فهرست مطالب simin hoseinian

Phototherapy, the use of photos in a therapeutic setting under the supervision of a trained therapist, is as an effective method for reducing psychological problems. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of phototherapy on depression and anxiety in divorced women. This study employed single-case experimental design with multiple baseline phases. The statistical population included all divorced women in Tehran who were active on instagram and responded to the research call in 2021. The sampling method was convenience and purposive and four participants were selected based on inclusion criteria. The research instruments included the Lovibond and Lovibond Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and the five main phototherapy techniques by Weiser. Participants took part in multiple baseline stage, five intervention sessions, and three follow-up sessions. Data were analyzed by visuals inspection, improvement percentage, reliable change index strategies, effect size and mixed regression analysis. The results showed that phototherapy has significant effect on reducing depression and anxiety in divorced women. Therefore, phototherapy can be utilized as a novel and effective intervention method for addressing depression and anxiety in divorced women, by therapists and counselors.

The present study aimed to study the predicting model of borderline personality based on complex trauma and object relation with mediating role of ego strength in conflicting couples. Method was descriptive-correlational. Population was all refereeing couples to counseling and psychological clinics in 2021 in Tehran. Using multi cluster sampling and cutting point >75 in MCMI-3, 205 participants with borderline and inclusion criteria were selected and completed the questionnaires of Markstorm and et al, s (1997) PIES, Milon-3, s (1997) MCMI-3, Bell's (1995) BORI, Borneshtian & et al, s (2003) CTQ. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and SEM. There is a positive and significant relationship between trauma and borderline and there is a negative and significant relationship between ego strength and borderline (p<0.01). The results of SEM showed that the prediction Model of borderline based on complex trauma and object relation with mediating role of ego strength is fit (p<0.01). Ego strength effect on borderline through moderating object relation and effacing the dimension of cognitive and emotional of childhood trauma. Therefore, it was suggested, pay attention to trauma, object relation in etiology and therapy of borderline, and promote ego strength by training and counseling.

This study aimed to model the relationship between Cognitive Flexibility and Self-Differentiation with Successful Marriage by considering the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation.

This study was a descriptive correlational study of structural equations. The statistical population of the study was married men and women in Tehran. Using the available sampling method, 635 people from the statistical population of the study in the period of summer (1398) to summer (1399) were selected. To collect the data for this study, Hudson Successful Marriage Index Questionnaire(1992), Garnefski, Critch, and Spinhaven Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(2001), Skowron and Friedlander Self-Differentiation Questionnaire(2003) were used.

The results showed that the predictor variables of cognitive flexibility with a correlation coefficient of 0.45 and self-differentiation with a correlation coefficient of 0.26 are related to the criterion of successful marriage at a 99% confidence level (P<0. 01). Cognitive emotion regulation also plays a minor mediating role in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and self-differentiation with a 95% confidence level.

Therefore, in premarital counseling and enriching couples' relationships, the role of training cognitive emotion regulation skills as well as cognitive flexibility and self-differentiation is very important and requires more attention from counselors and stakeholders.

The aim of this study was to explain the lived experience of divorced women with unexpected divorces.

The present study, with a qualitative approach based on contextual theory and semi-structured and problem-oriented interview techniques, has investigated and identified the process of occurrence of unexpected divorces. The statistical population of this study was women with unexpected and unilateral divorce living in Tehran. Seven women who experienced unexpected divorce were selected by purposive sampling method. These individuals were examined in depth using semi-structured interviews; The foundation data approach was used to explain and analyze the data.

After analyzing the data, the interview with divorced women and its analysis led to the identification of 162 primary codes, 11 sub-themes and 4 main themes. The main theme of marriage is a lifelong commitment. Two sub-themes include believing in the continuity and stability of marriage and believing in having a good life but facing the worst. The second main theme, relationship changes from best friend to complete stranger, also included five sub-themes of sudden and unexpected ending, duality of messages and psychological games, breaking of hypotheses, betrayal and the role of the main family, and divorce in participants' divorces. Participants' emotional processes to unexpected divorce as their third main theme had two sub-themes of emotional reactions to leaving and the harms of unexpected divorce, and the fourth and last main theme was reconstruction of life and coping with divorce, which were two sub-themes of efficient methods of coping with divorce. Inefficient methods of coping with divorce were included.

