmannejad temperament determination questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-16 software.

The mean age of patients was 45.6 years; the mean number of stones was 18.1± 84.1 and the mean size of stones was 12.32 ± 8.53 mm. The mean and standard deviation of patients' life quality was 369.26±98.32. The highest mean was related to the physical function dimension (82.68 ± 21.8) and the lowest mean was related to the pain dimension (52.23 ± 25.47). There was a statistically significant relationship between some dimensions of life quality with blood pressure and temperament (Mizaj) variables (p <0.05).

Several factors improve the life quality of patients with kidney stones. Paying special attention to the characteristics of patients with kidney stones and modifying the type of nutrition based on their temperament can prevent the recurrence and re-formation of kidney stones.

Wet cupping is one of the therapeutic or preventive bloodletting methods with a long history that is recommended during certain times in Persian Medicine sources, but there is no recommendation regarding the amount of blood flow. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of time and circumstances of the applicants on the amount of removed blood.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, by easy sampling method with 739 participations of men who referred to a fixed center for wet cupping in Saveh city in 2022. The data was collected using an Information gathering form, and analyzed by SPSS-16.

Totally 739 men were referred. The average age was 34.91 years, height 174.92 cm, weight 80.32 kg and body mass index (BMI) was 26.25. The mean amount of blood excreted during cupping was 89.04 g. The amount of exited blood during cupping had a positive correlation with day and lunar month as well as age, height, weight, BMI, history of cupping, and the number of previous cupping records, and the statistical difference was significant (P <0.001) but the based on its doing time (day of the week and solar month) was not significant (P> 0.05).

The amount of excreted blood during cupping has a statistically significant relationship with age, height, weight, BMI, previous cupping history, and time of cupping.

 Viola odorata has been used since ancient times. According to Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) sources, it has a cool and moist temperament and is used for treatment of different diseases. Due to the low side effects and numerous beneficial effects of this plant, this study aims to review its therapeutic effects from the perspective of TIM and modern medicine.

In this review study, a search was conducted for the materials in many TIM books such as Canon of Medicine, Tuhfat al-Momenin, al-Jami’ li-Mufradat al-Adwiya wa’l-Aghdhiya, Al-shamel fi al-Sanaat Al-Tabiat, Makhzan al-Adawiyah, Firdaws al-Hikmah fi al-Tibb, Al-Hawi fi al-Tibb, Khulasat al-Hikmah, as well as the book “PDR for Herbal Medicines”, and for the related studies in online databases such as PubMed and Scopus using the keywords sweet violet, common viola, garden violet, herbal medicine, traditional Iranian medicine.

The medicinal forms of Viola odorata in TIM are various and are used for skin, digestive, respiratory, and urinary system diseases. Numerous studies have confirmed the various therapeutic effects of the plant. According to studies in modern medicine, its constituents include volatile oils, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, mucilage, gallates, phenols, vitamin C, coumarin, and Sitosterol.

Studies in modern medicine have proven the traditional uses of Viola odorata. However, due to the strong potential of this plant for making various medicinal products from it, more research is needed.

Cupping is one of the preventive and treatment methods in traditional Iranian medicine, which has two types, dry and wet cupping. The important point is that cupping should be done at the appropriate time and place and by the qualified people to have the most beneficial effects. This study aims to investigate the reasons for wet cupping therapy in Haziran, and the people’s knowledge of the cupping principles.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 in Mashhad and Birjand cities during the last days of June. Finally, 400 eligible samples participated in this study who were selected using a convenience sampling method. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS v. 16 software.

Of 400 participants, 392 completed the questionnaires; 62.8% (n=246) were male, 75.1% (n=292) were married. 40.3% (n=154) had a university education, and 77.7% (n=289) had moderate socio-economic status. 82.2% (n=53) of the women were housewives; 6.6% (n=26) of participants had an underlying disease, 40.8% (n=119) had a history of cupping two times or more in a year, and 42.7% (n=132) had moderate satisfaction with cupping therapy. The most common reason for cupping was the “maintenance of health” (73.9%, n= 272) followed by “disease treatment”. Regarding the people’s knowledge of the principles of cupping, it was found that more than half of  participants had correct information about the best season  (spring) for cupping  (81.5%, n=255), satiety during cupping (74.4%, n=210), the best time for having bath after cupping (after 24 hours) (79.7%, n=240), what to eat after cupping (Honey syrup) (64.7%, n=189) and complications of cupping (69.3%, n=185), but their knowledge was not desirable in other areas such as the best hours of day for cupping (46.9%, n=130), the best day of the week for cupping (21.3%, n=62), and the best days of month for cupping (35.6%, n=86).

