vahid zamanzade

Clinical education has a major role in the development of clinical skills. Nursing requires that the students learn how to become professional healthcare in the clinical environment. Despite the vital role of clinical training in improving the quality of students’ caring behaviors، however large differences exist in the perceptions of caring behaviors. The purpose of this study was to identify the viewpoints of nurses students regarding the priority of caring behaviors. In this descriptive study، all the nursing students during 7th and 8th semester in Tabriz nursing School of Medical Sciences in 2013 were chosen by census sampling، included 200 students (67% female، 33% mail) that were passing the ICU clinical teaching. Data were also collected by the Caring Assessment Questionnaire (Care-Q)، developed by Larson. Caring behaviors consisted of 57 statement were ranked on a 5-point Likert-type scale and ordered in six subscales. After analyzing data by using SPSS software version 21. 0، the results demonstrated that students'' high ranking in the importance of caring، was about «Being Accessible»، «Monitoring and Following through» and the low ranking was about «Trusting Relationships” and» Anticipates”، respectively. Moreover، male students ranked «Monitoring and following through» (p < 0. 05) higher than females. Furthermore، the nursing students perceived highly physical aspects of caring compared to emotional caring. Therefore، the results revealed the necessity of students ''awareness of the other needs during caring of patients. It is worthy to note that educational training and informing students in the beginning of clinical placement would facilitate accepting the promotion of their motivation for learning caring behaviors.

Reflexology is one of the diagnostic، non-invasive methods of complementary medicine which leads to release the energy blocked paths all over the body and consequently improving the body circulation. Reflexology has analgesic and anti-anxiety effects; but there are some contradictory evidences regarding the effects of reflexology on physiologic parameters. The present study has been conducted with the aim to investigate the effects of reflexology on the breathing rate and blood pressure in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The present randomized clinical research has been conducted on 40 patients suffering from COPD، in two reflexology and control groups in Tabriz Imam Reza Medical Research and Training center. The instrument of data collection was an information registration form. Massage therapy has been performed in six 30-minute sessions per week. Physiologic parameters have been measured before and after the intervention and were then analyzed by Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and T-test after establishing normality. There was a significant decrease in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of COPD patients after intervention in comparison with the control group subjects (p<0/05)، but there was no meaningful differences in the patients’ breathing rate. Findings of the study reveal that foot reflexology can be utilized as a sound and safe nursery intervention in blood pressure control in patients suffering from COPD.

Anxiety effects on function in all organ’s specially on respiratory system. in patient with COPD because of chronic nature of disease، cause more negative effects such as fear of death. Therefore this study due to the high rate of patient with COPD and need of safe and non-invasive way in nursing care is done to reduce anxiety in patient. This randomized controlled trial study was done on 40 patients with COPD in two groups of foot reflexology and one control group. In intervention group the foot massage was done for 30 minutes once a week for 6 sessions. General form of the Spilberger’s anxiety score is filled once before starting and once after the last session of the intervention by all patient. Data were analyzed by using SPSS13. In intervention participant group، anxiety levels in comparison before and after intervention were significantly reduced (P=0/000)، but in control group there was no significantly difference. According to the results of this study، it can be concluded that foot reflexology can be used easily and safe method as nursing intervention to reduce anxiety in patient with COPD.