فهرست مطالب sheida sharifi saki

Breast cancer, which accounts for a high mortality rate due to cancer, is the most common cancer in females. Since this disease has negative effects on life, it can lead to depression. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of attachment styles to God and depression in females suffering from breast cancer with death anxiety as a mediator.

This descriptive-correlational study included all women with breast cancer referring to Mahdieh Medical Clinic, as well as Imam Khomeini, Firoozgar, and Pars hospitals in 2017. The sample size was determined at 397 people using Cochrane formula and a convenience sampling method. The participants were then asked to complete the Beck Depression Inventory (2001), God Attachment Questionnaire by Rowat and Kirkpatrick (2002), and Templar’s Death Anxiety Questionnaire (1979). The data were analyzed in smart PLS software through structural equation modeling.

According to the results, the quality of attachment to God and death anxiety can predict depression among the females suffering from breast cancer (P<0.05). It was also found that death anxiety as a mediator can mediate the relationship between attachment styles to God and depression (P<0.05).

It is concluded that any attachment to God reduces the level of depression in females with breast cancer, whereas death anxiety leads to an increase in the levels of depression. Therefore, it is suggested that these two factors be taken into consideration by the medical staff in complementary interventions.

Breast cancer is one of the diseases that is due create psychological and especially apparent effects in women reduce their sense of worth and self-esteem. The purpose of this study is investigating effectiveness of anger control skills training on improving self-esteem in women with breast cancer after mastectomy surgery.

In this semi-experimental study, between 79 women who had cancer treatment for at least 6 months and had a mastectomy sugery, 30 women with breast cancer after mastectomy surgery were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control group (each group has 15 people). The experimental group was trained group anger control skills with a cognitive-behavioral approach but the control group did not receive any interventions. Patients answered Rosenberg self-esteem Scale (1965) in pre test and post test.  

Covariance analysis showed that there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups in the post-test self-esteem.  Eta's squareness showed that 64% of self-esteem changes in the post-test were due to the effect of anger control skills training.

This study shows that anger control skills training can increase the self-esteem of women with breast cancer after mastectomy sugery. The use of these trainings along with drug therapy improving the mental health of patients and their families.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-compassion with depression in women with breast cancer with mediator death anxiety. This research was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population included all women with breast cancer referring to hospitals and medical center of Mahdieh, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Firoozgar Hospital and Pars Hospital in 1396. The sample size was 397 people who were selected and responded to Beck Depression Inventory (2001), God Attachment Questionnaire to Rowat and Kirkpatrick (2002) and Templer's Death Anxiety Questionnaire (1979). The data of this study analyzed by structural equation method and using smart PLS software. The results showed that the full inflows in the present model are confirmed at a significant level (p> 0/01). These results suggest that both direct paths and indirect paths have a significant effect on depression, but the paths that are more valid to the path of anxiety of death -> depression than other paths. In the formation of depression in women with breast cancer, mental and spiritual factors such as self-compassion and death anxiety are involved.Their findings implied the strong relation among spirituality values and psychological constructs.

