فهرست مطالب soheil fatahian

Pancreas is a gland deep in the abdomen that is located between the stomach and the vertebrae of the spine. The most important hormone secreted from this gland is insulin. Insulin enters the bloodstream and helps the body to use the energy in food. Now, if the pancreas is disturbed in its function, this will reduce the production of insulin in the body, which results in the occurrence of diabetes. According to the research, medicinal plants play an essential role in the health of the pancreas, and preventing the destruction of pancreatic beta cells is an important factor in dealing with diabetes. In this research, we intend to investigate the causal relationship between the effects of medicinal plants on the protection and repair of pancreatic beta cells by using the descriptive-analytical method and referring to the available sources.The study of medicinal plants such as Salvia Officinalis, Purslane, Urtica, Otostegia Persica, Abelmoscus Esculentus, Ziziphora Clinopodioides Lam and Juglans Regia, which were examined in this article, promises that their use is due to the presence of compounds such as flavonoids and antioxidants. It can cause regeneration and repair of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans through the creation of mechanisms.

Curcumin, a bioactive component of Curcuma langa, has been investigated for its anti-proliferative effects against various cancer cell lines. Although results are very promising, the poor water solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin are its main limitations for clinical application.

The purpose of this study was to develop a drug delivery system, consisting of hydroxyapatite (HAp) polymer and sodium alginate (NaAlg), covering the magnetic core of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), and loaded with curcumin in order to enhance its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.

In this study, IONPs were prepared by the co-precipitation method and coated with HAp and NaAlg. The nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and electron microscopy (TEM and SEM). Encapsulation efficiency and curcumin loading rate were examined. Drug release rate was also measured in vitro at pH = 7.5 and 5.5. The toxicity of curcumin-loaded NPs and free curcumin was evaluated against HT-29 and MCF-7 cancer cells.

The assessment of physicochemical characteristics showed the synthesis of spherical particles with nanometer sizes (5 - 7 nm) and a high encapsulation efficiency (84.16 ± 3.51 %) and drug loading capacity (21.03 ± 0.87%). Maximum drug release was obtained at pH = 5.5. Iron oxide nanoparticles showed no significant cytotoxic effects. Curcumin-loaded coated IONPs showed a higher toxicity against HT-29 and MCF-7 cancer cells compared to free curcumin.

This in vitro study showed that the encapsulation of curcumin, as a potent herbal drug, into IONPs enhanced its bioavailability, suggesting the NPs as an efficient vehicle for targeted drug delivery in cancer treatment.

In recent years, due to their small size and increased surface-to-volume ratio, the use of nanoparticles in diagnosis, drug delivery, and treatment has received much attention. The most important problem in chemotherapy is the limited access to the central part of the tumor due to its low blood flow. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicity of polydopamine-coated and uncoated  nanoparticles on melanoma B16-F10 cells.

 nanoparticles were co-precipitated and coated with dopamine. Then, the effect of cytotoxicity of the coated and uncoated nanoparticles on the B16-F10 cells was studied using MTT assay.

 nanoparticles were toxic to B16-F10 at the concentration of 450 μg/ml and duration of 72 hours. Coated nanoparticles had no toxicity at any concentration at the duration of 48 and 72 hours.

The cytotoxic properties of uncoated nanoparticles were significantly higher than the coated nanoparticles. Polydopamine coating shell can reduce the toxicity of the nanoparticles, and it can be used for bonding the drugs, as well as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Fe3O4 nanoparticles at presence of a constant magnetic field on rat liver and some stress oxidative parameters.
Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation method using iron chloride (III) and iron sulphate (II). The nanoparticles properties were studied by XRD and TEM. Fourty male wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. First group was injected with normal saline (control). Second group was injected with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (100 mg/kg). Third group was treated under a constant magnetic field and fourth group was treated with both of Fe3O4 nanoparticles injection and constant magnetic field (all injections are intra peritoneally). Liver parameters (ALT, AST, Total protein, Bilirubin) and some stress oxidative parameters such as SOD and GPX were measured for all groups, 15 and 30 days post injection.
The size of the synthesized nanoparticles was determined 14 nm. The crystalline structure of the nanoparticles was spinel. Serum concentration of ALT and AST were changed in some groups compared with the control group. At the presence of constant magnetic field and iron oxide injection, the amount of total protein and bilirubin significantly increased compared with that of control group. The enzyme activity of SOD and GPX haven’t changed compared to the control group.
The results of this investigation show that this concentration of iron oxide nanoparticles (100 mg/kg) have not irreversible toxic effects at the level of liver parameters. Also, they have not any serious effects on the SOD and GPX enzyme activity even at presence of a constant magnetic field.