The experience of divorce in women means being under the umbrella of individual and social vulnerabilities and the occurrence of various consequences that lead them to take advantage of protection mechanisms such as religion, secrecy and trying to adapt.

Marriage is a critical stage in life that facilitates identification. Various components such as self-differentiation or cognitive emotion regulation affect marriage. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between successful marriage and self-differentiation by considering the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. This study was a descriptive correlational study of structural equations. The statistical population of the study was married men and women in Tehran that 635 people were selected using cluster and available sampling methods the cluster sampling method in the period of summer (2019) to summer (2020). To collect the data of this study, Hudson Successful Marriage Index Questionnaire(1992), Garnefski, Critch and Spinhaven Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(2001), Skowron and Friedlander Self-Differentiation Questionnaire(2003) were used. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed in two descriptive and inferential sections using statistical tests and the structural equation approach by SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that the independent variables of self-differentiation is related to the cognitive regulation of emotion and successful marriage (P> 0.001) , and emotion regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between self-differentiation with a successful marriage. Since cognitive emotion regulation skills are one of the most effective individual factors in a successful marriage and family stability, Therefore, the role of training these strategies as well as self-differentiation is very important and requires more attention from counselors and stakeholders.

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive rehabilitation for stress reduction in hard of hearing adolescent girls. In a randomized clinical trial, 24 hard of hearing adolescent girls were randomly assigned to either the intervention or the control group. The intervention group received the mindfulness cognitive rehabilitation intervention over 12 weeks, one session per week. This is while the control group did not receive any intervention. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were completed by adolescent girls to evaluate their stress levels during the baseline, pre-test, post-test, and follow-up periods of the intervention. A repeated-measure, analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated that the mean levels of stress in the intervention group decreased after the mindfulness training. Also, the analysis revealed that the mean levels of stress between the intervention group and the control group were significantly different (p<0.01). The findings demonstrated that mindfulness intervention could alleviate the stress of hard of hearing adolescent girls.

Aggression is common in adolescents and one of the psychological characteristics of adolescents is an increase in the tendency to aggressive behaviors and aggressive adolescents usually have problems in social adjustment. Therefore, present research conducted aimed to investigate the effectiveness and sustainability of creative drama on social adjustment of aggressive gifted adolescents. This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and one month follow-up study and a control group. The research population was aggressive gifted adolescents in talented girls' schools in the second district of Tehran city during the academic years of 2019-20. Considering the inclusion criteria 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 12 two-hour sessions weekly in the creative drama program and the control group did not receive any training. The data were collected in the pretest, posttest and one month follow-up stages by aggression questionnaire (Bass and Perry, 1992) and the social adjustment subscale in the California test personality (Tiegs and et al, 1953). The data were analyzed by chi-square, repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test in SP-19SS software in the significant level of 0.05. The results showed that the experimental and control groups did not significant difference in terms of course of study and age (P>0.05). Also, the creative drama method led to increase social adjustment in aggressive gifted adolescents and the results remained stable in the follow-up phase (p < 0.001). According to the results, counselors and psychologists can use the creative drama method along with other methods to improve the psychological characteristics of adolescents, especially their social adjustment.

The aim of this study was to compare the treatment of mindfulness and cognitive rehabilitation on craving and emotion dysregulation in drug users in Tehran.