Breast cancer is one of the common malignant cancers in the world. Being informed about having the disease often causes mental distress and depression in patients. Studies show that the prevalence of depression in patients with breast cancer is 13% to 33%. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the predictive factors for depression in patients with breast cancer. The researchers also aimed at studying the associations among compassion, patience, and depression in breast cancer patients. This was a cross-sectional study. The study population included all the women with breast cancer referred to the chemotherapy and oncology departments in Mahdieh Clinical Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Firoozgar Hospital, and Pars Hospital in Tehran in 2017. A sample of 397 patients was selected based on the Cochran formula through availability sampling. Participants completed Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), the patience questionnaire by Khormaei et al, and Neff’s Self-compassion Scale. A multiple stepwise regression was performed to determine the role of patience and compassion in predicting depression, and the relationships among depression, compassion, and patience were explored by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficients. All analyses were performed using SPSS 24. No significant relationship was observed between depression and patience (r = 0.07, p > 0.05), but there was a relationship between depression and transcendence (r = 0.08, p < 0.05), patience (r = 0.11, p < 0.05), satisfaction (r = 0.15, p < 0.01), and hesitation (r = -0.09, p < 0.05). In addition, correlation coefficients for depression and other components were obtained (overall compassion score: r = 0.11, p < 0.05; self-kindness: r = 0.31, p < 0.01; self-judgment: r = 0.24, p < 0.01; mindfulness: r = 0.27, p < 0.01; and common humanity (r = 0.34, p < 0.01). Self-kindness and common humanity accounted for 15% of the variance in depression in patients with cancer (p < 0.01). Patience enhances tolerance by developing resilience. On the other hand, self-compassion leads to higher emotional flexibility in dealing with cancer. Thus, it could be concluded that there is a relationship between self-compassion and depression in patients with breast cancer. Therefore, it is suggested that health professionals in hospitals should pay attention to enhancing patience and kindness in their interventions

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women, which causes depression in the affected patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between attachment style to God and depression in women with breast cancer, and the mediating role of illness perception.
The participants of this study were 397 women with breast cancer presenting to the oncology and chemotherapy wards of Firoozgar, Pars, and Imam Khomeini hospitals and Mahdiyeh Medical Center in Tehran between 2016 and 2017. This study employed convenience sampling technique. The data were collected by administering Attachment-to-God Questionnaire, Illness Perception Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (structural equation modeling based on path analysis) in SMART PLS.
Direct correlation co-efficients were 0.73, 0.37 and 0.92 between illness perception and variables of avoidance attachment style, anxiety attachment and safe attachment to God, respectively. Direct correlation co-efficients were 0.42, -0.23, -0.22 and -0.47 between depression and variables of disease safe attachment perception, avoidance attachment style, anxiety attachment and safe attachment to God, respectively while their indirect co-efficients with avoidance attachment style, anxiety attachment and safe attachment to God were 0.08, -0.07 and 0.08, respectively.
The results revealed that attachment to God impacts depression of women with breast cancer both directly and indirectly through illness perception.

Background and Children with autism disorder from early childhood are often confronting with cognitive and behavioral problems such as problems with eating, dressing, linguistic relation, and motor activity. The purpose of this study is determining the effectiveness of training applied behavior analysis to the parents of children with autism in increasing self-help of children with autism.
Design of present study is experimental with pretest, posttest and control group. The population includes all parents of pre-school and primary school children with autism in Tehran in 1394 year. Sampling was done through simple random sampling and 30 Participants (15 in experimental group and 15 in the control group) were assigned randomly. Participants before and after training responded to Vineland Social Maturity Scale (1953) and Garz list (1994). Applied Behavior Analysis was taught to parents of children to use this method to increase self-help skills of their children. The intervention program was held for 10 half-hour sessions on experimental group. Univariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.
The results of covariance analysis showed there is significant difference in experimental group comparing to control group in self-help in children after intervention of applied behavior analysis to parents. (p Due to high stress parents of children with autism and low self-help of children with autism, training of applied behavior analysis program and strengthen communication skills is necessary. Results’ implications are discussed.

This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of group metacognitive therapy on the modification of dysfunctional attitudes in male addicts under methadone treatment.
The number of 30 participants was selected from among the clients referring to New Tarighat methadone treatment center in Tehran in 2014 by purposive sampling and they were then randomly divided into two groups, i.e. experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) ones. The participants responded to Weissman & Beck's Dysfunctional Attitude Scale before and after receiving Metacognitive intervention.
The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in dysfunctional attitudes in such a way that the experimental group received a lower mean score in dysfunctional attitudes.
It seems that this training can be effective in preventing drug use slips and mistakes in addicts given to concepts such as acceptance, awareness-raising, presence at the moment, observation without judgment, confrontation, and release.

