فهرست مطالب vahid bay

The burden of premature mortality is used to prioritize health problems. The purpose of this study was to estimate the burden of premature mortality due to colorectal cancer in Golestan from 2011 – 2015. In this sequential cross-sectional study, based on the province mortality registration data and standard expected years of life lost (SEYLL), the burden of premature mortality was calculated. From 2011 to 2015, a total of 3283 years of the lost years of life was due to the Premature Mortality in Golestan province to colorectal cancer, which occurred 1983 years (60.4%) in the men and 1299 years (39.6%) in the women. The rate of lost years of life for the 5-year period was 1.2 per 1000 people in the men and 1.4 per 1000 people in the women. The results of the study showed that people over 60 years old were at risk of death and losing more potential life expectancy due to premature death due to colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer seems to be the primary cancer of the province's health system. But definitive judgment requires calculating the burden of disability caused by cancers and ranking them based on the complete calculation of the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) index.

Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis requires high utilization of resources and costs and assessing the utilization of health care resources is always important for budgeting and long-term planning in a highly dynamic health care system. This study aimed to investigate the resources and service utilization pattern of patients with smear positive tuberculosis in the Azadshahr district, Golestan province.
In this retrospective and cross-sectional study, all new patients with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis who were registered and successfully completed their treatment at the health network of Azadshahr County, from April 2013 to October 2015, were entered to the study (45 patients). Data were collected from the patients’ records at the health care facilities, telephone interviews with patients and registry book of patients in the tuberculosis unite of health network.
The average duration of treatment and DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment, Short-Course) implementation was 195 and 158 days per patient, respectively. The average drug consumption was 741 pills and the average number of X-ray and laboratory tests (smear test) was 1.7 and 4.4 per patient, respectively. Each patient had been visited on average 8.8 times by physician and 27% of patients were hospitalized, their average length of stay was 1.8 days.
Our findings showed that the utilization pattern of resources and services in patients with tuberculosis was approximately consistent with protocols developed by World Health Organization (WHO) and Ministry of Health of Iran often.

Hospital, considered as a complex organization with high accountability, plays an important role in the health care system. In the present study, based on Weisbord model, we carried out a comprehensive assessment of Imam Hussein hospital affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2015.
This study is considered as a descriptive and analytical research. Study population consists of hospital staff among which the numbers of participants were determined at the 0.05 error level using Cochran formula. In order to collect the required data standard organizational diagnosis was used. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and ANOVAs tests using SPSS software version 21. Compliances with ethical standards were also considered.
A total of 306 staff participated in the study. An overall average of studying 7 dimensions score was 4.14 showing the weakness of the hospital management in terms of inner organizational elements.
Sample T-test results showed hospital status was desirable in dimensions of goal setting, leadership and attitudes towards changes. Dimensions of “goal setting” and “reward” with the average scores of 3.88 and 4.85 were the strongest and the weakest, respectively. A significant relation was observed between educational level and scores given to rewards dimension.
Results indicated that the organizational status of this hospital is generally not desirable. Although, managing a hospital cannot be considered as managing other organizations, by adjusting the strengthening of organizational dimensions and reducing barriers and obstacles the conditions can be improved.

Promoting normal vaginal delivery and, consequently, reduction in cesarean section rate is one of the health sector evolution goals. This study was aimed to determine health sector evolution plan’s achievement in vaginal delivery promotion in a large public hospital in Tehran.
Material and This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015. Data were assembled from the hospital information system and the number of cesarean and vaginal deliveries in 2013 and 2014 for all obstetricians of the study hospital was separately entered in Excel (version 2013). Data regarding patientsatisfaction and vaginal delivery bills was extracted from the patient records and hospital documents.
Among totally 5 obstetricians of the hospital, four doctors have reduced their cesarean rate between 3 to 7 percent compared the baseline year. However, all of the obstetricians failed in their attempt to achieve the 10 percent reduction in cesarean rate as the objective of vaginal delivery promotion plan at the end of study period compared to the baseline year. The hospital had totally only 2 percent reduction in the cesarean rate. Furthermore, patients, satisfaction was increased about 1.9 percent compared to the baseline and all bills of vaginal delivery was free of charge.
It seems that factors such as being as a teaching hospital and referring complicated deliveries to this referral hospital, have led to the unsuccessfulness of this hospital in achieving the objectives of vaginal delivery promotion plan as 10 percent reduction in the rate of cesarean section.

Objective (s): Medication errors lead to the deaths of patients and reduce patient safety. This study aimed to investigate on factors influencing the incidence of medication errors, in Qazvin, Iran.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in year 2013 in Qazvin teaching hospitals. A sample of nurses were asked to participate in the study. The survey tool was a standard questionnaire containing two sections: demographic, and factors influencing of incidence of medication errors.

In all 204 nurses were studied. The average age and experience of nurses was 32 and 8.5 years, respectively. 87% of nurses were female and 13% were men. The mea score (from 1 to 5) for factors influencing the incidence of medication errors in nursing domains was fatigue caused by extra work (3.15) and not having enough time (2.94). In the area of department the mean score was 3.33 for high density work and 3.14 for the noise in department. For the administration domain, the mean score for lack of enough nursing personnel was 2.48 and for illegible medication orders it was also 2.48.

Interactions with nurses, proper management, adequate staffing, training, and appropriate reporting system can reduce many errors and promote patient safety in hospitals.