This study was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study was substance abusers referred to specialized clinics for the treatment of substance abuse in Tehran. A total of 47 people from this population were randomly assigned into two experimental groups (mindfulness group = 16 people and cognitive rehabilitation group = 15 people) and a control group (n=16) as the study sample. One experimental group received 8 sessions of mindfulness therapy and the other experimental group received 12 sessions of cognitive rehabilitation. Groups were assessed by the craving scale and the difficulty in emotion regulation scale. Data were analyzed using repeated measures mixed-analysis of variance.

The results showed that mindfulness and cognitive rehabilitation significantly reduced emotion dysregulation and craving in the two experimental groups and mindfulness was more effective in reducing craving.

Therapy based on mindfulness and cognitive rehabilitation can be appropriate therapeutic interventions for the recovery of drug-dependent people by reducing consumption temptation and difficulty in regulating emotion.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of creative drama on cognitive emotion regulation of aggressive gifted adolescents.

In this quasi-experimental study, pre-test-post-test and follow-up design were used. The statistical population of this study consisted of all gifted adolescent girls who are studying in talented schools in Tehran. Sampling method In this study, sampling was available. The number of samples was 30 (15 in the control group and 15 in the experimental group). First, the Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (1992) and the Garnfsky Emotion Cognition Regulation (2001) were completed. Adolescents were then randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in a creative demonstration program for 12 sessions. At the end of the twelfth session, and 1 month after (to evaluate the durability of the treatment program). The questionnaires were completed again by the subjects of both groups. In order to analyze the data, repeated measures analysis of variance was used.

The results showed that the cognitive emotion regulation of the experimental group increased significantly (p <0.01) after the intervention compared to the control group.

Creative drama therapy program seems to be a good intervention method to improve cognitive emotion regulation, so this program can be used to promote the health of aggressive gifted adolescents.

This study was done to compare communication patterns, emotion expression styles and intimacy among betrayed and normal women (non-betrayed).
The research method was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population consisted of all betrayed and normal women of Tehran in 2018. Among the betrayed women, 65 subjects and among the normal women, also 65 subjects were selected by purposive sampling..Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ), Emotional Expression Questionnaire (EEQ), Ambiguity over Emotional Expression Questionnaire (AEEQ) and Marital Intimacy Scale (MIS) were used for gathering data. The data were analyzed by MANOVA and SPSS-22 software.
The findings showed that there was a significant difference between betrayed and normal women in communication patterns, some of emotion expression styles and intimacy. Accordingly, it can be concluded that betrayed women mainly use dysfunctional communication patterns in their marriage, positive emotions expression are not addressed properly and that the intimacy in their marriage is weak.
The results of this study can be used in psycho-education and marital counseling.

Gifted adolescents usually present high performance in creative, intelligent, and academic activities; sometimes, the educational environment cannot provide for their needs, resulting in their increased tendency to aggressive behaviors. Aggression results in biopsychological harm to others. It is caused by problems in cognition, or Emotion Regulation (ER), and perfectionism. ER refers to the process of the regulation of emotions by cognitive strategies with includes positive and negative ER strategies. Perfectionism is a multidimensional structure that includes the extreme belief in achieving high criteria and standards. Perfectionists express unrealistic expectations. These expectations are other– or community–oriented. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects and sustainability of creative drama on ER and perfectionism in aggressive gifted adolescent females.

This was a quasi–experimental study with pretest–posttest, one–month follow–up, and a control group design. The research population was aggressive gifted adolescent females in talented schools in the second district of Tehran City, Iran, in the academic year of 2019–2020. Considering the inclusion criteria, 30 eligible volunteers were entered into the study by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (n=15/group). The inclusion criteria included an Intelligent Quotient (IQ) of above 130 based on Stanford–Binet Intelligence Test, i.e., documented in the students’ educational records, obtaining a higher score of 78 in the Aggression Questionnaire (Buss and Perry, 1992), living with the parents, no receipt of psychological services in the last 3 months, and no history of creative drama education. The exclusion criteria included reluctance to participate in the study and absence from more than 2 treatment sessions. The experimental group participated in 12 two–hour group weekly sessions of the creative drama program (3 months); however, the controls received no training. The creative drama program was prepared by researchers based on the Creative Drama in the Classroom and Beyond book (2011). The following questionnaires were applied at the pretest, posttest, and follow–up stages: Aggression Questionnaire (Buss and Perry, 1992), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski et al., 2001), and Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Besharat, 2008). The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS at a significance level of 0.05. At the descriptive level, the indicators of mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage were used. At the inferential level, the Chi–squared test, repeated–measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Bonferroni post hoc test were employed.