Aim & Iron oxide nanoparticles as an element, inducing contrast in nuclear magnetic resonance (MRI). Nevertheless, effects of nanoparticles on human health have not yet been fully investigated. In this study, using chitosan coating iron oxide nanoparticles on the hematological toxicity is investigated.
A total of 60 adult female Wistar rats were divided into 10 groups of 6 rats. Concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 mg of chitosan per kg body weight nanoparticles coated which chitosan, were injected intraperitoneally into of rats. Then, hematological parameters (WBC, RBC, PLT and MCV) were measured.
Results were analyzed using SPSS 20 software (One way ANOVA). The average number of blood cells (WBC and RBC) in the groups treated with higher concentrations of 50 mg/kg body weight was significantly decreased as compared to the control animals. There was no fatality among the animals during the experiment.
According to the results, it can be concluded that short-term use of iron oxide nanoparticles coated with chitosan does not induce specific toxicity in the body of experimental animals.

The wide scale use of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in the consumer market world makes human beings more prone to the exposure to ZnO nanoparticles and its adverse effects. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to assess renal toxicity potential of ZnO and Polyethylene glycol Coated ZnO Nanoparticles in rat.
Co-precipitation chemical method was used in order to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were coated with PEG (Polyethylene glycol) and the coating interactions were investigated by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Structural properties of ZnO NPs were evaluated by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) and XRD (X Ray Diffraction). Toxicity assessment of ZnO and PEG coated ZnO nanoparticles were studied in rat by intra peritoneal injections during a one-month. Renal factors (Creatinine, Uric acid and Blood Urea Nitrogen) were measured 15 and 30 days post injection.
The synthesized nanoparticles were single phase and have spinel structure. Their size distribution was around 18 nm. Some kidney factors were changed due to the injection of both uncoated and coated nanoparticles (especially in groups received concentrations of more than 100 mg per kg of body weight). Renal factors changes were more considerable in groups received ZnO NPs in comparison with those received PEG coated ZnO NPs. Chemical toxicity studies showed that there was no irreversible effect in the groups received concentrations less than 200 mg/kg (mg per kg of body weight).
The results indicated that renal factors were changed during 15 days post injection, especially in groups received high doses (200 mg/kg). The results of measurements 30 days post injection showed less change in comparison with the control and this indicates that there was no irreversible effect on kidney. Moreover, PEG coated nanoparticles were less toxic in comparison with Uncoated ZnO NPs.

Recently, applications of nanoparticles in many fields of medicine have developed, due to their specific physical and chemical properties. Therefore, assessment of their toxicity especially in in vivo conditions is necessary.. The aim of this study was to compare the toxicity of Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with biocompatible compounds and noncoated nanoparticles.. Wetted chemical method was used in order to synthesize Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were coated with BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) and DMSA (Dimercaptosuccinic Acid) and the coating interactions were investigated by FTIR. Magnetic and structure properties of Fe3O4 and coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles were evaluated by AGFM (Alternating Gradient Force Magnetometer), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) and XRD (X Ray Diffraction). Toxicity assessment of Fe3O4 and coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles were studied in mice by intra peritoneal injections during a one-month period. Liver enzymes (SGPT, SGOT, ALP, and LDH) were measured 7, 15 and 30 days post injection.. The synthesized nanoparticles have a single phase and spinel structure; their size distribution in the net form is around 5 to 11 nm and in the coated form is 17 to 25 nm. Some mice liver enzymes were changed due to the injection of both uncoated and coated nanoparticles (especially in groups which received concentrations of more than 100 mg per kg of mice weight). Liver enzyme changes were more considerable in groups that received DMSA or DMSA coated nanoparticles in comparison with those that received BSA or BSA coated nanoparticles. Chemical toxicity studies showed that there was no irreversible effect with concentrations less than 200 mg/kg for all control and treated groups.. The results indicated that liver enzymes were changed during seven and 15 days post injection, especially with high doses (200 mg/kg). The results of measurements 30 days post injection showed less change in comparison with the control and this indicates that there was no irreversible effect on the liver. Moreover, DMSA coated nanoparticles were more toxic in comparison with BSA coated nanoparticles..