tahereh taghani

The behavior of rural households for fish consumption was evaluated in the Golestan province of Iran . Data were collected through a designed questionnaire. In the inferential analysis of the research, chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and scoring tests were used for ranking. 51.3% of households are interested in fried fish and 32.7% are stuffed fish and 37.3% and 33.3% of households in these areas supply fish from the place of fishing and harvesting and fish market. About 57% buy less than twice a month and an average of 6.12 kg of fish. 42% of them consumed canned food and their per capita consumption was 37.7 kg. The most important reasons for consuming their fish were one to four quality and freshness, cheapness, cleanliness and hygiene, and nutritional properties and value, respectively... People under 45 years old like the supply of packaged and frozen fish. People with higher income and above 25 million Rials buy fresh, filleted and completely cleaned fish and the opposite group with lower income are more inclined to canned fish. .. They consider the properties and nutritional value of marine fish to be much higher than farmed fish, and they had great skill in distinguishing fresh fish from stale fish. Therefore, there is a possibility of providing a market and supply of processed products to help the economy of rural households in the province to increase fish per capita consumption. However, the possibility of access to marine fish and reducing the price of fish in rural should be provided to increase consumption, and a special study of the consumption of marine and farmed fish in rural areas is recommended.

The operation of collecting, breeding and culture, keeping, transporting, packing and distributing ornamental fish, as a field of job creation, in addition to maintaining biodiversity, mental health effect, entertainment ability and increasing tourist attractions and export income, plays a significant role in the economic growth of many countries. The export value of ornamental fish in the world reaches 392 million dollars and Iran reaches 396 thousand dollars. In the statistical period of 1389-1400, despite the 9.5% growth of production, about 9.7 million dollars were exported from Iran, which was 13.4 and -5.9, respectively, in the period's quantitative and value growth. The highest volume of exports to Iraq, Turkey and Azerbaijan and the highest value of exports were related to the countries of Iraq, Turkey and Afghanistan, respectively. The highest value of the export unit was also related to Malaysia, Thailand and Pakistan, respectively. Despite the increase in export development compared to the past, the trade balance, production growth, the diversity of countries, the volume and value of exchanges have increased, and exports have been directed to neighboring and Asian countries. So that the special support and targeted planning of the government can increase the interests of the country and the sustainable development of the industry.

The behavior of rural households in 11 non-coastal cities of Golestan province for fish consumption was evaluated. Data were collected through a designed questionnaire. In inferential analysis of the research, chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Friedman methods were used for ranking. About 73% of households in these areas source fish from fish markets and fishing grounds. 47% of households are interested in fried fish and 35.4% are stuffed fish. On average, they buy 6.88 kg of fish at a time. About 60% of them did not eat canned fish and their per capita consumption was 2 cans and their per capita consumption was 40 kg. 83% of them consumed more than the national average. The most important reasons for consuming their fish were one to four interests, cheapness, quality and freshness, and nutritional properties and value, respectively. Their favorite species are sturgeon, whitefish, Bream, mullet, respectively, but when buying, they choose farmed species and most of all, carp. Consumers over the age of 45 gave more importance to fresh fish, and people with higher education than diploma and women surveyed paid more attention to packaged fish than men. With increasing revenue, the tendency to diversify products and types of supply increased, and with increasing age, taste, cheapness, availability and non-extinction of fish became more important. They were very skilled in distinguishing fresh fish from spoiling fish for consumption. High-income and per capita households above the national average did not care about the endangered species. However, the possibility of access to marine fish and reduce fish prices in rural areas is suggested to increase consumption and study the separate consumption of marine fish and farming in rural areas.

Behavior of fish consumers in rural households in coastal areas of Golestan province after designing a questionnaire and collecting data, statistical analysis was performed in 2020. In inferential analysis of the research, chi-square, Mann-Whitney and scoring methods were used for ranking. They per capita consumption was 14 cans and their per capita consumption was 14/7 kg. 64% of them consumed less per capita than the national average (12/1). Rutilus firisii kutum was the most popular species, but they could not afford to buy sturgeon. The reasons for their consumption were quality and freshness, cleanliness and hygiene, and interest in fish, respectively. The income group above 2/5 million Tomans had a per capita consumption increase of about 9 kg compared to the lower group. And in the purchase of fish flavor, taste, size, species, properties and nutritional value and not in danger of extinction and the desired supply of fish, fresh, frozen and canned for them was more important than the other group. All 9 factors examined in households with higher education level than diploma and those with higher per capita consumption than the national average was more important in buying fish. Under the age of 45 in shopping to flavor, taste, properties and nutritional value and in the desired supply mode, more than older ages, they paid attention to filleted and canned fish. Households that had higher per capita consumption than the country's per capita Fish consumption and with university education cared more about fresh, packaged and canned fish than anyone else. Despite the interest in fresh fish and certain species in these areas, access to them seems to be limited and income, educational, age and consumption limits are effective in the tendency to consume fishery products along with fresh fish. And the possibility of providing a market and supply of processed products, helping the economy of rural households in rural areas to increase per capita consumption.

In this study, the effects of the coating by chitosan (Cs) and its oligosaccharides (CsO) on some quality properties of peeled vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during 3 months of frozen storage were compared with sodium pyrophosphate (SPP) (1 and 2%), Cs-SPP (1 and 2%) and CsO-SPP (1 and 2%). The moisture content, conjugated dienes (CD), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), color and texture properties of the samples were analyzed. The results showed that coating of shrimp by chitosan and its oligosaccharides, alone or in combination with SPP showed significant effects on the texture characteristics (springiness and chewiness) compared with the control and SPP-treated batches (P<0.05). The CD and TBA indices showed an increasing trend during storage (P<0.05). In the immersed treatments at CS 1% and in combination treatment with SPP, the TBA value was increased of 0.28 to 0.58 and 0.82 mg malondialdehyde/kg. This index was increased in the control and SPP (1 and 2%) to the 0.92 to 0.97 mg malondialdehyde/kg. According to the results, the treatments coated by chitosan and its oligosaccharide alone or in combination with sodium pyrophosphate had an effective role in inhibiting lipid oxidation and preventing its undesirable effects on frozen shrimp. In addition, color parameters (L*, a*, b*) in the treated samples by chitosan showed positive effects on stabilizing and improving the color of frozen shrimp during storage. Overall, the coating by chitosan and its oligosaccharides could maintain the quality of peeled frozen shrimp.