Background and School phobia is one of the main problems of students. Since academic failure is more prevalent among students with learning disorder, school phobia is more common among these students. Present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of number concepts training using separate skimming in reducing school phobia among students with mathematics disorder. Present study was an experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design. Population consisted of all the second grade elementary students with learning disorder that were studying in Parnian Center in Yazd (N= 80). Sample consisted of 30 students that were selected using diagnostic interview and Raven Test, and then randomly assigned in experimental (N= 15) or control (N= 15) groups. Purposeful and random sampling methods were used respectively in the first and second stages of sampling. The experimental group received eight sessions of number concepts training using separate skimming (45-minuts per session). Data were collected using the questionnaire for diagnosing children with anxiety disorders (Brimaher et al, 1999), Iran Key Math Test (IKMT), and Raven Test. the results of one-way analysis of covariance showed a significant difference between the groups’ school phobia after training (p < 0.0001, F= 21.13). The results of current study indicated that number concepts training using separate skimming could significantly reduce school phobia among students with learning disorder.

One of the problems that cause parents frequently returned to the clinics is disability to learn mathematics. The aim of current study was to investigate relationship of Anxiety disorders with mathematical performance in children with mathematical learning disorders. Statistical population of this study was composed of students in region 2 of Tehran. were chosen 8 schools randomly and among them, students who were 1 / 5 unit of standard deviation lower than average in K – Mat test (kanoli, 1988) were chosen as students that have learning disorder (83 people). Participant responds to Birmaher’s stress disorder scale and researcher – built test of mathematical performance. The results showed that there is a significant negative correlation between anxiety disorders and mathematics performance. The results of the relationship between mathematics performance with panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, school phobia and social anxiety showed that students who have low math performance may be suffering from emotional problems. Based on the results, it seems that anxiety disorder as an important factor could have a negative impact on learning mathematics. It causes that the students who fear math especially at an early age, refuse to learn this lesson.

Mathematics is one of the essential and effective subjects that dominate students’ educational performance and occupational future.. The current study aimed to comparatively analyze the mathematical achievement, self-efficacy, and self-concept based on the perceived classroom climate among the male and female students..Patients and The study included 400 students (222 males and 178 females) as respondents from the third grade high school selected by cluster sampling technique considering educational regions, high schools, classrooms, and students. The participants answered the questions derived from three questionnaires, the so called WIHIC, mathematical self-efficacy, and mathematical self-concept description.. The results of route analysis indicated that mathematical self-efficacy rate was 8% and 7% among male and female students, respectively. The variance of mathematical self-concept based on the expressed perceived classroom climate was higher in female than male students (32% versus 26%). However, based on the internal variables in this model, the mathematics score was found to be higher among male than in female pupils (27% versus 13%).. The findings of the route analysis showed that these differences are adjustable by variables such as mathematical self-efficacy..

The current study is aimed at conducting Role of mathematical، self- efficacy، and mathematical- self concept and the perceived classroom Environmental mathematical achievement with controlling the Gender Role. The research method was non-experimen-tal (correlation). For this purpose، 400 students (222 male and 178female) as respondents from 3rd grade of high school by means of cluster sampling technique (educational regions، high schools، classrooms، and student) and they answered the questions derived from WIHIC questionnaire، mathematical self-efficacy inventory، and mathematical Self-concept Description Questionnaire. The results of hierarchical regression showed that with Controlling the Gender Role in the first step and entering variables of mathematical، self- efficacy، and mathematical- self concept and the perceived classroom Environment in the second step، education achievement is predictable; also، in second step with entering mathematics self-efficiency and self-concept variables، perceiving classroom environment became meaningless that showed self-efficiency and self-concept have interface role between classroom environment and education achievement. Since self-efficiency belief effects on selecting challengeable purposes، amount of effort in doing duties، amount of resistance and endeavor in confronting with problems and amount of bearing pressures، mathematic self-concept leads to confidence and motivation in mathematic learning via excitement and behavioral responses about mathematics value and methods of mathematic thinking and therefore mathematics achievement increases. However، self-concept and self-efficiency are influenced about classroom environment.