vahid noori

Two years has passed since the day Trump took office; In the course of this period, Washington has shown a turbulent foreign policy. Every new decision on foreign policy along with withdrawal announcement by Trump’s administration astonishes the world. This process could be described by the term “Unforeseeable” due to its unconventionality. Therefore, this paper aim is to root out the fundamental cause. Then the main question is what are the leading factors in the U.S foreign policy under Trump administration? In response to the point of view, by using the theory of “continuity” and the findings of two personality-characterization studies, assessing foreign policy positions, analyzing how he interacts with foreign policy institutions and its internal developments, it is argued as a hypothesis that psychological traits of Trump has promoted the status of individual factor on other influential resources of American foreign policy, namely, systemic, bureaucratic, social and role factors. “Populist Authoritarianism”, “Narcissism”, "Revengefulness" and” disagreeableness” are the most prominent characteristics of Trump’s personality which lead U.S toward an Egoistic foreign policy. These individual characteristics of Trump outweighs the bureaucratic institutions of foreign policy, hence made the institutions completely in line with the views of the president. Challenging accompanied by withdrawing from international treaties and arrangements can be considered as result; To the extent that, according to some experts, the existing world order and its compounds are at stake.

By outset of principality era in Islamic republic, speech acts and behavior of iran in foreign policy has been changed. The main question of article is: what is the cause of change in foreign policy of principality administration? Authors, as their main hypothesis, argue that the feeling of ontological insecurity has caused reconfiguration of identity resources, foreign policy and change in principality approach toward foreign arena. Authors describe the nuke diplomacy of principality as the most important aspect of their approach.

One of the major manifestations of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran under the Principlists is its significant changes, particularly in comparison to the eras of reconstruction and reform. This paper seeks to analyze the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in this period, utilizing the explanatory capacities of the social identity theory and the analytical concept of status-seeking. The main question of the paper concerns the main reasons behind the change in the foreign policy of Ahmadinejad’s government when compared to the governments in the reconstruction and reform eras. There are also some secondary questions: Can we consider a common ground for Iranian foreign policy in all these periods? What is the main difference between the foreign policy in the Principlist period and that of Ayatollah Hashemi and former President Khatami’s governments? The first secondary hypothesis argues that Iran has always been a status-seeking state in the regional and international systems. The second secondary hypothesis states that Ahmadinejad’s government’s foreign policy differed from the two preceding governments simply in its search for status-seeking strategy. The main hypothesis is that the perception of the policy-makers of this period concerning the failure of former governments to attain status goals, political purposes, and U.S. containment policy has been the main reason accounting for the revision of status-seeking strategy in the Principlist period.