soha moosavi

Due to the limitation of fossil energy resources and problems caused by greenhouse gas emissions, it is essential to focus on renewable energy resources, because it can be used to achieve sustainable development goals. Thus, the purpose of this research is to investigate relations among renewable energy, CO2 emissions and sustainable development and compared to non-renewable energy in Iran. 

In this study, dynamic interrelationships in the sustainable development-energy- CO2 emissions nexus is examined by applying bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) in Iran over the period 1980-2013. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the indicator commonly used to measure economic growth and sustainable development, but this indicator is inefficient for evaluating development. One of the most prominent alternative indicators for sustainable development is the Index of Genuine Savings (GS). For this purpose, in this study GS is used as an indicator of sustainable development.

Results reveal that the impact of creating positive shock on renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on sustainable development in Iran is positive. Also, positive shock on renewable and non-renewable energy consumption causes an increase in CO2 emission. Moreover, the impact of an increase in sustainable development is positive on renewable energy consumption and is negative on non-renewable energy consumption.

 Discussion and Conclusion

It is suggested that policy makers prioritize the promotion of energy supply diversification policies, especially renewable energy.

Today, population growth is one of the most important issues facing the countries because it affects the patterns of sustainable economic growth. Population growth is a key element of semi-endogenous economic growth models. Semi-endogenous growth states that economic growth is correlated with the growth rate of effort in research and development. The common features of these models are decreasing returns of knowledge in the production of new knowledge and positive population growth.
The aim of this study is to investigate the long-run relationships between population growth on technological output (patents), focusing on eight developing Islamic countries group named D8, in order to analyze the range of population growth rates favorable to support higher technological output. In particular, the aim is to determine whether the relationship between population growth and technological output is an inverted-U shape. In this research, focusing on two critical variables -population growth and technological outputs- the non-linear model to investigate the relation between this two variables is used. This is important that it determines the optimal level in which population growth rates tend to be associated to higher technological outputs. The results show the existence of an inverted-U shaped curve between population growth rate and technological output. Sustainable population growth rate of about 2% is consistent with the increase in technological outputs. Also, population growth rates much different from optimal growth rate of population can reduce the returns of technological outputs to population growth.