tachara roohikarimi

Marital infidelity may severely deteriorate couples' relationships. Researchers and family therapists have offered several definitions of marital infidelity. Generally, it is a violation of a couple’s stated contract regarding emotional and/or sexual behaviors. Marital infidelity potentially disrupts couples' relationships and causes numerous disorders and psychological problems among individuals. Accordingly, performing appropriate interventions to reduce its negative effects seems critical. Cognitive–Behavioral Couple Therapy (CBCT) is an intervention with effective outcomes for various marital problems. This approach, in addition to mental cognitive reconstruction, uses different behavioral interventions to strengthen couples' coping skills. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of CBCT on resilience and quality of life in women affected by marital infidelity.

This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest and a control group design. The statistical population of the study included all women affected by marital infidelity in the western region of Tehran City, Iran who were referred to psychological clinics (4 counseling centers), in 2019. Using the purposive sampling method, 30 eligible volunteers were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The inclusion criteria of this study included having the experience of infidelity; a minimum level of education (middle–school degree); having lived together for at least one year; presenting voluntary consent to participate in the research; the ability to attend all research meetings, and no diagnosable physical and mental illnesses. All study subjects completed the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (Connor & Davidson, 2003) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL–BREF) (1996) before and after the training. The experimental group was provided with twelve 90–minute weekly CBCT sessions in groups according to the protocol of Khanjani Veshki et al. (2017); however, the control group received no intervention. The obtained data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) in SPSS.

The present research results suggested that CBCT improved resilience (p<0.001) and quality of life (p<0.001) in the experimental group.

According to the study findings, CBCT was effective on resilience and quality of life in the explored infidelity–affected women.

It is important to use appropriate interventions to reduce negative effects of marital Infidelity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy on marital burnout and post-traumatic stress in women affected by infidelity. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women affected by infidelity in the west region of Tehran in 2019. Forty-five women selected by purposeful sampling and then randomly assigned to one of the three groups, including the cognitive-behavioral couple therapy group, the acceptance and commitment couple therapy's group, and the control group. Participants in the cognitive-behavioral couple therapy group as well as the acceptance and commitment therapy group received 12 90-minutes weekly sessions of therapy, while the control group received no intervention. All participants completed the marital burnout (Pines, 1996) and the post-traumatic stress questionnaires (Foa, Riggs, Dancu, & Rothbaum, 1993) at pre/post intervention. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The results was show that both cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy had a significant effect on physical burnout (P= 0.002; F=7.64), emotional burnout (P= 0.001; F=19.07), mental burnout (P= 0.001; F=16.42), and post-traumatic stress (P= 0.001; F=65.72). Also, the results of Bonferroni post hoc test showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in marital burnout (p>0.05), while, in terms of post-traumatic stress, the difference between the two groups was significant and the results were in favor of the acceptance and commitment couple therapy (p < 0.05). According to the results, it can say that cognitive-behavioral couple therapy, and acceptance and commitment couple therapy are effective on marital burnout and post-traumatic stress in women affected by marital infidelity. Therefore, we recommended that family psychological counseling specialists use these couple therapy methods to reduce the effects of marital infidelity.

The term ‘Legislative Politics’ determines a country prospective view, and provide its own expectation from ‘legal institutions’ before enacting relevant acts. But in the Iranian legal system, since legislator doubted between ‘adoption’ and ‘fostering’, the legislative politics about orphan children is dual and vague. That situation caused by two facts: on one hand, in Islamic context adoption has some limitations, and on the other hand sometimes best interests of the child requires an adoptive family and government inevitably is attracted to adoption. These dual politics caused some discordance, conflicts in the acts and also discouraged adoptive parents or attracted them to the alternative options (such as Embryo Donation for infertile couples). The legislator must determine its own politics definitely and pass from its doubt forever.