The current research results revealed the significant effect of the group on positive ER strategies (p=0.021) and negative ER strategies (p=0.019), as well as self–centered (p=0.033), other–centered (p=0.002), and community–oriented perfectionisms (p=0.002). The effect of time and the effect of time*group was significant on positive ER strategies (p<0.001) and negative ER strategies (p<0.001), as well as self–centered (p<0.001), other–centered (p<0.001), and community–oriented perfectionisms (p<0.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of pretest, posttest, and follow–up concerning positive ER strategies (p<0.001) and negative ER strategies (p<0.001), as well as self–centered (p<0.001), other–centered (p<0.001), and community–oriented perfectionisms (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the mean posttest and follow–up scores respecting positive ER strategies (p=1.000) and negative ER strategies (p=1.000), as well as self–centered (p=1.000), other–centered (p=1.000), and community–oriented perfectionisms (p=1.000).

The current study results indicated the effectiveness and sustainability of creative drama on improving ER and perfectionism among aggressive gifted adolescent females. Thus, counselors and psychologists can use the creative drama method along with other approaches to improve psychological characteristics in adolescent females.

The purpose of the present study was to study the tolerance and respect for the thoughts of others and ethics and literacy in the school environment for the elementary students of the city of Ardabil. In terms of data base, it has a mixed research design, which was done using a mixed model and exploration design. To achieve this goal, a case study was used which first quantitative data were collected and then quantitative data were collected and analyzed based on its findings. In the next stage, based on the findings of the qualitative research, a questionnaire was prepared, which was Cronbach's alpha of 0.90. The statistical population of the study was Ardebil elementary school teachers during 2018-2019 academic years who were interviewed in the qualitative section through purposeful sampling of 13 teachers up to saturation. From a population of 253, 114 were selected through simple random sampling. In the qualitative section and using a targeted sampling, 13 sample teachers were interviewed. Of the 253 community members, 114 individuals were selected in a quantitative phase by simple random sampling. To analyze the data, the thematic analysis (theme) technique was used and the validity of the research findings was guaranteed using the methods reviewed by the members, peer review, participatory research. Also, to test the reliability of the coding, the open-ended and inter-subject agreement methods were used. In order to analyze the quantitative data, structural e

Given the important role of counselors and psychologists in promoting psychological health in society, the compliance of professional ethics in these occupations is of particular importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting professional ethics in counselors and psychologists.

The research method was correlational using structural equation modeling method. The sample consisted of 400 counselors and psychologists who were selected online through social media. The instruments used were professional ethic (Cadozier, 2002), General Self-efficacy scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995), Flourishing scale (Diener, 2010) and Social desirability scale (Marlowe & Crowne, 1998). Data analysis was performed by statistical methods of Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling using SPSS 24 and AMOS 24 software.

The results of structural equation modeling showed that the model of relationships between self-efficacy, flourishing and professional ethics has a good fit and flourishing and self-efficacy can explain 62% of professional ethics (P<0.001). According to the results, higher levels of self-efficacy and flourishing predict a higher level of professional ethics, as well as social desirability in this regard played a moderating role in model. The role of gender, marriage, education, field of study and years of work in modifying this relationship was not confirmed. Ethical Considerations: The aims of the study and the confidentiality of information were explained to the participants and informed and voluntary consent was obtained in writing.

