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Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are occupational injuries that have high prevalence and are major causes of disability in industrialized and developing countries. The aim of this study was evaluate exposure of musculoskeletal disorders risk factors by quick exposure check (QEC) technique and determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in a textile industry. Methods and Materials: 44 male workers in Stretch department of Tehran textile industry that were selected through census method were participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected using Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire (NMQ) and QEC (Quick Exposure Check) form. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, version 18. Results showed that the highest prevalence of MSDs in12-month past was in low back (47.9%) and then respectively in hand and wrist (27.8%), shoulder (22.9%) and neck (14.5%). The relationship between age and the prevalence of MSDs in neck and shoulder was significant (p<0.05). The relationship between BMI and MSDs in hand and wrist (p= 0.002) and low back (p= 0.04) was also significant. 80% of workers in this study in the low back, 89% in shoulder, 71% in the hand and wrist and 87.5% in the neck were at high risk of musculoskeletal disorders. based on the findings, risk level and prevalence of WMSDs in workers in this study were high. The evaluation results obtained from QEC according to the scores obtained for the whole body indicated that corrective actions in high levels of actions - done promptly -for some jobs in this industry was necessary.

Due to the elder’s growing population, as a result of birth control policy and increase in life expectancy in the world, elder’s quality of life deserves special attention. This study aim to investigate the health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults of Bojnourd, 2014. In this descriptive-analytical study, 200 older adults of Bojnurd city were selected through multi-stage random sampling. Date collection was carried out through “LEIPAD” quality of life questionnaire and demographic variables questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16. The mean age of the elders was 68.91 ± 7.89 years and the sample consisted of 55% male. Results indicated that mean of quality of life score in the sample was 44.14 ± 10.46 and factors such as age, gender, marital status, occupation and schooling are of significant relationship with quality of life. Findings showed that the elders, enjoyed good level of quality of life; However, social support and participation play an important role in promotion of elder’s health and quality of life.

According to the important role of nurses, it is required to apply proper learning techniques for education of theoretical and practical skills for nursing students. Therefore this study aimed to compare the effects of tow methods including lecture and multimedia learning in learning of fundamental of nursing in nursing students. This study was conducted on 50 nursing students of nursing faculty of Esfarayen-2012. Samples were randomly divided into two groups (lecture teaching methods and teaching multimedia groups) and were trained. They were examined before and after the intervention and another test (remember) were done after 4 weeks. Data were analyzed by SPSS18 statistical software. Pre-test mean scores were significantly different with post-test and remember stage in two educational groups(p<0/001). Post-test mean scores of two groups was not significantly different, but in remember stage Multimedia training group had better mean(p<0/05). Both methods had the effect on student learning, but the effect of multimedia training method was more enduring over time. our results showed multimedia education method has more lasting effects than lecture education method. It is hoped that this method is more widely implemented with other methods to training nursing students.

In vitro fertilization techniques are used for many years. In such methods, if feasible, it is always better to transform a high quality embryo into uterus to enhance the chance of the success. Therefore, a comprehensive research was conducted to identify important factors related to the embryo quality. We considered potential correlation between embryos derived from an infertile couple in our statistical analyses. In addition, possible nonlinear relationships between the factors and the embryo quality were investigated. In this study, after collecting the necessary information, the statistical method of generalized additive models (GAM) has been employed to determine any nonlinear relationship between quantitative exploratory variables and the response. Then, the results were used to analyze the data using the Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) technique. Such model can handle correlation which may present among infertile couple embryos. Finally, important factors related to the embryo quality of in-vitro fertilization by intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection methods were identified. Based on results of the GEE, linear relationships of drugs, type of infertility, and polycystic ovary syndrome was statistically significant on embryo quality. Interestingly, after examining the nonlinear relationships with GAM, in addition to the above variables, smoking status, sperm motility, and uterine factor were also shown to be significant. Since observations on a single subject in fertilization techniques are correlated and the relationship between factors and outcomes of fertilization may not be linear, the usual methods of GAM should incorporate the potential intra-cluster correlation using models such as the GEE. Our results suggest significant effects of tobacco use, drugs, polycystic ovarian syndrome, type of infertility, and sperm motility on the embryo quality. Sperm motility has non-linear effect on embryo quality resulting from in vitro fertilization and improved the overall model fit.

Numbers of older people rapidly increase. Therefore it is important to the health of the elderly. Social capital by providing emotional and mental supports plays an effective role in promoting mental health in older people. So this study examines the factors affecting mental health and its relationship with social capital in the older people of Tehran 9 district. This study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in Tehran 9 district on the older people over 60 years in 2011. 320 participants in this study were selected by multistage random sampling. To assess mental, health General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and to assess social capital, Urban HEART Questionnaire were used. To determine components of social capital, used from exploratory factor analysis. factor analysis determined three factors include individual trust, social cohesion–support and social cohesion-support. That these three components, explained 68.1 percent of the total variance of social capital. There was relationship between mental health and individual trust and social cohesion and support. But there was not relationship between mental health and social trust and collective relations. Whatever the social capital is more, mental health is also better. On the other hand individuals with better mental health, qualified to social responsibility and role in society. This shows that there is a mutual relationship between mental health and social capital. So the promotion each of them can effect on other.

To report a case of unilateral Aspergillus fumigatus interface keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).Case Report: A 22-year-old woman developed corneal infiltrates located at the flap- stroma interface in her left eye 48 hours after myopic LASIK. The infiltration progressed despite administration of topical fortified antibiotics therefore, the flap was lifted and irrigated with antibiotic solution. Six days after LASIK, visual acuity was counting fingers at 30 cm and a large full-thickness corneal infiltrate was located at the flap-stroma interface. On scanning confocal microscopy, fungal hyphae were observed as high-contrast filaments. The LASIK flap was amputated. Corneal scraping revealed fungal filaments in smears and culture. The fungus was identified as Aspergillus fumigatus. Fortified antibiotic drops were discontinued and intensive topical natamycin and systemic ketoconazole were initiated which controlled the keratitis. Two months after surgery the eye was quiet and vision improved to 20/200. Interface fungal infection after LASIK is a potentially vision-threatening complication. Early lifting of the flap, fungal culture and aggressive antifungal treatment are required to treat this complication. Confocal microscopy may be a fast and safe diagnostic tool in determining the presence of fungal hyphae in vivo within the human cornea.