simin khayat zadeh

Adverse events of COVID-19 Vaccination in children are somewhat unknown, and limited population-based studies have been carried out in this age group. This study aims to determine the short-term Sinopharm and Soberana (PastoCoVac) vaccination adverse events in 5- to 12-year-old children. This study is an observational study with a control group. The cluster sampling method by considering health care centers and mass vaccination centers of Tabriz as clusters were used to recruit the study samples with a ratio of 2:1 for the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, respectively. Information was collected by telephone calls and interviews with their parents. Data were analyzed by using a mixed-effect logistic regression model. In this study, 577 (63.2%) vaccinated and 336 (36.8%) unvaccinated children were investigated. Results demonstrated that the most frequent complication among vaccinated children was injection site pain (399 (69.2%, CI 95%: 65.2% to 72.9%)). The most frequently reported systemic adverse events among vaccinated versus unvaccinated children were fever (9.0% vs. 3.6% (0.003)), fatigue (5.5% vs. 0.9% (0.002)), and headache (2.9% vs. 0.6% (0.032)). No serious adverse events including myocarditis, multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS), and hospitalization were reported. The odds of having any symptoms in the vaccinated group adjusted for confounders were significantly higher than in the control group (adjusted OR=4.71, CI 95%: (3.04, 7.26), p-value<.001). According to the results, it can be concluded that Sinopharm and PastoCoVac vaccines did not have serious side effects. Also, it seems that some of the reported adverse events in other studies are overestimated due to the lack of a control group.

It is of utmost importance to identify populations with the elevated risk for Covid-19 and the factors influencing its outcomes. The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting mortality and length of stay (LOS) in the hospitals of East Azerbaijan Province, Iran, during a 15 months period of this pandemic. Study design: A retrospective study.

This retrospective study was conducted by using data on ISSS (integrated syndromic surveillance system) on the patients admitted to the hospitals from February 21, 2020, to April 11, 2021. The association of variable of interest on death and LOS was investigated via multiple logistic regression and multiple linear regression.

In total, 24,293 inpatients with the mean age of 53.99±19.37 years old were included in this study. About 15% of patients lost their lives. The mean age of the deceased patients was 69.02±14.64 years old and significantly higher than the recovered ones (p<0.001). Aging, male gender and having chronic diseases were correlated with the patient mortality. In addition,   aging and having chronic diseases were associated with higher LOS in hospitals.

The older patients were at a higher risk of mortality and even prolonged hospitalization. In addition, patients’ underlying diseases could cause a severe form of COVID-19 and these individuals were more likely to lose their lives and stay in hospitals for a longer time due to COVID-19.

 COVID-19 is currently the leading global health issue. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face challenges in supplying COVID-19 vaccines. To assess an adjunctive preventive measure for COVID-19 burden, we aimed to evaluate the relationship of influenza vaccination in the previous year with outcomes of COVID-19 in affirmed cases after adjustment for relevant factors.   

 This prospective study was conducted using the provincial registry of confirmed COVID-19 cases in East-Azerbaijan province in North-West of Iran. The main outcomes were COVID-19 mortality and hospitalization. The influenza vaccination history in 2019 was collected by phone calls. Data analysis was done by SPSS software version 16, separately for healthcare workers and the general population. The logistic regression model was applied to compare the covariates in influenza vaccinated versus unvaccinated patients.   

 From 1 March to 10 October 2020, 17,213 positive COVID-19 cases were registered, of which 916 patients were included. A total of 88 patients (9.6%) deceased due to COVID-19. Two hundred subjects (21.8%) reported receiving the influenza vaccine during the past year. Healthcare workers had a significantly higher vaccination rate than the general population (28.9% vs. 7.1%; p<0.001). After adjustment for socioeconomic and health covariates, the vaccinated cases in the general population had 84% lower odds of death (OR: 0.16; 95%CI: 0.05-0.60; p=0.017). In multivariate analysis, the influenza vaccination history in the previous year was not significantly related to the lower COVID-19 hospitalization rate.   

 The flu vaccination rate was not optimal in our community. The flu vaccination can be an independent preventing factor for COVID-19 mortality in the general population. The influenza vaccine can be considered as an effective adjutant preventive countermeasure for the COVID-19 burden.

Guillain-Barre syndrome is an acute ascending paralysis accompanied with autonomic symptoms like abdominal pain. Here we present a 13-year-old boy with lower extremities pain and sensory disturbances with presumptive diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome who experienced severe progression of disease after receiving general anesthesia due to an appendectomy. Whether the progression was due to the natural history of GBS, immunosuppression induced by surgical stress, or usage of anesthetic medications remained unclear.

Visceral leishmaniasis is a zoonotic diseases and is endemic in northwest of Iran and annually 100-300 positive cases are reported. The aim of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of visceral leishmaniasis in East Azerbaijan province.

This is a retrospective cross-sectional study that was done on visceral leishmaniasis patients from 2009-2016 which is analyzed based on interpolation and SPSS v.25 and ArcMap10.4.1 have been used.

Totally 78 patients were identified during the study, of which 57.7% were living in rural areas and 42.3% in urban areas. More than 90% of cases have occurred in children under the age of 5 years. The northeastern part of the province, which has a higher average rainfall and a moderate temperature, was identified as a high risk area of the disease and a hot spot of disease among the Kalibar and Ahar counties.

Visceral leishmaniasis has increased by 3-4 times since 2013 in East Azarbaijan province and residents of border areas with Ardebil province and Azerbaijan Republic are at the risk of transmitting the disease

We aimed to investigate the clinical and para clinical manifestations of neuro metabolic disorders, in patients who presented by neuro developmental delay in their neuro developmental milestones.
The patients diagnosed as neuro developmental delay and regression with or without seizure at the Neurology Department of Mofid Children Hospital in Tehran, Iran between 2004 and 2014 were included in our study. These patients diagnosed as neuro developmental delay by pediatric neurologists in view of diagnostic /screening neuro developmental assessment tests. The patients who completed our inclusion criteria as neuro metabolic disorders were evaluated in terms of metabolic and genetic study in referral lab.
Overall, 213 patients with neurometabolic disorders were diagnosed. 54.3% of patients were male. The average age of patients was 41 +46.1 months. 71.4% of parent’s patients had consanguinity of marriages. Eighty seven percent of patients had developmental delay (or/and) regression. 55.5% of them had different type of seizures. Overall, 213 patients with 34 different neurometabolic disorders were diagnosed and classified in the 7 sub classes, consisting of:1- organic acidemia and aminoacidopathy (122 patients), 2-storage disease (37 patients) 3- eukodystrophy (27 patients), other classes consisted: lipid oxidation disorders, urea cycle disorders, progressive myoclonic epilepsy; and peroxizomal disorders (27 patients).
Conclusion; In patients with developmental delay or regression, with or without seizure, abnormal neurologic exam along with positive family history of similar disorder or relative parents, abnormal brain imaging with specific patterns, neurometabolic disorders should be considered as one of the important treatable diseases.