This study showed that Flourishing and self-efficacy have an effective role in the professional ethics of counselors and psychologists and in order to promote the professional ethics of counselors and psychologists along with professional ethics education, these factors should be considered.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the Prevention and Relationship Enhancement Program based on Gottman & Glaser's integrated approach to love, respect and marital Intimacy. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and control group. The statistical population included all couples referring to health centers in Yazd(127 couples), of which 14 couples (28 persons) were voluntarily selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups and control group. The research tools consisted of Gottman Love and Respect Scale (GLRS) and Walker & Thompson Intimacy (WTI), which were administered in two stages of pre-test and post-test. Independent variable in nine 120- minute sessions were carried out. Data were analyzed using Mancova multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that the program of Prevention and Relationship Enhancement Program based on Gottman & Glaser's integrated approach , was significantly effective in improving the love, respect and Intimacy of couples (p <0.005). Therefore, the use of this program as a preventive approach to couple problems is suggested.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mindfulness education on psychological hardiness and rumination in mothers with students with specific learning disabilities.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-posttest and follow-up with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all mothers of students with specific learning disabilities of roshd of Tarom in the academic year of 2018-19. A sample of 20 mothers was selected through available sampling and randomly divided into two groups of experimental (10) and control (10). The experimental group participated in 8 sessions (1 week session, 120 minutes each session), while the control group did not attend these sessions. For data collection, Ahwaz hardiness questionnaire (1998) and the style of rumination responses of Nolenkussima and Moro (2008) were used. Data were analyzed using repeated analysis of variance and software spss 25.

The results of this study showed that mindfulness education led to a significant increase in psychological hardiness and its components (p≥0.05) and decreased mental rumination among mothers of students with specific learning disabilities (p≥0.05).

According to the findings of this study, the use of mindfulness education to promote psychological hardiness and reduction the mental rumination of mothers with specific learning disabilities with the aim of their psychosomatic immunization is suggested.

The purpose of this research was to examine the efficacy of solution- focused narrative couple therpay and brief self- regulation couple therapy on liveliness and affectons control of couples. The research method was uasi-experimental with Pretest , Posttest and cotrol group. The statistical society consisted of the clients of the centers: kimia, besharat, tamasha and tohid of Isfahan city in 1396 who referred to these centers due to communication and marital problems. Among them, 24 couples (48 persons) were selected through available sampling from among couples. Then, 8 couples (16 persons) were randomly assigned to three groups and the couples of the experimental groups were paired separatly every week solution focused- narrative couple therpay (8 weeks) and brief self- regulation couple therapy (8weeks).). The subjects' data were collected by the scales of affections control of Williams & Chambles (1997) and liveliness of Deci & Ryan (1997). Results of covariance analysis indicated that the differences among the groups were significant. Results of BENFERONY follow-up test indicated that there is not a significant difference betwen the solution-focused narrative couple therapy and the brief self- regulation couple therapy to increase the liveliness and affections control of couples and its sub-scales (anger, positive affection, depressed mood and anxiety). The results indicated that the solution- focused narrative couple therapy and the brief self- regulation couple therapy were effective in increasing of liveliness and affections control of couples.

