فهرست مطالب taghadosi

Introdaction: Nursing is one of the most serious occupations in the world. These occupational hazards directly affect on the health of nurses. Nurses with no good general health are not able to provide proper care for patients. In this study, the articles related to general health in Iranian nurses were reviewed. In this review, the articles published between 2011 and 2017 were reviewed. For this purpose, Pubmed, Proquest, Sid, Google, Google Scholar, Scopus, Iran medex, Cinhal and Web of science were reviewed. The keywords like health, General health, Normality, Normalcy, Wellness and Nurse in were searched using Mesh  Performing research in Iran was the main criterion for including in the study. Twenty five eligible studies were reviewed in this studied after assessing inclusion criteria and quality articles. Thirty seven percent of studies reported that the general health in nures is at a moderat level, 62% reported inappropriate or at risk. Thirty five % of the studies reported psychiatric disorders as the most common health disorders in nursese. The results of 35% of studies showd a significant relationship between factors related to work, family life and religious beliefs ande nurses’ health. The results of the studies showd that interventions such as stress management group therapy, communication skills and emotional intelligence training have been effective in promoting general health in nurses. Discussion and Iranian nurses are not in good health status. Therefore, it is recommended that the authorities consider the health of medical staff, specifically nurses, to improve the quality of their services.

Soil salinity is one of the serious environmental hazard and agriculture problems in arid and semiarid areas. Monitoring and assessing this phenomenon in affected areas is restricted and has been associated with poor results in optical remote sensing. Using potential of radar remote sensing can be effective approach for detecting salinization in salt affected areas due to the sensitivity of signal to dielectric properties of the target. The dielectric constant, which is considered as inherent characteristics of the surface, impacts the radar backscattering coefficient and is an important factor for simulating the radar backscattering coefficient. This paper deals with modeling the backscattering coefficient of salt affected soils by evaluating its dielectric constant behavior. For this purpose, semi-empirical model, which proposed by Wang were used and dielectric constant was estimated in both real and imaginary parts, as a function of salinity and volumetric soil moisture content for different types of soil texture in different frequencies. We also used two backscattering models, Dubois and Oh, to simulate backscattering coefficient of the Sentinel-1 data in VV and VH polarization. The results showed that real part of dielectric constant is influenced by soil moisture and increases with amount of water content up to 50. Imaginary part is also influenced by both salinity and moisture content and increase up to 40. The results also indicated that both real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant decrease sharply with increasing frequency, which reveal the necessity of using low frequencies to detect salt affected soils due to its higher sensitivity to salinity and moisture content in these frequencies. Evaluating the results of simulating the backscattering coefficients in VV and VH polarization, showing the RMSE=2.9554, Bias=-1.5138 for Dubois model in VV polarization and RMSE=2.0704, Bias=0.9839 for Oh model in VH polarization. It can be concluded that used models have great potential for modeling radar backscattering in salt affected soils.

System management and maintenance procedures asphalt pavement assess the current situation and predict their future according to the parameters affecting them. For this purpose, after completion of data collection models to predict the PCI index using the Marshall test results for Region 2 in Tehran have been developed. To estimate the PCI, the percentage of bitumen, Marshall Resistance, passing traffic and pavement age based on appropriate statistical tests and SPSS software were selected as the independent variable. Two separate methods were used for modeling, The first way is through the process of regression using SPSS software for analyzing the effect of each of the variables on the model output (sensitivity analysis) was used the results of the sensitivity analysis shows that the strength of the Marshall greatest impact directly on the index PCI. PSO algorithms and genetic algorithms to optimize the use and the optimal amount of each of the independent variables were obtained for the maximum index PCI.

Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is an important pest of apple, pear, quince and walnut orchards in Iran. At present, application of chemical pesticides is the main measure to control this pest and no sufficient attention is paid to non-chemical control measures. Among the non-chemical methods which are being used extensively worldwide to control many insect pests such as codling moth, is behavioral control using synthetic sex pheromones. This experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of mating disruption technique to control codling moth in Damavand and Ghoochan regions during the year 2013. Treatments included mating disruption with the installation of 1000 dispensers of sex pheromone (synthesized by Shintsu Japan) per hectare, mating disruption and chemical control by using Diazinon and Phosalone insecticides against two generation of pest and finally control treatment including chemical control. Results indicate that treatment of mating disruption chemical control had significantly less infestation (0.65± 0.037) in comparison with the mating disruption alone and control treatments (3.5±0.047 and 5.35±0.94, respectively) in Damavand region. But in Ghoochan region, the mating disruption爗ꚉ욥 control and mating disruption alone treatments had significantly less infestation (1.95± 0.80 and 2.45±0.077, respectively) in comparison with the treatment of chemical control alone (10.95±0.177).

