simin arami

A Story especially in didactic genre, in short and brief format, away from the extra Mise-en-scène and taken from the text of life, is the best component for introducing the temperament of the literary work creator and the most effective way to prescribe moral norms .                             . In the speech and behavior of the heroes of his stories, Nizami has depicted the nature and identity of an ideal human being. This feature of Nizami's works has caused the moral behavior of fictional characters to be analyzed based on one of the selected and elite contemporary moral theories of the West and the degree of conformity with its stages and levels to be evaluated. Considering the innate nature of human beings, it seems that moral issues have some common elements among human cultures and societies. But sometimes, the multiplicity of moral theories causes the moral codes to have different addresses among different nations. Research in ethical theories based on one of the richest Iranian and Islamic cultural heritages can confirm the superiority of one of these two assumptions. In this article, the moral behavior of the system people is analyzed for the first time in the framework of a scientific theory. The main goal of this research is to apply Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development in the behavior of allegorical characters of Layla and Majnun poem and to answer the question of whether the moral degrees of the people in the story can be interpreted and analyzed with the theory of Kohlberg's stages of moral development. As a result of this research, nine ethical codes have been identified. that each of these codes includes several actions and implies a specific motivation and reasoning, and gives the highest status of Kohlberg's moral development to the morals of the characters in the story. This research has been compiled by the method of content analysis and description with reference to library sources based on the study of publications and books, and despite the researchers' attention to ethical issues in Layla and Majnun r, it is a completely new research and has no objective background  .

Allegorical stories are an effective tool in changing the emotional and intellectual state of the audience and they affect the layers of human existence and cause another perception. In the meantime, an ethical approach to allegory is a purposeful movement that Nizami Ganjai has discussed in, his precious Masnavi, Makhzan al-Asrar. In the speech and behavior of the heroes of his stories, Nizami has depicted the nature and identity of an ideal human being. This feature of Nizami's works has caused the moral behavior of fictional characters to be analyzed based on one of the selected and elite contemporary moral theories of the West and the degree of conformity with its stages and levels to be evaluated. Considering the innate nature of human beings, it seems that moral issues have some common elements among human cultures and societies. But sometimes, the multiplicity of moral theories causes the moral codes to have different addresses among different nations. Research in ethical theories based on one of the richest Iranian and Islamic cultural heritages can confirm the superiority of one of these two assumptions. In this article, the moral behavior of the system people is analyzed for the first time in the framework of a scientific theory.

Analysis of behaviors of Khosrow and Shirin Nezami characters based on Kleberg's theory of moral development Even though the main point of Nizami s Khosrow & Shirin of is not ethics and morality, the morality issue is a unique feature of characters behaviors in his poems. Because in the dilemma of relationships and sometimes beyond the authority of love, ethics and morality get stuck in unconventional situations. In terms of the ethics and morality, Nizami’s works of literature have been studied before. Yet In this study, ethical behavior of characters of the poem and their morality is analyzed according to a scientific theory. Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development is one of the psychological and cognitive approaches to the ethics and morality and various studies have been done according to this approach. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the behaviors of characters of Khosrow and Shirin according to the moral stages of Lawrence Kohlberg. This approach has not been used in Panj Ganj before. According to our results, regarding the behavior of characters, six group or six main ethical components were identified. Each of these components include various behaviors. Each behavior is due to specific motivation or logic which is also describable by Kohlberg’s theory