Foreign language class anxiety is one of the most important emotional elements in language learning. Experiencing the emotions that occur frequently throughout the classroom shapes the process of learning a foreign language. Foreign language anxiety affects the level of English language learning success, so high levels of anxiety can play a deterrent role for learners in the language acquisition device. Foreign language anxiety is influenced by factors such as learners, instructors, and teaching practice, and occurs when students have several negative experiences in foreign language contexts. Six potential reasons for foreign language anxiety are involved in language learners' learning, including individual and interpersonal factors, learner's beliefs about language learning, teacher's beliefs about language teaching, the interaction between learner and teacher, classroom methods, and language tests. Learning a foreign language is influenced by a variety of factors. The tool by which a foreign language is learned, and limitations such as the lack of a social environment, the skill limitation of a foreign language, the classroom atmosphere, and the anxiety of learners, put it in front of the first language, which is usually effortless and spontaneous. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of social avoidance and distress, academic motivation and academic self-efficacy as variables predicting anxiety in foreign language classroom anxiety. The present study is based on the goals of descriptive research and in terms of data analysis method of correlation studies. The statistical population of the study included all students studying at Urmia University, which includes 16,750 students. Sampling was performed by multi-stage clustering. At first, among the faculties of Urmia University, according to the extensive volume of the research community and observing the principle of saving, the multi-stage sampling method should be used. Accordingly, in the first stage, three faculties of Economics and Management, Literature and Humanities, Technical and Engineering were randomly selected from different faculties, and then two faculties of Mechanics and Mining, Persian Literature and History and Economics and Business Management were randomly selected from each faculty. Were selected. At this stage, after each session, randomly and independently from the male and female students, a class was randomly selected and the subjects were examined. The criteria for entering the study in each group included at least two semesters of study so that in the current semester they have chosen the English language unit and are taking an English language course. The first language of these students was Persian, Turkish and Kurdish. Finally, 223 undergraduate students were selected, and after ensuring that the English language course was chosen in the current semester, the research questionnaires were provided to the students. The following tools were used to collect information. The following measures were used to collect data. They were then analyzed using SPSS version 22 using statistical methods of Pearson correlation and stepwise regression. The measures in this research include the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety (FLCA) Questionnaire, Watson and Friend's Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SAD), Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES), and Academic Motivation Scale (AMS). The study involved 223 people, three of whom were excluded from the analysis, so the data of 148 women and 72 men were analyzed. The age range of students was 18 to 32 years, with a mean of 19.84 years and a standard deviation of 2.19. To determine the share of distress and social avoidance variables with a mean of 6.69 and standard deviation of 4.62, academic motivation including internal motivation with a mean of 56.22 and standard deviation of 12.84, external motivation with a mean of 62.15 and standard deviation of 14.60 And motivation with a mean of 9.12 and standard deviation of 5.17, as well as academic self-efficacy with a mean of 29.51 and standard deviation of 6.72, in predicting foreign language class anxiety with a mean of 1.06 and standard deviation of 23.70 of correlation statistical methods. Pearson and step-by-step regression analysis were used with SPSS statistical software version 22, the results of which are presented below. The results indicated that the correlations between social avoidance and distress and academic self-efficacy with foreign language anxiety were 0.36 and 0.32, respectively. Among the variables, social avoidance and distress and academic self-efficacy can predict the variance of English language class anxiety. Also, the share of predictor variables of distress and social avoidance and also self-efficacy in explanation of English language classroom anxiety were 0.134 and 0.108 respectively. In this research, the academic motivation variable did not get any explicit contribution. The research findings suggest a relationship model with self-efficacy, social avoidance, and distress that affects the anxiety of the foreign language class. When self-efficacy is low, there is a risk of negative self-assessment, often accompanied by concerns about the consequences of performance on the exam or concerns about exam anxiety, which can cause physiological-emotional arousal during class or exam, and vice versa when students Assess the ability to perform a variety of educational tasks and advance the goals they have set for themselves. They are successful in controlling anxiety states in the face of test anxiety and communication comprehension and fear of negative evaluation by others. Self-efficacy helps organize the mental space and can predict changes in language class anxiety. Research has shown that more encouragement and training opportunities by the instructor can help the student's self-efficacy and reduce language class anxiety levels, thus creating a negative relationship between self-efficacy and anxiety, which is consistent with the study's findings. Foreign language classroom anxiety is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon, and its study requires consideration of various environmental and internal dimensions. Given that distress and social avoidance, as well as self-efficacy, were able to explain changes in language class anxiety, it is suggested that the manifestation of foreign language classroom anxiety, students' performance and their scores on foreign language exams must be evaluated.