Informed of the cancer diagnosis significantly impressed and reduced life satisfaction in the patients with cancer. It seems that religious and spiritual elements according to their components effects life satisfaction positively and increases it.This study aimed to determine the relationship between spiritual well-being and religious attitudes with life satisfaction in cancer patients.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 100 cancer patients through the sequential convenience sampling method in the period of time from October to December in 2013. Data were collected by using four-part questionnaire demographic, Ellison and pollution Spiritual well-being, Glock and stark and life satisfaction Inventory-Z. Data were analyzed via SPSS version 16.0.
The mean score of life satisfaction was 16.03±5.58. The significant difference was seen between men (17.21±5.91) and women (14.52±4.77) with life satisfaction score (p=0.001). The overall mean of spiritual well-being and religious attitude were 78.48±12.11 and 91.24±6.52 respectively, that shows there were no substantial difference between spiritual well-being and religious attitude in both gender. The significant correlations between the Spiritual well-being with life satisfaction (p The results of this study indicated that the spiritual well-being and religious attitude have an importance effect on life satisfaction; Therefore, It is recommended that nurses and health clinical staff increase life satisfaction by consideration to spiritual well-being and religious attitude in the cancer patients.

Olive fruit fly is the most important pest of the olive orchards throughout the world. The study of biological indexes was conducted in olive orchards and laboratory at Tarom-Zanjan research station. Results revealed that adults appeared out of the pupae from mid. April while the first infection time was recorded in ‘Konservalia’ cultivar in early July of the 2007 but early June of the 2008. The detailed study of the injurious generation of the pest showed that adults mating occurred at 3-7 days and led to egg laying after 14 days; the time from egg incubation till 3rd instar larval exit lasted 34.7±2.14 days and sex ratio was calculated as 1:1 (female:male). Reaction of the olive cultivars (Konsearvalia, Mari and Zard) to the fly was different based on the final product of the orchard implying if the fruits are grown for table olive, the Konservalia, Mari and Zard may be damaged respectively but in the case of oil production the trend of damage will be shifted to Mari, Zard and Konservalia.

Vermiform appendix is different in terms of anatomical position, length and mesoappendix. Knowing the anatomical position of vermiform appendix is important for the surgeons in terms of diagnosis and management. The aim of this study is analysis of length, anatomical position and mesoappendix of vermiform appendix. This is a cross-sectional study on the 400 randomly selected cadavers (306 male and 94 female) who have been referred to the autopsy hall of legal medicine organization of Tehran province to be autopsied between March 21, 2010 and March, 2011. The cause of death was very heterogeneous among autopsied cadavers.According to our results the anatomical positions were pelvic, subcecal, retroileal, retrocaecal, ectopic and preileal in 55.8%, 19%, 12.5%, 7%, 4.2% and 1.5% respectively. The mean length of vermiform appendix was 91.2 mm and 80.3 mm in men and women, respectively. Mesoappendix was complete in 79.5% and incomplete in 20.5%. No association was seen between sex and anatomical position of vermiform appendix.Anterior anatomical position was the most frequent vermiform appendix position in our population which is in discrepancy with most of the reports from western countries. It might be possible that factors such as race, geographical regions and nutritional regiment play roles in determining the position of vermiform appendix.

Heart ischemic diseases are the most common heart problems and the most important cause of death, all over the world which affect the patients’ quality of life. These diseases involve many problems for patients and cost a lot for the society. Most of conducted studies in this regards, have assessed the general quality of life. The present study, therefore, was design to assess general and specific quality of life of patients with heart ischemic diseases in Kashan. Recruiting a cross-sectional study design, 500 patients were selected to participate in the study among who were admitted to one of Kashan’s health centers, diagnosed with myocardial infarction (based on their clinical and para-clinical criteria), had coronary arteries complications (based on angiography) or had a history of PTCA or CABG operation and were under treatment. Data were collected using SF-36 Index (short form) for assessing general quality of life and SAQ index to assess the specific quality of life. The data were analyzed using K2 and Fisher statistics test. The results showed that the average age was 60.5±12.5 years old. %55.8 of participants were male. Most of the participants had a history of heart attack. Quality of life was mostly moderate and good. The patients with a history of CABG had better quality of life than patients undergone PTCA. The average of general quality of life was 112.5±24 (interpreted as good) and 59.8±14.9 for specific quality of life (interpreted as good). Sex, history of heart disease, older age, insufficient education, educational level, heart attacks rates and having a history of diseases had impact on their quality of life. General and specific quality of life, were demonstrated to be good in participants which was better in patients who had experienced heart attacks and angina than those undergone angioplasty. The study calls for more attention and education to patients with older age, suffering from other diseases, more pervious heart attacks and females.