Due to the high popularity of wet cupping in Haziran in Iran, and considering the people’s low knowledge of the proper principles and conditions of cupping (such as the time of cupping), it is necessary to inform the community through the media and use specialists in traditional medicine to monitor proper cupping and observance of its principles in the cupping clinics.

Pruritus is one of the most common problems that is seen separately or in combination with various diseases and has been studied in various medical schools. Its various aspects including definition, pathogenesis, types and treatments have been elaborated and tailored to the basics of each medical perspective. This study investigates the pruritus from modern and Persian medicine perspective.This study is a library review focusing on the pruritus. Initially related keywords include pruritus, itching, hekka, hives and wheal was searched among the prestigious scientific and reference textbooks, journals and sites of modern and Persian medicine such as Rook's textbook of dermatology, Habif Clinical dermatology, Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb, Zakhireh Kharazmshahi, Teb-e-Akbari, Khulasah al-Hikmah, Kamel al-Sana'a al-Tebbiya, Exir-e A'zam, Tohfe Al-Momenin and Makhzan-al-Advie. Then the necessary material was collected and classified and finally the present article was compiled.In both medical schools, the charecteristics and function of the skin are described initially, then the causes and mechanisms of pruritus are defined and explained. To facilitate understanding and presenting the subject, appropriate classificationare presented for each view. Also, for the pruritus treatment, appropriate recommendations have been put forward for each patient or condition.Generally, there is not much difference between the two views, but modern medicine is going more specifically through details. While the Persian medicine discusses more comprehensively. The treatment basis in Persian medicine is based on different individual and environmental conditions.

Pruritus is one of the most common problems of chronic kidney diseases. Different treatment modalities, while extending the life span of patients, can lead to changes in their lifestyle, health status and ultimately change their quality of life (QOL). Understanding the different aspects of patients' QOL leads to better services provided by health care teams to improve the patients' QOL. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life of hemodialysis patients with uremic pruritus in Mashhad in 1396 with a view to Iranian Medicine.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 52 patients. Data collection was done by the World Health Organization QOL and researcher-made demographic Questionnaire and SPSS 16 software was used for data analysis.

The mean age of patients was 51.73 years and mean duration of dialysis was 41.42 months. Total score of life quality was 56. The lowest and highest scores were seen in physical and environmental dimensions. There was an inverse significant relationship between some aspects of QOL with hemoglobin and creatinine and a direct significant relationship with age, diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia (P<0.005).

Hemodialysis patients' QOL is lower than others and several factors can improve it. Special attention to the individual characteristics of hemodialysis patients can be helpful in predicting their basic needs.

Itching is a mental feeling that elicits desire to scratch and results from stimulation of itch, pain or palpation receptors in the skin. In Iranian medicine, itching is referred as hekka. Several factors can cause this symptom. Various drugs are used to treat itching. They are sometimes costly and not readily available and have side effects. Given the time-consuming and cost-effective processes for the discovery of effective drugs, new strategies are needed to reduce processes time and costs. One of these strategies could be the use of previous experiences on medicinal plants and spices used in traditional medicine schools.
In this review, we searched the keyword "itching, pruritus" in three reference books of pharmacology of Iranian medicine, including The Canon of Medicine (Al-Qanon fi al-Tibb), Tohfe Momenin, and Makhzan- Al' Advieh and ened up with a list of 60 multifaceted plants effective in improvement of pruritus. The efficacy of each of them was categorized based of available evidence. Therefore, it is recommended to use the rich experience of Iranian traditional medicine in the production of new drugs for pruritus.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are intracellular proteins which are expressed in cell during stress responses. In normal pregnancy، circulating HSP70 levels are decreased and it was suggested to be elevated in several pregnancy complications. The role of circulating HSP70 in normal and pathological pregnancies is not fully known. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum HSP70 levels and preeclampsia.

This cross sectional study was conducted on 41 preeclamptic women and 39 healthy pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy who admitted to Qaem hospital of Mashhad، Iran in 2010-2011. All subjects were in their first pregnancy. The two groups were followed until delivery in terms of maternal and fetal complications. Serum HSP70 levels were measured using ELISA method in patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16)، independent t-test، Fisher''s exact and Mann-Whitney tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant.

The two groups were not significantly different in terms of maternal age، gestational age and body mass index (p>0. 05). Serum HSP70 levels in patients with preeclampsia were significantly higher than those with normal pregnancies (p<0. 001). There was no significant relationship between HSP70 and body mass index as well as between HSP70 and maternal age and gestational age (p>0. 05). There was no correlation between HSP70 and maternal systolic blood pressure (p<0. 001).

Serum HSP70 levels in patients with preeclampsia was higher than those with normal pregnancy. Serum HSP70 is not only be a marker for these conditions، it may also play an important role in pathogenesis of preeclampsia.