The juvenile correction and rehabilitation center is a place for reforming and rehabilitating juvenile adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of mindfulness-based training on aggression and empathy of adolescents at the juvenile correction and rehabilitation center in Tehran. The research was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and the control group. The statistical population of the study was all of the adolescents in the juvenile correction and rehabilitation center in Tehran. In this research sampling method was convenience sampling method (availability sampling). In this regard, two groups of 16 were selected for each experimental and control. At the implementation stage, 4 participants from the experimental group and 4 from the control group were excluded. Finally, sample of 24 adolescents was randomly assigned into experimental and control groups and responded to the Batson Empathy Questionnaire and Buss and Warren’s aggression questionnaire. The experimental group received a 90-minute session for 8 sessions and a weekly 90-minute session, and no training was taken in the control group. Multivariate covariance and variance analysis was used for data analysis. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups of experimental and control after the implementation of mindfulness-based training in terms of empathy and aggression components. Mindfulness-based therapy led to empathy promotion and reduction of aggression components in adolescents at the juvenile correction and rehabilitation center.

This research was aimed to compare effectiveness of psychological education based on MacMaster and Olson model on enhancing family coherence of women teachers. The methodology was semi experimental with pre-posttest and following plan. Statistical Society composes of 550 married women teachers of the Khoramdareh city during 2017-2018 educational year. Statistical sample composed of 45 teachers with lower score in questionnaire of family coherence (Olsen, 1999) that randomly divided in test group 1 test group 2, and a control group that each group composes of 15 teachers. Test groups participated in training sessions and the control group did not receive any specific interventions. After training sessions, posttest implemented for all groups. Collected data analyzed by multivariate analyze (mixed). Results revealed that psychological education based on MacMaster and Olson method is effective in enhancing family coherence of women teachers and this effectiveness was lasting (P < 0.001). Results also showed that effectiveness of these two trainings in are not different. Therefore, it can be concluded that for enhancing family coherence of women teachers, it is useful to use psychological education based on MacMaster and Olson method. Keywords: MacMaster Model, Olson model, family coherence

Drug addiction is one of the most important health issues due to the difficulty of achieving sustainable treatment and the presence of high relapse rates despite detoxification and psychological interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of neurofeedback in the rate of craving and attentional bias to drug-related stimulants among substance abusers. A quasi-experimental research design with random assignment in experimental and control groups with pre-test and post-test was employed in this study. A total of 40 opiate-dependent patients who had presented to methadone treatment centers were selected as participants through random sampling. After responding to Desires for Drug Questionnaire (DDQ) and Stroop Selective Attention Test, the participants were randomly assigned to two groups, namely experimental group (20 subjects) and control group (20 subjects). Neurofeedback treatment sessions consisted of 20 sessions where each session lasted 30 minutes. Then both groups responded to the above questionnaires again. Data analysis was conducted by running covariance analysis and it was shown that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding the amount of craving and attentional bias in the post-test phase. According to the current research findings, it seems that neurofeedback can reduce the rate of craving and attentional bias to substance symptoms among substance abusers. Therefore, it is recommended that therapists use neurofeedback as an intervention method for the treatment of addicts.

Diabetes can affect the patient`s regularity of life and it`s results Has an important psychological consequences such as altarnation of life attitude and spiritual well being. The aim of current research is to investigate the effectiveness of existential group counselling in life attitude and spiritual well being of patients with type 2 diabetes.

In this study 24 members of patients whith type 2 dibetes who were the members of Guilan Diabetes Association were selected randomly and were categorized in control and exprimental groups ( N= 12 per group). Both groups were pretested. The exprimental group participated in 8 sessions of goroup counseling based on existential approach and control group received no intervention. Finally, the post-test was performed; the data analyzed using analysis of convariance.

The result show that there are significant diffrences between the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group and Existential Psychotherapy could significantly change the life attitude and increase spiritual well being patients with type 2 diabetes ( P<0/01).

