فهرست مطالب toroj aghdai

Mystical stories serve as a means of spreading awareness and promoting spirituality in the realm of mysticism and human progress towards self-transcendence. Numerous authors have focused on transcendence under the guise of mysticism and spiritual experience in their works. Shahrnush Parsipur is one such writer who views the lives of her fictional characters through a mystical lens and portrays immortality in reality. In her renowned novel Women Without Men, Parsipur employs mystical elements to create her female characters. The objective of this research is to investigate the social and mystical perspective of Shahrnush Parsipur towards women and their social status, based on the novel, using an analytical-descriptive approach. The findings of this research suggest that each character in the novel can be considered a representative of a segment of women's society; women who, by attaining self-knowledge and embarking on a spiritual journey, strive to understand the truth of their existence and seek inner purity, immortality, and truth.

Language is the only means of depicting the sense world. Everyone understands the world in his/her own way and describes it with a special language. In the same fashion, the language used in Sawāneh, written by Ahmad Ghazālī, expresses the unique experiences of him. Based on the Jakobson's communication theory, the present article tries to consider the aesthetic message of Sawāneh, and show that despite using language as a means for communication, the meaning expressed in the language and the understanding of it are delayed in the text. The meaning and understanding are delayed because the writer tries to employ aesthetic means of language. At the same time, for considering the literal content of the text we refer to anecdote, allegory, simile, personification and metaphor as the most important means used to change language to literature.