The result show that Existential Psychotherapy group counseling can change the life attitude and increase spiritual well being patientes with type 2 diabetes. Thus interventions based on this approch lead to increase mental health.

The aim of this study was to compar marital commitment and sexual satisfaction among married women Spectater and not- Spectater Persian-language satellite series The method of this study was causal-comparative and statical population includes all the married women in Khomein city. Samples selected through snowball sampling method. The samples consisted of 50 married women Spectater Persian-language satellite serials and 50 married women non- Spectater Persian-language satellite series. Instruments were marital commitment questioner (Adams and Jones), Sexual satisfaction questioner (Hudson, Harrison and Krvskap). Data were analyzed using independent t-test. The results showed that the marital commitment of 1 group is less than 2 group. Average personal commitment and moral commitment significantly of 1 group was more than 2 group, But the commitment of structural differences between the two groups was not observed. The significant difference between the two groups in sexual satisfaction were not observed. Therefore, it is nececery to increasing family awareness about effects of these pograms and be promoted sensitivity threshold against therates that are in these series.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of differentiation, meaningful life and forgiveness in predicting marital disaffection in the married female students of Islamic Azad University of Dezful. The research sample consisted of 256 married women that were randomly selected using random numbers table. The research was descriptive and correlational. The instruments of this study were Kayser’s Marital Disaffection Scale(1993) ,  Skowron’s Differentiation of Self Inventory—Revised,  Batista and Almond(1973 Life- Regard Index(LRI) and Rye’s Forgiveness Questionnaire (2001). In order to analyze the data; correlation coefficient and multiple regression were implemented. The results showed that the correlation coefficients of differentiation, life meaningful and forgiveness with marital disaffection were negatively significant. In conclusion, the results showed that differentiation, life meaningful and forgiveness played significant role in explaining and predicting the variance of marital disaffection.

Increasing the level of marital burnout gradually led to involvement of the couples in a stressful and frustrating relationship and eventually leads to weaken the marriage. This study was administered aimed to the comparison of the effect of couple's participation in psycho-educational sessions of schema therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on marital burnout. The study was quasi experimental with the pretest-posttest design of three groups. The statistical population consisted of all of involved couples in marital conflict that referred to the regions of 1-5 of Tehran's counseling centers, in 2016 that among them 120 subjects were selected using convenient sampling method. Then, 48 subjects (24 husband and wife) with the almost higher level in Pine's Marital Burnout Inventory (1996) were assigned randomly into three groups with 16 subjects (8 couples), two experimental groups, and one control group. The couples of experimental groups participated separately in 12 weekly sessions of 90 minutes of study's interventions and in this period, the control group stayed in waiting list. In all stages, the Pine's Marital Burnout Inventory (1996) was the research instrument for data gathering. The results of covariance analysis indicated that the differences among the groups were significant (F= 200/77, p

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of couples’ communication patterns in predicting their level of sexual satisfaction. It was a correlational study. The statistical population consisted married men and women living in Qom city in 2015. The sample was formed by 280 individuals (N=140 men, N=140 women) selected via accessible sampling method. Used tools included Communication Pattern Questionnaire and Index of Sexual Satisfaction. The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis.The results showed that mutual constructive communication pattern was positively, and mutual avoidant communication pattern was negatively correlated with couples’ level of sexual satisfaction (p≤0/001) .In other words, according to finding of regression analysis, mutual constructive communication pattern could positively predict level of sexual satisfaction while mutual avoidant communication pattern could predict it negatively. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of couples’ communication patterns in predicting their level of sexual satisfaction. It was a correlational study. The statistical population consisted married men and women living in Qom city in 2015. The sample was formed by 280 individuals (N=140 men, N=140 women) selected via accessible sampling method. Used tools included Communication Pattern Questionnaire and Index of Sexual Satisfaction. The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis.The results showed that mutual constructive communication pattern was positively, and mutual avoidant communication pattern was negatively correlated with couples’ level of sexual satisfaction (p≤0/001).